基于T/P卫星海面测高的黄东海海面地形变化探讨     

钟鹤翔  谢志仁  崔树红  信忠保 《海洋通报》2005,24(5):1-7

利用Topex/Posedion卫星的SSHA数据对黄、东海1993-2001年期间的平均海面地形的空间形态特征、变化速率的空间分布特征及年内变化特征等3个方面进行了分析.研究结果表明,该海区9a平均海面地形的基本特征为：东南高、西北低,由东南向西北倾斜,最大高差超过90 cm;1993-2001年期间全海区均呈现海面上升趋势,上升速率值在5～8.6 mm/a之间,海面上升的空间分异表现为南快北慢,东快西慢.海面地形的年内变化在时间上呈正弦波动,空间上中、北部区域变化速度快,年较差大;南部区域变化速度慢,年较差小;变化空间特征复杂.  相似文献   

A three-dimensional model study on ocean dynamic response to traveling cyclone over the Huanghai Sea     

QIN Zenghao  LI Yongping  YUAN Yaochu  YU Runling 《海洋学报(英文版)》2005,24(1):60-75

On the basis of numerical simulation of the mean circulation and relevant thermal-salinity fields in June with a three-dimensional ocean model (ECOM-si), the model outputs are used as first guess of initial fields for numerical integration of the model equations and the numerical results are applied to investigating the dynamical responses of the Huanghai Sea and the East China Sea (HECS) in the course of a weak land-to-sea cyclone‘s passage over the Huanghai Sea on 15-16 June 1999. Predominance of the dynamic impact of cyclone over the thermal one in June in the HECS is justified using observations and model simulations.The cyclone and its surrounding weather system, i.e,, subtropical high ridge to its south could influence current and thermal fields in the Bohai Sea, the Huanghai Sea and the northern East China Sea even though the intensity of cyclone was rather weak. The response of oceanic currents to the wind stresses driven by the cyclone and its southern subtropical high were strongly characterized by the wind drift with its extent of equivalent scale of cyclone in the horizontal and of Ekman layer in the vertical. The sea response at a given site was closely related to the transient local wind speed and direction,especially was sensitive to the local wind direction,which is demonstrated at three points locating at the southern and western Huanghai Sea and the northern East China Sea. So the sea responses at locations differed considerably from one another. Current responded to the wind stress in a simple way:directly to the wind-driven current and subsequent gradient current and slope current, etc., whereas sea temperature responded to the wind stress in two ways: directly to the cyclone-induced cooling and indirectly to water movements both in the horizontal and the vertical by the cyclone‘ s wind stress. So the sea temperature variation under the influence of cyclone was more complicate than the current. The HECS in response to the cyclone and its ambient weather system was likely to be a fast process and such a response could last at least for more than 1d. Current increased with the duration of wind stress exerted on the surface and decreased with the increasing depth. Affected by the cyclone, the maximum sea surface temperature decreased by almost 1.6℃ during the 24h cyclone.  相似文献   

东海沿岸海水表层温度的变化特征及变化趋势   总被引：15，自引：0，他引：15  

郭伟其  沙伟  沈红梅  韦应新 《海洋学报》2005,27(5):1-8

根据东海沿岸引水船、嵊山、大陈、南麂、北礵、平潭、厦门和东山8个海洋观测站的40a表层海水温度(SST)资料进行了统计与分析.研究结果表明:东海沿岸SST主要受制于太阳辐射,呈南高北低分布,但也不同程度地受到当地地理环境、气候环境、水文环境的影响;SST的年变化具有显著的年周期和半年周期;东海沿岸SST存在多种显著周期的振荡,且南北测站SST的主导振荡有差异;就近40a的资料而言,东海沿岸的SST总体呈上升趋势,其中冬季上升幅度最大,暖冬是SST总体呈上升趋势的重要因素.  相似文献   

珠穆朗玛峰北坡东绒布冰川成冰作用的新认识   总被引：7，自引：3，他引：4  

康世昌  秦大河  任贾文  张东启  秦翔 《地理科学》2005,25(4):415-419

冰川成冰作用的研究对于选择冰芯钻取点具有重要的科学意义。前人对珠穆朗玛峰北坡冰川成冰作用的研究,由于缺少高海拔区域的实测资料而具有一定的局限性。文章通过1998年东绒布冰川垭口处(6 500 m a. s. l.)11 m冰芯和海拔6 450 m处20 m冰芯剖面的成冰作用过程研究,认识到由于水、热条件的逐年波动,冰川成冰作用也处于变化之中。珠穆朗玛峰北坡东绒布冰川高海拔区域,在一定的水、热条件下(如气温较低和降水量较大等),再冻结-重结晶作用依然占主导地位,该成冰作用至少在垭口部位是有分布的。而一般在气温较高或降水量较少等条件下,冰川的成冰作用则以冷渗浸-重结晶作用为主。  相似文献   

东南极晚新元古—早古生代构造热事件及其在冈瓦纳超大陆重建中的意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘晓春  赵越  刘小汉  胡健民 《高校地质学报》2007,13(3):546-560

在东南极大陆内部及边缘发育3条晚新元古代—早古生代造山带,即东非造山带（南延部分）、普里兹造山带和罗斯造山带。东非造山带的南延部分主要出露于吕措—霍尔姆湾—毛德王后地—沙克尔顿岭地区,其内发育蛇绿岩、榴辉岩相超镁铁岩及逆冲—推覆构造,因而被解释为东、西冈瓦纳陆块拼合的缝合线。罗斯造山带主要出露于横贯南极山脉地区,其内保存有大陆裂解、洋壳俯冲和地体增生的地质纪录,代表冈瓦纳超大陆的活动大陆边缘。普里兹造山带主要出露于普里兹湾和登曼冰川,因其位于从前假设的统一东冈瓦纳陆块的内部,加之缺少蛇绿混杂岩、岛弧增生杂岩和高压变质岩（如蓝片岩或榴辉岩）等与大洋板块俯冲作用密切相关的岩石,所以当前存在着碰撞造山成因和板内改造成因两种不同的认识。普里兹造山带构造性质的确定不仅决定了冈瓦纳超大陆的汇聚过程和方式,也制约了罗迪尼亚超大陆的形成和演化过程。因此,开展普里兹造山带的研究对于揭示新元古代—早古生代的全球构造演化具有重要的科学意义。  相似文献   

An origin for laminated glacimarine sediments through sea-ice build-up and suppressed iceberg rafting   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Dowdeswell  Whittington  Jennings  rews  Mackensen  & Marienfeld 《Sedimentology》2000,47(3):557-576

Laminated glacimarine sediments are observed in visual core logs and x-radiographs from Scoresby Sund and Nansen Fjord, east Greenland. They are mostly underlain and overlain by massive or stratified glacimarine diamicton (Dmm or Dms), which is a product of iceberg delivery of heterogeneous debris and, in Scoresby Sund, reworking by deep-drafted iceberg keels. The laminated sediments are AMS radiocarbon dated to two cold periods since the last, Late Weichselian deglaciation: the Younger Dryas stadial (Milne Land Stadial in east Greenland) and the Little Ice Age. During cold climatic events, multiyear shorefast sea ice ('sikussak') formed in these fjords and trapped the icebergs. Fine-grained, laminated muds (Fl) were deposited in Scoresby Sund when the flux of icebergs was suppressed, but turbid meltwater continued to provide some sediment flux to the fjord systems, varying through time to produce laminations. In Nansen Fjord, thinner and often massive mud layers (Fm) resulted from shorter intervals of sea-ice cover with no ice rafting. Stratified diamicton layers (Dms), which alternate with mud deposition to produce a laminated unit, probably represent intervening times of more open conditions with iceberg rafting. In Scoresby Sund, foraminifera are either absent from the laminated unit or begin to appear towards the end of its deposition. The absence of both benthic and planktonic foraminifera also suggests that multiyear sea ice was covering the core sites. There is no evidence of macrofaunal activity, and bioturbation is absent from the laminated sediments. Satellite data show that multiyear shorefast sea ice is present in several areas of the high Arctic today, and this traps icebergs calved from interior ice-cap drainage basins. Thus, the process of laminated glacimarine sediment formation is likely to be applicable to a number of areas of the modern and Quaternary Arctic.  相似文献   

东海陆架泥质区沉积地球化学比较研究   总被引：38，自引：4，他引：34  

郭志刚  杨作升  曲艳慧  范德江 《沉积学报》2000,18(2):284-289

利用东海陆架泥质沉积区和周围砂质沉积区的表层沉积物元素含量和海水悬浮沉积物总量分析资料,对泥质区的沉积地球化学进行了比较研究。结果表明东海不同泥质区的沉积地球化学过程很不相同。浙江近岸泥质区沉积物元素以Fe、Mn、Zn的含量高,Na、Sr、Al、Ca的含量低为特征,其地球化学特征与长江沉积物非常一致。近岸泥质区的沉积物基本来源于长江输入海的沉积物,在台湾暖流的作用下沉积在浙江沿岸。远岸济州岛西南泥质区沉积物以Na、Sr的高含量,较高的Al、Ca含量和低的Fe、Mn、Zn含量为特征,其地球化学特征与黄河源沉积物有好的相关性,但有一定的混合源性质,该泥质区的沉积物主要来源于黄河源的细颗粒沉积物,由黄海沿岸流搬运到该区并沉积下来。沉积物在搬运沉积过程中,元素粒度分异作用明显。东海陆架泥质区沉积地球化学过程的控制性影响因子是东海环流系统和物源,其中台湾暖流对东海陆架远岸和近岸泥质区的沉积地球化学分区具有关键作用。  相似文献   

中国东部橄榄岩包体和榴辉岩中CO_2流体包裹体的碳同位素组成     

杨晓勇  郑永飞  刘德良  陶士振  戴金星 《岩石学报》2000,(4)

应用阶段加热技术 ,对中国东部新生代玄武岩中的橄榄岩包体和大别造山带超高压榴辉岩进行了包裹体 CO2 的碳同位素组成测定。结果表明 ,橄榄岩的δ1 3C值变化较大 ,从 - 2 2 .8‰到 0 .7‰ ,明显不同于前人报道的低δ1 3C值 (- 2 8‰～- 2 0‰ )特征 ,指示中国东部地幔流体中 CO2 的碳同位素组成是不均一的 ,反映了地壳有机碳与原生地幔碳的混合特征。大别造山带榴辉岩的 δ1 3C变化从 - 18.5‰到 4 .6‰ ,同样明显不同于前人报道的低 δ1 3C值 (- 30‰～ - 2 0‰ )特征。榴辉岩的低δ1 3C值指示了板块俯冲前其玄武岩原岩受到地表含有机碳流体蚀变后的碳同位素特点 ,而较高的δ1 3C值反映了板块折返过程中榴辉岩受淋滤大理岩的富 CO2 流体叠加的退变质效应。橄榄岩包体和超高压榴辉岩的轻碳同位素共同特点反映了板块俯冲引起的壳—幔物质相互作用和碳同位素地球化学再循环 ,指示中国东部岩石圈地幔含有丰富的地壳有机碳组分  相似文献   

华东地区地震活动的加速模型分析          下载免费PDF全文

李强 《地震工程学报》2000,22(4):419-423,435

地震活动加速模型是在岩石断裂理论和实验的基础上建立起来的,具有坚实的物理基础。运用地震活动加速模型对地震活动进行分析和预测具有很强的实用性。运用地震活动加速模型对华东地区及长南带地震活动进行的分析和预测结果表明,该地区本次地震活动期将在2016年左右结束,现在至2016年还将发生总能量相当于7．7级的地震,加速模型中表征区域地震活动特征参数α取0．4能适合于华东地区和长南带。  相似文献   

Western migrants in central Europe: Isolated individuals or members of transnational communities?     

Hans-Joachim Bürkner 《GeoJournal》2000,50(2-3):105-108

Migration flows from western Europe, the United States and Canada to east central Europe have received little attention so far. But numbers are now considerable and in the context of globalisation it seems appropriate to conceptualise communities of Westerners in terms of transnational social spaces as defined by Glick Schiller et al. Study of Americans in Prague reveals three main groups: enterprise managers, lifestyle migrants and entrepreneurs in small and medium-sized enterprises. All are engaged in a variety of different processes of community-building, often with clear trends towards a new transnationalism. Yet, the individual attempt to live in two societies is limited by the marked boundaries of the communities and by the degree of social exclusion which they experience from the majority population. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献