基于地下电性结构探讨中国东北活动火山形成机制   总被引：14，自引：2，他引：14  

汤吉赵国泽  王继军詹艳邓前辉  陈小斌 《岩石学报》2006,22(6):1503-1510

东北地区是我国现代火山活动最强烈的地区之一，也是许多学者十分关注的地区。本文回顾了前人提出的关于该地区火山成因的研究成果；通过分析在东北活动火山区大地电磁观测研究的地壳上地幔结构和采用大地电磁网观测研究的地幔1000km以上的电性结构成果，发现长白山天池火山区存在地壳岩浆囊，其它活动火山没有发现地壳岩浆囊，但都存在通往地幔的岩浆通道；东北地区在80～120km左右和200～250km可能存在与地幔岩浆囊相关的地幔高温流体。基于电性结构的研究成果，作者提出了一种东北地区可能的活动火山成因假说。认为东北火山的成因可能与西太平洋板块俯冲到中国东北地区的地幔过渡带后产生脱水有密切关系。这种水以矿物组分或流体方式向上运移，在地幔200-250km和80～120km左右聚集，80～120km的聚集区可能是火山喷发的物质来源。  相似文献   

闾阳—梨树断面深,浅部构造特征及其与地震活动的关系   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

牛雪  卢造勋 《东北地震研究》1998,14(2):67-74

本文利用壳－幔波速,电性等深部地球物理信息,结合区域地质及实验岩石学研究结果等资料,对闾阳－梨树断面进行了地质推断解释,并简略讨论了壳－幔结构对浅部构造运动的影响及与地震活动的关系。  相似文献   

Method of characteristics in spherical geometry applied to a Harang-discontinuity situation     

O. Amm 《Annales Geophysicae》1998,16(4):413-424

The method of characteristics for obtaining spatial distributions of ionospheric electrodynamic parameters from ground-based spatial observations of the ground magnetic disturbance and the ionospheric electric field is presented in spherical geometry. The method includes tools for separation of the external magnetic disturbance, its continuation to the ionosphere, and calculation of ionospheric equivalent currents. Based on these and the measured electric field distribution, the ionospheric Hall conductance is calculated as the primary output of the method. By estimating the Hall- to-Pedersen conductance ratio distribution, the remaining ionospheric electrodynamic parameters are inferred. The method does not assume = 0 to allow to study time-dependent situations. The application of this method to a Harang discontinuity (HD) situation on 27 October 1977, 17:39 UT, reveals the following: (1) The conductances at and north of the HD are clearly reduced as compared to the eastern electrojet region. (2) Plasma flow across the HD is observed, but almost all horizontal current is diverted into upward-flowing field-aligned currents (FACs) there. (3) The FACs connected to the Hall currents form a latitudinally aligned sheet with a magnitude peak between the electrically and magnetically defined HD, where break-up arcs are often observed. Their magnitude is larger than that of the more uniformly distributed FACs connected to the Pedersen currents. They also cause the southward shift of the magnetically defined HD with respect to the electrically defined one. (4) A tilt of the HD with respect to geomagnetic latitude as proposed by an earlier study on the same event, which used composite vector plot technique, and by statistical studies, is not observed in our single time-step analysis.Also at: Finnish Meteorological Institute, Geophysical Research, P.O. Box 503, FIN-00101 Helsinki, Finland.  相似文献   

Electric field effects on ionospheric and thermospheric parameters above the EISCAT station for summer conditions     

V. V. Klimenko  Yu. N. Korenkov  M. Förster 《Annales Geophysicae》1998,16(10):1200-1211

Numerical calculations of the thermospheric and ionospheric parameters above EISCAT are presented for quiet geomagnetic conditions in summer. The Global Self-consistent Model of the Thermosphere, Ionosphere and Protonosphere (GSM TIP) was used. The numerical results were obtained both with a self-consistent calculation of the electric fields of magnetospheric and dynamo-action origin and with the magnetospheric electric fields only. It was found that the dynamo-electric field has some effect on the ionospheric convection pattern during quiet geomagnetic conditions. It has a marked effect mainly on the zonal neutral wind component above EISCAT (±20m/s at 140 km altitude). We have studied the effects of various field-aligned current (FAC) distributions on thermosphere/ionosphere parameters and we show that a qualitative agreement can be obtained with region-I and -II FAC zones at 75° and 65° geomagnetic latitude, respectively. The maximum FAC intensities have been assumed at 03–21 MLT for both regions with peak values of 2.5 × 10^–7 Am^–2 (region I) and 1.25 × 10^–7 A m^–2 (region II). These results are in agreement with statistical potential distribution and FAC models constructed by use of EISCAT data. The lack of decreased electron density in the night-time sector as observed by the EISCAT radar was found to be due to the spatial distribution of ionospheric convection resulting from electric fields of magnetospheric origin.  相似文献   

雷暴下地面自然尖端电晕放电离子时空演化的数值模拟   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

郄秀书  S. Soula  S. Chauzy 《地球物理学报》1996,39(Z1):43-51

为了对雷暴云下近地面的电特性进行分析，本文建立了模拟自然尖端所产生的电晕离子演化的一维数值模式。以地面电场为基础，考虑到地面电晕离子的演化，成功地计算了从地面至８００ｍ的空中电场及电荷、电流的时空演变，发现地面电晕离子可解释除雷暴云电荷影响外的空中电场和地面电场的差异，空间电场比地面电场更能反应雷暴电荷所产生的电场。空间电荷层可延伸到８００ｍ的高度上，且电荷密度可高达０．２５ｎＣ／ｍ^３，６００ｍ高度上的传导电流密度可达０．１ｎＡ／ｍ^２。  相似文献   

闪电辐射场的宽带频谱测量及地闪首次回击放电参数的估算   总被引：4，自引：4，他引：4  

郄秀书  郭昌明  张广庶 《高原气象》1988,(4)

我们用一台自制宽带电场接收机和四台窄带电场接收机对同一闪电的辐射场进行了测量,得到了从2kHz到80MHz频段内云闪和地闪的绝对振幅谱。云闪和地闪的谱峰值分别出现在4kHz到10kHz和20kHz到80kHz频段内。在10kHz到2.8MHz内,地闪的平均谱按1/f衰减,2.8MHz到80MHz内,按1/f~(1·4)衰减。在40kHz以上,云闪的平均谱按1/f~(1·4)衰减。40kHz以下,地闪是主要的辐射源,40kHz以上,云闪和地闪有几乎相等的辐射强度。50km距离上,地闪首次回击辐射电场峰值的平均值为15.16V/m,标准差为8.38V/m。1MHz以下,地闪首次回击辐射总能量为0.84×10~5J,标准差为1.57×10~5J。峰值功率为0.85×10~(10)W,标准差为0.98×10~(10)W。峰值电流为27.80kA,标准差为17.12kA。电流时间变化率峰值为109.30kA/μs,标准差为91.53 kA/μs。我们对观测到的一些特殊的闪电现象也做了初步解释。  相似文献   

近地大气物理现象与光电测距精度的关系     

彭树森 《内陆地震》1989,3(3):240-251

本文根据大气温度层结状态,讨论两种光电测距最佳观测时刻的理论。指出,在不稳定湍流状态下,更有利于获得高精度的观测值。  相似文献   

在堤坝勘察中电测深曲线S等值性校正的研究     

许顺芳  李振宇  李进战 《CT理论与应用研究》2003,12(1):17-20

目的 阐述了土坝勘察中电测深曲线存在中间层S等值性。方法 电测深在堤坝勘察中是一种经济、实用和高效的物探方法。结果 通过实例论述和分析了在堤坝质量探测中，电测深曲线S等值性探测精度的影响及在井约束下的校正方法。结论 总结出一些对电测深等值性的校正方法，在钻井资料约束下的校正方法，已取得了明显的地质效果。  相似文献   

超低频(ULF)电磁辐射观测与资料处理方法   总被引：7，自引：1，他引：7  

关华平  韩凤银  肖武军  陈智勇 《地震》2003,23(2):85-93

叙述了1982年以来在首都圈附近超低频(ULF)电磁辐射观测网的建设，该台网以埋地电极接收地下电场变化为主，用感应线圈接收磁场变化为辅。采用选择观测频段、埋深电极、隔直、滤波等技术措施减小干扰。给出了记录资料异常图形的分类及处理方法。研究了一些相关因素的可能影响。  相似文献   

The electric field gradient in synthetic fayalite α-Fe2SiO4 at moderate temperatures     

W. Lottermoser  K. Steiner  M. Grodzicki  K. Jiang  G. Scharfetter  J. W. Bats  G. Redhammer  W. Treutmann  S. Hosoya  G. Amthauer 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》2002,29(2):112-121

This work reports on the evaluation of the electric field gradient (efg) in synthetic fayalite α-Fe₂SiO₄ using three different procedures: (1) experimental, with single-crystal Mössbauer spectroscopy (SCMBS) on the three principal sections of an α-Fe₂SiO₄ sample for several temperatures in the range 20?°C?≤?T?≤?300?°C; (2) semiquantitative, with the on-line calculation of the efg from three-dimensional difference electron densities, and (3) a fully quantitative method with cluster molecular orbital calculations based on the density functional theory. The experimental efg is in good agreement with our previously published low-temperature data as well as with the results obtained by the fully quantitative approach. In the latter case, large cluster sizes (up to 97 atoms) are necessary to obtain quantitative agreement with experiment. This is also considered as being responsible for the lack of correspondence with the semiquantitative efg on M1. Previously reported symmetry violations on the M2 site are also confirmed by our SCMBS measurements.  相似文献