应用XRF-SEM-XRD-FTIR等分析测试技术研究丽水蓝色类欧泊(蛋白石)的矿物学与光学特征   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

严俊  胡仙超  方飚  陶金波  彭秋瑾  张俭 《岩矿测试》2014,33(6):795-801

直至目前,我国相关欧泊的矿藏及其相应的矿物学特征鲜见报道,近期在浙江丽水缙云地区发现的蓝色类欧泊石引起了宝玉石科研工作者的广泛关注,但此矿物的相关研究至今尚未见论述。本文应用X射线荧光光谱(XRF)、场发射扫描电镜(FE-SEM)结合X射线粉晶衍射(XRD)与傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)等多种综合检测技术首次对该类蓝色原矿的矿物学及光学变彩性质进行研究。结果表明:XRF分析显示蓝色原矿的主体化学组成为SiO₂(质量含量95%),仅含极少量的Fe₂O₃与Al₂O₃等杂质。同时,蓝色原矿及其相应的热处理后样品局部区域具有明显的变彩特征,主体的化学组成与其光学特征与天然欧泊的组成及变彩效应类同。XRD分析显示原矿粉体的无机相的晶型为方石英相,衍射峰形锐化,该晶体的结构特征明显相异于天然欧泊即微晶类的蛋白石(Opal-CT)、Opal-C与非晶蛋白石类(Opal-A)。此外,样品的红外光谱与天然欧泊间存在一定的频率位移。鉴于此,初步将该类原矿归属为类欧泊,因蓝色原矿所在地丽水缙云地区属于中生代陆相火山岩的地质,因此进一步将该原矿命名为一类火山岩类的类欧泊石,而有关此类欧泊是否可以归属为广义上的欧泊有待再作商榷。同时基于对蓝色原矿有无变彩效应区域的FE-SEM测试结论,本文初步推测该类矿物的光学变彩特征与原矿表面的“叠瓦状”结构形貌有关。  相似文献   

榴辉岩组构运动学与大陆深俯冲——中国大陆科学钻探主孔榴辉岩的EBSD研究   总被引：5，自引：4，他引：1  

许志琴 王勤陈方远  梁凤华唐哲民 《岩石学报》2006,22(7):1799-1809

中国大陆科学钻探主孔位于苏鲁超高压带南部的东海县毛北榴辉岩体之上。主孔0-600米深度的榴辉岩的塑性变形以具中等倾角的东倾面理,近南北向的水平拉伸线理、“A”型剪切褶皱和一系列平行面理的微型韧性剪切带为特征。使用电子背散射（EBSD）技术测量的主孔7个榴辉岩样品的石榴石和绿辉石的晶格优选定向（LPO）表明：石榴石基本上无序排列,而绿辉石表现出强烈的LPO。绿辉石的[001]轴近平行于拉伸线理方向,（010）面的法线和[100]轴垂直面理分布,{110}的法线形成垂直面理的环带,反映绿辉石的位错蠕变由[001]（100）和1／2〈^-110〉滑移系控制,其不对称的LPO指示了由北向南的剪切指向。根据单斜辉石的高温实验结果,毛北榴辉岩经历了800-900℃的超高压变质作用。通过构造重塑,揭示毛北榴辉岩体为剪切流变褶皱,形成于扬子板块深俯冲时的超高压变质过程。因此榴辉岩中保留的早期岩石组构特征可以为板块的深俯冲运动学和俯冲极性提供重要信息。  相似文献   

Reconstruction of ion and electron density profiles from space-based measurements of the upper electron content     

S.M. Stankov  N. Jakowski 《Planetary and Space Science》2005,53(9):945-957

Presented is a new method for retrieving the topside electron density distribution from space-based observations of the total electron content. By assuming an adequate topside density distribution, the profile reconstruction technique utilizes ionosonde and oxygen-hydrogen ion transition level measurements for uniquely determining the unknown ion scale heights and the corresponding ion and electron density profiles. The method is tested on actual measurements from the CHAMP satellite. Important applications are envisaged, such as developing and evaluating empirical and theoretical ionosphere-plasmasphere models.  相似文献   

Gas hydrate characterization and grain-scale imaging of recovered cores from the Mount Elbert Gas Hydrate Stratigraphic Test Well, Alaska North Slope   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Laura A. Stern  Thomas D. LorensonJohn C. Pinkston 《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2011,28(2):394-403

Using cryogenic scanning electron microscopy (CSEM), powder X-ray diffraction, and gas chromatography methods, we investigated the physical states, grain characteristics, gas composition, and methane isotopic composition of two gas-hydrate-bearing sections of core recovered from the BPXA-DOE-USGS Mount Elbert Gas Hydrate Stratigraphic Test Well situated on the Alaska North Slope. The well was continuously cored from 606.5 m to 760.1 m depth, and sections investigated here were retrieved from 619.9 m and 661.0 m depth. X-ray analysis and imaging of the sediment phase in both sections shows it consists of a predominantly fine-grained and well-sorted quartz sand with lesser amounts of feldspar, muscovite, and minor clays. Cryogenic SEM shows the gas-hydrate phase forming primarily as a pore-filling material between the sediment grains at approximately 70-75% saturation, and more sporadically as thin veins typically several tens of microns in diameter. Pore throat diameters vary, but commonly range 20-120 microns. Gas chromatography analyses of the hydrate-forming gas show that it is comprised of mainly methane (>99.9%), indicating that the gas hydrate is structure I. Here we report on the distribution and articulation of the gas-hydrate phase within the cores, the grain morphology of the hydrate, the composition of the sediment host, and the composition of the hydrate-forming gas.  相似文献   

Assessment of Jovian synchrotron radiation with a bi-modal electron population     

Fuliang Xiao  Richard M. Thorne 《Planetary and Space Science》2006,54(4):405-409

An explicit formula is developed to explore the mechanism of the synchrotron radiation by using a bi-modal loss-cone distribution function. The variation of the distribution function along the field line is modeled in detail and the evaluation of the total power in the synchrotron radiation is presented. The variance of synchrotron radiation with latitude depends on the electron anisotropy; for low anisotropy, synchrotron radiation increases with latitude and reaches a maximum at the particle mirror points; for high anisotropy, it decreases with latitude and maximizes at the equator. A bi-modal population is therefore suggested to explain the radiation intensity which peaks both at the equator and at high latitude.  相似文献   

A Geoneutrino Experiment at Homestake     

N. Tolich  Y. -D. Chan  C. A. Currat  B. K. Fujikawa  R. Henning  K. T. Lesko  A. W. P. Poon  M. P. Decowski  J. Wang  K. Tolich 《Earth, Moon, and Planets》2006,99(1-4):229-240

A significant fraction of the 44TW of heat dissipation from the Earth’s interior is believed to originate from the decays of terrestrial uranium and thorium. The only estimates of this radiogenic heat, which is the driving force for mantle convection, come from Earth models based on meteorites, and have large systematic errors. The detection of electron antineutrinos produced by these uranium and thorium decays would allow a more direct measure of the total uranium and thorium content, and hence radiogenic heat production in the Earth. We discuss the prospect of building an electron antineutrino detector approximately 700 m³ in size in the Homestake mine at the 4850’ level. This would allow us to make a measurement of the total uranium and thorium content with a statistical error less than the systematic error from our current knowledge of neutrino oscillation parameters. It would also allow us to test the hypothesis of a naturally occurring nuclear reactor at the center of the Earth.  相似文献   

Preliminary studies concerning subsurface probes for the exploration of icy planetary bodies     

Melanie Treffer  Günter Kargl  Stephan Ulamec  Alexander Ivanov 《Planetary and Space Science》2006,54(6):621-634

It is well-known that the permanent terrestrial ice sheets (glaciers and polar caps) contain a lot of information about the recent geological history and in particular about climatic changes. Extrapolating this fact to other ice sheets in the solar system (e.g. the Mars polar regions, the icy moons of the outer planets, etc.), we may expect a similar wealth of information. To obtain this information it is possible to drill holes or melt the ice by a heated probe, which in this way is able to penetrate the surface and investigate the deeper layers in situ. In the latter case the driving agent is the heating power and the weight of the probe. In this paper we consider the application of such “melting probes” for exploring the structure of ice sheets in extraterrestrial environments. We describe several laboratory experiments with simple melting probes performed under cryo-vacuum conditions and compare the results with tests in a terrestrial environment. The experiments revealed that under space conditions the downward motion of a heated probe in an ice sheet is characterized by intermittent periods of sublimation and melting of the surrounding ice, sometimes interrupted by periods where a part of the probe's outer surface is frozen to the surrounding ice. This leads to a temporary blocking of the probe's downward motion. A similar situation can occur when the trailing tether is frozen in behind the probe. During the periods of ice sublimation the penetration process is significantly more power consuming, due to the large difference between the latent heat of sublimation and the latent heat of melting for water ice.  相似文献   

强磁场对非零温中子星壳层电子俘获反应的影响   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

罗志全  彭秋和 《天文学报》1996,37(4):430-436

本文讨论了强磁场作用下非零温电子气体的化学势，分析了磁场作用下电子气体屏蔽势的变化；以核素３３Ｓ为例，讨论了不同温度下，磁场对电子俘获率的影响，结果表明：在足够低的温度和密度下，足够强的磁场使电子俘获率显著降低，而就中子星表面存在的磁场强度（１０９－１０１３Ｇ）而言，磁场对其电子俘获率几乎没有影响．  相似文献   

The nature of iron and manganese species in dam waters     

Barry Chiswell  Myint Zaw 《水文研究》1989,3(3):277-288

The molecular weight (M. W.) distributions of iron and manganese species in dam water samples were investigated by use of gel filtration, while the ion-exchangeable and non-ion-exchangeable fractions of these metals were also analysed by ion-exchange chromatography. For the samples studied, more than 96 per cent of the manganese species present were found to be ion-exchangeable, whilst less than 35 per cent of iron species were ion-exchangeable. These results correlated with the finding that all the manganese species had molecular weights less than 700, but that the molecular weights of the iron species were mostly in excess of 5000. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy has been used to support the finding that manganese is almost totally present in the form of simple aquated Mn(II) ions.  相似文献   

基于MF雷达观测的D区日食效应的研究   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

李娜  陈金松  赵蕾  赵振维 《地球物理学报》2011,54(4):942-949

本文利用昆明站(25.6°N,103.8°E)MF雷达在2009年7月22日的观测数据,研究了这次日食期间D区电子密度的变化.结果表明,随着日食的开始,D区电子密度逐渐减小,在食甚后,电子密度开始恢复.但观测发现电子密度不与日食同步,而是存在一个大约9 min的时延.利用日食期间的观测数据,尝试建立了两个简单的模型来估...  相似文献