Surfer自动控制技术在气象资料自动成图中的应用   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

张铁军  王锡稳  张鸿  刘新伟 《干旱气象》2007,25(2):90-94

Surfer软件具有较完美的数据处理和显示功能,文中介绍了Surfer的主要功能、Active自动化技术及其与VB应用程序的接口,并利用该接口技术将VB的强大软件开发能力和Surfer强大的绘图功能相结合,给出了实现该接口技术的关键代码以及绘制成果图件的实例。  相似文献   

Spatial correlation of shear-wave velocity in the San Francisco Bay Area sediments   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Eric M. Thompson  Laurie G. Baise  Robert E. Kayen 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2007,27(2):144-152

Ground motions recorded within sedimentary basins are variable over short distances. One important cause of the variability is that local soil properties are variable at all scales. Regional hazard maps developed for predicting site effects are generally derived from maps of surficial geology; however, recent studies have shown that mapped geologic units do not correlate well with the average shear-wave velocity of the upper 30 m, V_s(30). We model the horizontal variability of near-surface soil shear-wave velocity in the San Francisco Bay Area to estimate values in unsampled locations in order to account for site effects in a continuous manner. Previous geostatistical studies of soil properties have shown horizontal correlations at the scale of meters to tens of meters while the vertical correlations are on the order of centimeters. In this paper we analyze shear-wave velocity data over regional distances and find that surface shear-wave velocity is correlated at horizontal distances up to 4 km based on data from seismic cone penetration tests and the spectral analysis of surface waves. We propose a method to map site effects by using geostatistical methods based on the shear-wave velocity correlation structure within a sedimentary basin. If used in conjunction with densely spaced shear-wave velocity profiles in regions of high seismic risk, geostatistical methods can produce reliable continuous maps of site effects.  相似文献   

Influence of traffic emissions on the composition of atmospheric particles of different sizes – Part 1: concentrations and elemental characterization     

K. Slezakova  M. C. Pereira  M. A. Reis  M. C. Alvim-Ferraz 《Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry》2007,58(1):55-68

Epidemiological studies initially considered the impact of total solid particles on human health, but according to the acquired knowledge about the worse effect of smaller particles, those studies turned to consider the impact of PM₁₀. However, for the last decade PM_2.5 began to be more important, once as they are smaller they can penetrate deeper in the lungs, being possible their trapping in alveoli and worse effects on human health. Therefore, more information on PM_2.5 should be provided namely concerning the levels and elemental composition. Considering the relevance of traffic on the emission of particles of small sizes, this work included the detailed characterization of PM₁₀ and PM_2.5, sampled at two sites directly influenced by traffic, as well as at two reference sites, aiming a further evaluation of the influence of PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 on public health. The specific objectives were to study the influence of traffic emission on PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 characteristics, considering concentration, size distribution and elemental composition. PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 samples were collected using low-volume samplers; the element analyses were performed by particle induced X-ray emission (PIXE). At the sites influenced by traffic emissions PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 concentrations were 7–9 and 6–7 times higher than at the background sites. The presence of 17 elements (Mg, Al, Si, P, S, Cl, K, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn and Pb) was determined in both PM fractions; particle metal contents were 3–44 and 3–27 times higher for PM₁₀ and PM_2.5, respectively, than at the backgrounds sites. The elements originated mostly from anthropogenic activities (S, K, V, Mn, Ni, Zn and Pb) were predominantly present in PM_2.5, while the elements mostly originated from crust (Mg, Al, Si and Ca) predominantly occurred in PM_2.5–10. The results also showed that in coastal areas sea salt spray is an important source of particles, influencing PM concentration and distributions (PM₁₀ increased by 46%, PM_2.5/PM₁₀ decreased by 26%), as well as PM compositions (Cl in PM₁₀ was 11 times higher).  相似文献   

Volcaniclastic debris-flow occurrences in the Campania region (Southern Italy) and their relation to Holocene–Late Pleistocene pyroclastic fall deposits: implications for large-scale hazard mapping     

M. Bisson  M. T. Pareschi  G. Zanchetta  R. Sulpizio  R. Santacroce 《Bulletin of Volcanology》2007,70(2):157-167

The Campania Region (southern Italy) is characterized by the frequent occurrence of volcaniclastic debris flows that damage property and loss of life (more than 170 deaths between 1996 and 1999). Historical investigation allowed the identification of more than 500 events during the last four centuries; in particular, more than half of these occurred in the last 100 years, causing hundreds of deaths. The aim of this paper is to quantify debris-flow hazard potential in the Campania Region. To this end, we compared several elements such as the thickness distribution of pyroclastic fall deposits from the last 18 ka of the Vesuvius and Phlegrean Fields volcanoes, the slopes of relieves, and the historical record of volcaniclastic debris flows from A.D. 1500 to the present. Results show that flow occurrence is not only a function of the cumulative thickness of past pyroclastic fall deposits but also depends on the age of emplacement. Deposits younger than 10 ka (Holocene eruptions) apparently increase the risk of debris flows, while those older than 10 ka (Late Pleistocene eruptions) seem to play a less prominent role, which is probably due to different climatic conditions, and therefore different rates of erosion of pyroclastic falls between the Holocene and the Late Pleistocene. Based on the above considerations, we compiled a large-scale debris-flow hazard map of the study area in which five main hazard zones are identified: very low, low, moderate, high, and very high.  相似文献   

基于语义映射的空间数据转换及其应用研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

李宗华 《地理空间信息》2007,5(2):1-3

数据转换是GIS工程建设中的一个十分重要的内容,传统的方法往往只是进行数据格式的转换,忽略了空间数据之间的内在联系,本文将语义映射和空间操作相结合,实现空间数据和属性数据的重构,从而实现异构数据的快速转换。  相似文献   

DMC数字航摄在大比例尺地形图成图中的应用     

王辛之  杨林德  江王记 《地理空间信息》2007,5(3):5-7

数字航空摄影具有从测量到成图的全过程数字化的优点。结合1∶2000地形图DMC全数字摄影测量项目对面阵CCD航摄像机用于大比例尺航测成图的基本要求进行了分析研究,提出数字像机的几何标定、数字摄影的质量检验和生产作业规范制订的必要性。  相似文献   

基于MODIS的鄱阳湖区水体水灾遥感影像图制作   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3  

丁莉东  余文华  覃志豪  吴昊 《国土资源遥感》2007,18(1):82-85

 提出了利用空间分辨率为250 m的MODIS影像第1、2波段数据制作水体遥感影像图、水体变化遥感影像图和水灾遥感影像图的方法。对鄱阳湖区的遥感影像图制作实例表明，该方法不仅具有快速、简便和易于操作等优点，还能有效保留MODIS的空间分辨率，较清晰地识别水体和洪水，可用于水灾的遥感动态监测与制图。  相似文献   

网络办公系统在测绘生产中的应用开发   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

齐心  许彤丽  张姝娟 《测绘与空间地理信息》2007,30(1):67-70

结合工作实际介绍了网络办公系统建设的意义、过程及在测绘生产中的应用,根据系统开发过程中所遇到的问题,总结了网络办公系统建立的一些关键技术及测绘工作中对网络办公系统的需求,为行业中其他正在建设或拟定建设的办公系统提供借鉴。  相似文献   

双频RTK灵锐S80接收机在工程测量中的应用     

于世岩  陈强 《测绘与空间地理信息》2007,30(1):123-125

分析了RTK测量技术的产生,发展及利用现状,然后以株洲市110平方千米1∶500地形图修测需要为例,着重从测设速度、灵活性、数据结构等方面探讨数字地图怎样以较全面的数据信息来为用户提供更好的服务。  相似文献   

移动道路测量系统在城市导航数据快速更新中的应用     

于庆国  刘亚东  马旭 《测绘与空间地理信息》2007,30(2):64-68

随着科技发展,道路导航产业正在蓬勃发展,而导航的基础数据采集和更新正是制约导航产业的瓶颈,本文通过移动道路测量系统采集导航数据并对其检测,探讨移动道路测量系统在导航数据获取和更新中的应用,并对移动道路测量系统在导航产业中的前景进行展望。  相似文献