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21.
A REGIONAL MODEL STUDY OF THE VARIATIONS AND DISTRIBUTIONS OF OZONE AND ITS PRECURSORS ON EASTERN ASIA AND WEST PACIFIC OCEAN REGIONS* 
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下载免费PDF全文 A simulated study of mechanism for variations and distributions of ozone and its precursors was made by using the three-dimensional regional Eulerian model.The results showed that the ozone production was controlled by NOx,but there is a complicated nonlinear relation between them.The photochemical reactions controlled by solar radiation are the determinative factors affecting the variations of the surface ozone and its precursors.The relations of ozone and CO,PAN were studied.We compared the simulated and observed results during the PEM-WEST A in order to better understand the photochemical processes of ozone and its precursors. 相似文献
22.
MEASUREMENTS OF REACTIVE NITROGEN SPECIES IN THE EASTERN CHINA DURING THE EXPERIMENT PEM-WEST A 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Measurements of NO_x(NO+NO_2),HNO_3,particulate nitrate,and total odd nitrogen NO_y were made at Linatmosphere regional background station during the NASA GTE/PEM-WEST A in the fall of 1991.NO_x and Nwere measured using chemiluminescence detectors.HNO_3 and aerosol nitrate(NO_3~-)were collected by a filter systNO_x concentration exhibits a significant diurnal variation:maximum occurring in the evening and postsunrise wpeak occurring following sunrise.Unlike NO_x,NO_y does not show distinct diurnal variations.From the ratiosday/night NO_x concentration and the diurnal cycles of two kinds of weather conditions,it is clear thatphotochemical production of NO_x varies with solar radiation.NO_x is the major component of total odd nitroNO_y and NO_2 is the major portion of NO_x as well.The regional background concentrations of NO_x,NO_y,aerosoltrate(NO_3~-)and HNO_3 range from 4.77 to 7.02 ppb,9.24 to 10.95 ppb,0.33 to 2.38 ppb and 0.31 to 0.97 ppb in a dayaverage,respectively.In the eastern China,the biomass burning is an important local emission source of nitrospecies.The ratios of NO/NO_2,NO_x/NO_y,HNO_3/NO_y,NO_3~-/NO_y and HNO_3/NO_x are also discussed inpaper. 相似文献
23.
综合大洋钻探计划311航次沉积物中自生黄铁矿及其硫稳定同位素研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
对综合大洋钻探计划(IODP)311航次652个岩心沉积物样品进行了自生黄铁矿颗粒筛选、显微形貌特征及其硫稳定同位素组成等初步研究。扫描电镜(SEM)照片显示黄铁矿以微球粒状和立方体状形貌产出,其成因与微生物作用和无机作用有关。黄铁矿的δ34SCDT值变化范围较大,从-35.4‰到+53.6‰,其成因与甲烷厌氧氧化作用(AOM)的关系密切。海水源为主的硫酸盐参与了沉积物上部的AOM过程,黄铁矿硫稳定同位素正偏的原因可能与较强的AOM作用和较多的残余硫酸盐参与有关。冷泉背景站位中黄铁矿的δ34SCDT值随着深度增加而增加,从浅表层的-35.83‰增加到深处的32.49‰,反映深处沉积物内黄铁矿形成过程中曾有过较多的残余硫酸盐参与还原,暗示其背景曾经是更高的甲烷通量和更强的AOM作用。研究结果提供了现代海洋天然气水合物背景下沉积物中自生黄铁矿及其硫稳定同位素特征记录,对于寻找我国海域天然气水合物资源,探索地史时期古海洋沉积物中甲烷事件记录具有重要的意义。 相似文献
24.
On the basis of the CTD data obtained within the Bering Sea shelf by the Second to Sixth Chinese National Arctic Research Expedition in the summers of 2003, 2008, 2010, 2012 and 2014, the classification and interannual variation of water masses on the central Bering Sea shelf and the northern Bering Sea shelf are analyzed. The results indicate that there are both connection and difference between two regions in hydrological features. On the central Bering Sea shelf, there are mainly four types of water masses distribute orderly from the slope to the coast of Alaska: Bering Slope Current Water(BSCW), MW(Mixed Water), Bering Shelf Water(BSW) and Alaska Coastal Water(ACW). In summer, BSW can be divided into Bering Shelf Surface Water(BSW_S) and Bering Shelf Cold Water(BSW_C). On the northern Bering Sea shelf near the Bering Strait,it contains Anadyr Water(AW), BSW and ACW from west to east. But the spatial-temporal features are also remarkable in each region. On the central shelf, the BSCW is saltiest and occupies the west of 177°W, which has the highest salinity in 2014. The BSW_C is the coldest water mass and warmest in 2014; the ACW is freshest and mainly occupies the east of 170°W, which has the highest temperature and salinity in 2012. On the northern Bering Sea shelf near the Bering Strait, the AW is saltiest with temperature decreasing sharply compared with BSCW on the central shelf. In the process of moving northward to the Bering Strait, the AW demonstrates a trend of eastward expansion. The ACW is freshest but saltier than the ACW on the central shelf,which is usually located above the BSW and is saltiest in 2014. The BSW distributes between the AW and the ACW and coldest in 2012, but the cold water of the BSW_C on the central shelf, whose temperature less than 0°C, does not exist on the northern shelf. Although there are so many changes, the respond to a climate change is synchronized in the both regions, which can be divided into the warm years(2003 and 2014) and cold years(2008, 2010 and 2012). The year of 2014 may be a new beginning of warm period. 相似文献
25.
天然气水合物发现区和潜在区气源成因 总被引：6，自引：5，他引：1
为探讨天然气水合物发现区的气源成因,对ODP 204航次4个站位58个沉积物样品进行5个温度点的生气量模拟实验,对各温度点产生的气体进行同位素测定。测试结果显示,在低温阶段（25 ℃、35 ℃、45 ℃）,甲烷的δ13C明显偏大,一般大于-40‰,显示出热解成因气的特征;而高温阶段（55 ℃）甲烷的δ13C为-75.5‰,显示出明显的生物成因气的特征。结合东沙海域天然气水合物潜在区气源成因的讨论,可以得出如下结论：天然气水合物的气源成因受控因素多,需要综合多种指标进行判别。 相似文献
26.
中国首次北极科学考察沿线气溶胶可溶性成分的分析 总被引：6，自引：3，他引：3
中国首次北极科学考察沿线采集的大气气溶胶样品可溶性成分分析表明,大气气溶胶的平均载量为195neq·m-3,Na+和Cl-的贡献为0%,NH4+和SO42-的贡献为27%,nssSO42-对SO42-的贡献为8%.气溶胶中阴、阳离子总量基本相当,大气环境呈中性.气溶胶中可溶性成分具有较强的纬度变化特征.根据离子的变化态势可将离子分为3大类,即1)Na+,Cl-,SO42-,K+,Mg2+,Ca2+;2)NH4+,NO3-;3)MSA.Na+和Cl-具有较好的线性关系,Cl-/Na+的当量浓度比为1.01,小于其在海水中的比值1.1.NH4+和NO3-的浓度随纬度的增加呈现减少的趋势,说明在低纬度近海岸地区人类活动的污染相当强烈.MSA的浓度在白令海区出现高值,与Shemya(52°N,174°E)站夏季浓度1.79±0.83neq·m-3(170±79ng·m-3)相当.通过与不同海区夏季释放DMS的通量对比,进一步证明了低温有利于DMS向MSA的转化. 相似文献
27.
中国南极考察航线上气旋大风过程统计分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
综合使用“雪龙”号走航气象观测数据、SeaSpace极轨卫星云图、ERA-Interim再分析数据，研究了中国第19～34次南极考察航线上由南大洋气旋导致的气旋大风过程，分析了其发生数量及时间间隔、强度和空间分布等特征，探讨了气旋大风发生间隔与南极涛动的关系。南大洋气旋对中国南极考察航线影响频繁且强烈，气旋大风过程数量与航次时长呈显著正相关，平均而言每个航次出现约18(4)次气旋大风过程(强过程)，平均每间隔6.5(30)天就出现一次；气旋大风过程中，过程风速平均达8级，最大可达12级。但气旋大风过程的数量、发生时间间隔、最大风速都存在较为明显的航次差异。气旋大风过程时间间隔与南半球夏季南极涛动指数呈负相关，且对于发生在55°S以南的过程负相关更为显著；南极涛动通过调整中高纬度风压带强弱,并影响气旋活动数量和活动区域，进而影响考察航线上气旋大风过程发生数量和频率。气旋大风过程可以发生在南大洋和极区内的任意航段，其中以45°～60°S绕极西风带内发生最为频繁，尤其易出现在气旋中心及其北侧与副热带高压配合产生的强梯度风区内。在4个重点考察海域中，由于阿蒙森低压的存在，阿蒙森海气旋大风过程和强过程发生最为频繁，其次是南极半岛海域，而普里兹湾和罗斯海气旋大风过程频率明显低于前两个海域，由于罗斯海最为偏南，不易受到气旋大风过程影响。 相似文献
28.
Subducted sediments play an important role in the magmatism at subduction zones and the formation of mantle heterogeneity, making them an important tracer for shallow crustal processes and deep mantle processes.Therefore, ascertaining the chemical compositions of different subduction end-members is a prerequisite for using subducted sediments to trace key geological processes. We reports here the comprehensive major and trace element analyses of 52 samples from two holes（U1414 A and U1381 C） dri... 相似文献
29.
第五次北极科学考察在北极区的白令海首次进行了高分辨率单道地震作业。Navarinsky峡谷头部测线BL11-12剖面中部识别出不对称沙波,陡的一面朝向陆架,波高约为9m、波长约为882m。结合站位U1345的沉积速率及站位U1344表层纵波速率推测沙波沉积可以追溯到中更新世(距今约0.258Ma),同时近陆架的洼地逐渐填平。将地层分为3个沉积层,分析沉积物变化情况,结合0.25Ma以来白令海海平面变化历史,推测最大海退事件对应的界面。结合沙波的地理位置及海平面变化情况,认为内波对沙波的形成起主要作用。 相似文献
30.
Heat flow was measured on the Lomonosov Ridge during the 5th Chinese National Arctic Expedition in 2012. To derive the time-temperature curve, resistivity data were transformed to temperature by the resistivity- temperature program. Direct reading and linear regression methods were used to calculate the equilibrium temperature, which were regressed against the depth of the probes in sediment to derive the geothermal gradient. Then, heat flow was calculated as the product of geothermal gradient and thermal conductivity of sediments. The heat flow values on the basis of the two methods were similar （i.e., 67.27 mW/m2 and 63.99 mW/m2, respectively）. The results are consistent with the measurements carried out at adjacent sites. The age of the Lomonosov Ridge predicted by the heat flow-age model was 62 Ma, which is in accordance with the inference that the ridge was separated from Eurasia at about 60 Ma. 相似文献