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141.
Heterogeneous shallow Plio-Quaternary formations of the Souss Plain represent the most important aquifer in southern High Atlas Mountains in Morocco. The present work was conducted in the Souss Upstream Basin to identify the chemical characteristics and the origin of groundwater in an aquifer under semi-arid climate. Isotopic and hydrochemical compositions combined with geological and hydrogeological data were used for this purpose. The total dissolved solids vary from 239 to 997 mg l−1, and the following groundwater types are recognized: Ca2+–Mg2+–HCO3−, Ca2+–Mg2+–SO42− and Ca2+–Mg2+–Cl−. The groundwater is saturated and slightly supersaturated with respect to carbonate minerals and undersaturated with respect to evaporite minerals, which means that the groundwater composition is largely controlled by the dissolution of carbonate rocks known in the basin. The isotopic contents of groundwaters ranged from −8‰ to −5.2‰ for δ18O, from −52‰ to −34‰ for δD, and from 0 to 5.5 TU for tritium. The hydrogen (δD) and oxygen (δ18O) isotope signatures reveal a significant infiltration before evaporation takes place, indicating a major recharge directly from fractures in the crystalline and limestone formations of Atlas Mountains (above 800 m a.s.l.) and infiltration of surface water in the alluvial cones at the border of the Atlas basins. The very low tritium values suggest that the groundwater recharge follows a long flow path and a mixing between old and modern water is shown. However, a slight evaporation effect is noted in the southern part of the basin close to the Anti-Atlas Mountains. 相似文献
142.
Prosenjit Ghosh S. K. Bhattacharya Ashok Sahni R. K. Kar D. M. Mohabey K. Ambwani 《Cretaceous Research》2003,24(6):743-750
A single locality of the Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) Lameta Formation at Pisdura in Central India has yielded a large number of coprolites attributed to titanosaurian dinosaurs. Internally the coprolites are dark grey and contain abundant plant tissues and other organic materials. The plant tissues are mostly of gymnospermous origin. In addition, remains of bacterial colonies, fungal spores and algae are seen in the macerated fraction under scanning electron microscope. The dark grey appearance is probably attributable to fine-grained organic matter within voids in tracheids or xylem. The average 13C/12C ratio of the organic matter in the coprolites is -24‰ (relative to PDB) suggesting that plants of C3type were the main diet of their producers. A comparison of δ15N value (about 4‰ w.r.t. air) of the coprolites with that of faecal matter of modern herbivores and carnivores suggests that gut fermentation may not have been an active mechanism in the digestion process of titanosaurs. 相似文献
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144.
Lake Bosumtwi is one of the most widely studied palaeoclimate archives in West Africa. Results from numerous AMS 14C dates of samples from four piston cores from Lake Bosumtwi show that an abrupt sedimentary transition from a mid-Holocene sapropel to calcareous laminated muds occurred at about 3200 cal yr B.P. High-resolution analyses of the nitrogen isotopic composition of organic matter across this transition confirm its abrupt nature, and suggest that the change may signal a step toward increased aridity and intensified surface winds that affected western equatorial Africa from Ghana to the Congo basin. Northern and Eastern Africa experienced a similar abrupt shift toward aridity during the late Holocene, but at about 5000 cal yr B.P., a difference in timing that illustrates the regional nature of climate changes during the Holocene and the importance of feedback mechanisms in regulating Holocene climate variability. Furthermore, an abrupt change at about 3000 cal yr B.P. occurs at several sites adjacent to the tropical and subtropical Atlantic, which may hint at major changes in the surface temperatures of the tropical Atlantic and/or Pacific at this time. 相似文献
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146.
中国若干固体矿床He、Ar同位素研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文以成矿阶段放物中的汉体包裹体为测定对象,研究了哀牢山金矿带内3个金矿床、马厂箐斑岩铜矿床、金顶铅-锌矿床和白云鄂博稀土-铌-铁矿床的He、Ar同位素组成。结果表明,He、Ar同位素对揭示成矿古流体的成因,具有灵敏感的示踪作用。 相似文献
147.
应用增量方法不仅能够从理论上准确计算所有固体矿物的O同位素分馏系数,而且能够定量预测;(1)热力学平衡条件下共生矿物之间的18O富集顺序;(2)岩石化学成分与O同位素组成之间的关系;(3)矿物结构变化对O同位素组成的影响;(4)同质多相转变和矿物反应中的氧同位素继承性。本文对这些规律性预测进行了概要性介绍,并给出实例予以说明。 相似文献
148.
安徽女山单斜辉石巨晶的地球化学 总被引:14,自引:0,他引:14
本文研究了安徽女山14个单斜辉石巨晶。它们属于铝普通辉石、透辉石和铁钠造辉石。主要元素、稀土和微量元素及同位素特征表明:它们是同一碱性玄武岩浆在幔源条件下不同程度结晶分异的产物,相对于寄主岩均属捕虏晶,可能自中生代即已开始形成。 相似文献
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150.
Tan Ming Qin Xiaoguang Liu Tungsheng Laboratory of Speleothem Paleoclimatology Institute of Geology CAS Beijing People’s Republic of China 《地理学报(英文版)》1997,(3)
I.IntroductionStalagmiteshavebeenappliedtouseashighresolutionpaleoclimaticindicatorssincetheannualgrowthbandingwasrecognizedinstalagmites[1,2].Annualgrowthbandingcanbemanifestedinseveralmannersdefinedby1)alternatingfluorescentandnon-fluorescentcalcite[3,4];2)… 相似文献