High-purity quartz mineralisation in kyanite quartzites,Norway     

Axel Müller  Peter M. Ihlen  Jan Egil Wanvik  Belinda Flem 《Mineralium Deposita》2007,42(5):523-535

This study presents an evaluation of Norwegian kyanite quartzites from Gullsteinberget, Knøsberget, Kjeksberget, Sormbrua, Tverrådalen, Juovva?orrú and Nasafjellet as potential deposits of high-purity quartz (HPQ) for use as raw material for special applications in high-technology industries. Fine-grained quartz, which forms 70 to 85 vol.% of these rocks, generally contains less than 50 μg g^?1 (total sum) of the structurally incorporated trace elements B, Li, Al, Ge, Ti, Fe, Mn, K and P. The concentrations are in the same range as those found in HPQ products, which are being mined and produced in Norway and elsewhere. Quartz analyses were performed using laser ablation–inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Complimentary whole-rock analyses and cathodoluminescence studies of quartz were carried out to reveal processes, which have led to the low trace-element concentrations in quartz. This discovery, together with a better knowledge of the processes leading to the formation of HPQ in kyanite quartzites, could lead to the recognition of a new global type of HPQ resource applicable for industrial use. However, the processing technology necessary to separate HPQ from kyanite quartzite economically has not been developed so far.  相似文献   

内蒙古中部小南沟-明星沟地区新太古代TTG岩系及其地质意义     

张永清张有宽  郑宝军徐国权韩建刚  母吉君张履桥 《岩石学报》2006,22(11):2762-2768

内蒙古中部小南沟-明星沟地区出露一套新太古代片理化石英闪长岩和片理化英云闪长岩,岩石化学成分富 SiO_2、Al_2O_3、Na_2O、Ba、Sr、Mg~#和 LREE,而贫 Yb、Y 和 HREE,具有 Adakite(埃达克岩)及 TTG 岩系的特征,空间上与新太古界色尔腾山岩群绿岩密切伴生。在石英闪长岩体中获得2组锆石 U-Pb 等时线年龄为2575±1Ma 和2541±30Ma,是新太古代形成于板块消减带之上的洋壳部分熔融产物,对研究该地区地球早期演化和板块构造起源具有重要意义。  相似文献   

Comment on “The magmatic-hydrothermal transition—evidence from quartz porphyritic textures and endoskarn abundance in Cu-Zn skarns at the Empire Mine, Idaho, USA” by Z. Chang and L.D. Meinert, Chem. Geol. (2004) 210, 149-171     

Michael J. Nicholl  Thomas Williams 《Chemical Geology》2006,228(4):286-288

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Gold and sulphide minerals in Tertiary quartz pebble conglomerate gold placers, Southland, New Zealand     

D.M. Falconer  D. Craw  J.H. Youngson  K. Faure 《Ore Geology Reviews》2006,28(4):525

Auriferous quartz pebble conglomerates (QPC) formed during Tertiary sedimentary recycling in the Waimumu district, Southland, New Zealand. These sediments contain fine-grained gold of detrital origin with abundant surface textures and gold-forms associated with authigenic gold remobilisation. Most authigenic gold contains no detectable silver and occurs as overgrowths on detrital Au–Ag and Au–Ag–Hg alloys that contain up to 13 wt.% Ag, and 9 wt.% Hg. Fine-grained Au–Ag and Au–Ag–Hg alloys are compositionally heterogeneous, exhibiting both well-defined silver-depleted and silver-enriched rims. Rare coarse Au–Ag alloy is intergrown with quartz and is homogenous. Discrete grains of authigenic, porous, sheet-like gold occur in carbonaceous mudstone within a QPC sequence. Some QPC contain abundant sulphide minerals. Some of these sulphides (pyrite and arsenopyrite) are of long-distance detrital origin, presumably from the Otago Schist, whereas the bulk of the sulphide suite is marcasite of variably transported diagenetic origin, derived from the erosion of QPC and underlying Tertiary sediments. There has also been authigenic deposition of sulphide minerals in the QPC themselves. These diagenetic sulphides include framboidal and anhedral marcasite, and framboidal and euhedral pyrite. Sulphur isotope data for the sulphide minerals range from − 45‰ to + 18‰ (relative to VCDT). Sulphur isotope data for euhedral detrital pyrite and arsenopyrite range from − 9‰ to − 1‰ and are most likely derived from the Otago Schist to the north. Both framboidal and anhedral marcasite have lower values (< − 20‰) reflecting microbial sulphate reduction as a source for the precursor hydrogen sulphide. Anhedral marcasite contains elevated concentrations of Ni, Co, As and Cr, commonly with compositional banding of these metals.Both the gold and diagenetic sulphides from the Belle-Brook QPC are compositionally similar to gold and sulphides from Archaean QPC. Porous, sheet-like authigenic gold is morphologically similar to gold associated with carbonaceous material in the Witwatersrand. In addition, Southland marcasite textures resemble the rounded and banded pyrite in Witwatersrand QPC placers. There is abundant evidence from these Tertiary QPC in southern New Zealand for sedimentary transport of sulphide minerals and post-depositional sulphide mineralisation in the surficial environment despite an oxygen-rich atmosphere. These young deposits thus provide an example of authigenic gold and sulphide textures formed during diagenesis in unmetamorphosed placers. Many of these textures are similar to those commonly ascribed to metamorphic processes in Archaean auriferous QPC.  相似文献   

Stiffness degradation of natural fine grained soils during cyclic loading   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

D.V. Okur  A. Ansal   《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2007,27(9):843-854

Cyclic behavior of natural fine grained soils under a broad range of strains were investigated considering the effects of plasticity index and changes in confining pressures based on cyclic triaxial tests. A total of 98 stress controlled cyclic triaxial tests were conducted on normally consolidated and slightly overconsolidated samples. The investigation was divided into two parts. The first part consists of stress controlled cyclic triaxial tests under different stress amplitudes that were conducted to estimate the modulus reduction and the thresholds between nonlinear elastic, elasto-plastic and viscoplastic behavior. The second part involves the investigation of the undrained stress–strain behavior of fine grained soils under irregular cyclic loadings. The results showed that the elastic threshold is approximately equal to 90% of G_max. Another transition point was defined as the flow threshold where the value of tangent of shear modulus ratio changes for the second time. Simple empirical relationships to estimate the dynamic shear modulus and damping ratio was formulated and compared with the similar empirical relationships proposed in the literature. The results provide useful guidelines for preliminary estimation of dynamic shear modulus and damping ratio values for fine grained soils based on laboratory tests.  相似文献   

Spectroscopic characterization of geological materials from the United Arab Emirates     

Karim N. Jallad  Cyntia Espada-Jallad 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2008,1(2):119-127

Throughout the United Arab Emirates, the sand differs in color and composition, depending on its source. This study reports the collection of 70 sediment samples from coastal district areas of seven emirates in the United Arab Emirates, namely, Abu Dhabi, Dubai, Sharjah, Ajman, Umm Al Quwain, Ras Al-Khaimah, and Fujairah for the purposes of spectroscopic characterization and color justification. The compositions of these naturally occurring sand samples obtained were tested using different spectroscopic techniques. The techniques included both destructive instrumentation as scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray analysis and X-ray powder diffraction and nondestructive instrumentation as confocal Raman microscopy. It was concluded that the sand can acquire various colors ranging from white to black due to the presence of certain chemical compounds.  相似文献   

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON DEFORMATION FABRICS OF QUARTZ AND CALCITE IN SHEAR ZONE          下载免费PDF全文

Ma Sheng-li  Ma Jin 《地震地质》1987,9(4):10

Frictional experiments of samples with quartz and calcite sandwich have been operated under certain confining pressures, strain rate and different temperatures. Samples deformed and undeformed have been studied by means of microscope, TEM, and U-Stage. On the basis of this, changes of deformation micro-structures and fabrics of quartz and calcite aggragates with temperatures under condition of simple shear have been analyzed  相似文献   

Eolian dust deposition on the Giara di Gesturi basalt plateau,Sardinia     

J. Sevink  E. A. Kummer 《地球表面变化过程与地形》1984,9(4):357-364

Mineralogical study of samples from depression fills on an isolated basalt plateau in Central Sardinia showed that, although the basalt is free of quartz and mica, fair amounts of these minerals occur in the finer fractions. Results from X-ray analyses of silt fractions and morphoscopical analyses of sand fractions indicate that the bulk of the quartz and mica is of eolian origin. The eolian quartz is predominantly of medium and coarse silt size and, in the upper 10 cm of the depression fills, constitutes about 20 per cent of the soil mass (approx. 20 kg/m²). Eolian mica is present in smaller amounts and is of medium silt or smaller size. The provenance of the eolian material could not be established with certainty, although a local origin can be excluded.  相似文献   

2015年北京田径世锦赛开幕式天气的精细化预报与方法     

王华  郭金兰  仲跻芹  时少英  刘卓  何娜 《沙漠与绿洲气象(新疆气象)》2018,12(5):10-15

重大活动关键时段的定点预报一直是天气预报服务的难点,因此对2015年北京田径世锦赛开幕式天气的预报思路和方法进行分析总结,结果表明开幕式天气采取了时间、空间逐步递进的精细化预报思路,每个阶段的预报重点、使用的预报方法和信息资料是不同的。短期预报以天气诊断和数值预报方法为主,应用多尺度数值模式和集合预报产品,预报出开幕式当天在东北冷涡背景下北京东部的强对流天气和鸟巢出现弱降水的可能性;短时临近预报依据高时空分辨率的探测资料、快速更新的同化产品和中尺度模式,采用多资料融合技术,对稳定度、水汽和阵风锋等多要素综合分析,预判雷暴的生消变化,跟进预报了开幕式鸟巢地区无降水,保障活动顺利举行。  相似文献   

The sediment properties of glacial diamicts from the Jutulsessen area of Gjelsvikfjella,East Antarctica: A reflection of source materials and regional climate     

《Polar Science》2014,8(3):264-282

The glacial diamicts deposited in the Jutulsessen area of Gjelsvikfjella, Dronning Maud Land, East Antarctica show the effects of localized meltwater channels and wind processes, as well as of the dominant glacial processes. These glacial sediments are characterized by poor sorting and a variable mean particle size, and the localized meltwater channels have removed silt- and clay-sized sediments, resulting in the relative enrichment of coarser sediments. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of clay minerals in samples collected across the study area show very similar characteristics. Biotite is the dominant mica mineral in the clay together with chlorite and K-feldspar. The presence of illite, and small amounts of smectite, demonstrates the limited extent of chemical weathering due to the cold and arid conditions. The samples from the glacial fan area contain mixed-layer clays, suggesting the effects of localized meltwater and limited chemical activity which has altered the crystal structure of biotite at lower topographic level. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis of surface microtextures from representative quartz grains suggest the dominance of glacial and glaciofluvial processes. The low rates of biogenic activity in this area are indicated by the low total organic carbon (TOC) content of the sediments.  相似文献