Passive control of offshore jacket platforms   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

K.C. Patil  R.S. Jangid   《Ocean Engineering》2005,32(16):1630-1949

The wave-induced dynamic force is one of the most important excitations to be dealt with in the design of offshore structures. In order to perform a reliable design of an offshore structure, it is important to obtain an exact evaluation of its dynamic response but also to examine the ways of reducing the response. This paper presents the response of offshore jacket platforms installed with energy dissipation devices such as viscoelastic, viscous and friction dampers under wave loading. The offshore jacket platforms are modeled as multi-degrees-of-freedom system provided with dampers at each floor location. The wave forces are modeled as per Morison's equation. The governing equations of motion of the jacket platform with dampers are derived and their solution in the frequency domain is presented. The uni-directional random wave loading is expressed by the Pierson-Muskowitz spectrum. The response of the jacket platform with viscoelastic, viscous and friction dampers is compared with the corresponding response without dampers in order to investigate the effectiveness of the passive control systems. It is observed that the additional dampers add substantial damping to structure and thus favorably control the response of platform structure. Among the various energy dissipation devices used for study, the viscoelastic dampers perform better in comparison to the other dampers. This is due to the fact that the added viscoelastic dampers contribute to increased viscous damping as well as lateral stiffness which reduces the response of the offshore jacket platforms significantly.  相似文献   

Hull component interaction and scaling for TLP hydrodynamic coefficients     

James J. O'Kane  Armin W. Troesch  Krish P. Thiagarajan 《Ocean Engineering》2002,29(5):513-532

The purpose of this paper is to validate a new method that can be used by offshore platform designers to estimate the added mass and hydrodynamic damping coefficients of potential Tension Leg Platform hull configurations. These coefficients are critical to the determination of the platform response particularly to high frequency motions in heave caused by sum-frequency wave forcing i.e. “springing”. Previous research has developed the means by which offshore platform designers can extrapolate anticipated full-scale hydrodynamic coefficients based on the response of individual model scale component shapes. The work presented here further evaluates the component scaling laws for a single vertical cylinder and quantifies the effects due to hydrodynamic interaction. Hydrodynamic interaction effects are established through a direct comparison between the superposition of individual hull component coefficients and those evaluated directly from complete hull configuration models. The basis of this comparison is established by the experimental evaluation of the hydrodynamic coefficients for individual hull components as well as partial and complete platform models. The results indicate that hydrodynamic interaction effects between components are small in heave, and validate component scaling and superposition as an effective means for added mass and damping coefficient estimation of prototype platforms. It is found that the dependency of damping ratio with KC for a TLP is almost identical to that of a single column, thus offering a scaling methodology for prototype damping ratio values.  相似文献   

风暴潮和天文潮条件下的底摩擦的研究     

虞旭日  汪景庸 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》1991,(4)

由海底摩擦与平均流速的平方成正比的公式,对底摩擦的性质(主要对拖曳系数C_0)进行讨论。研究在风暴潮和天文潮的条件下,海底摩擦与风速,风向和海深等因素的关系,得到有关奇异区的存在等结论,说明在整个海区内拖曳系数不为常数。  相似文献   

断层带中假玄武玻璃成因机制及非稳态流变意义     

李文元  曹淑云 《地质论评》2022,68(1):2022010004-2022010004

假玄武玻璃呈玻璃质或隐晶质特性,常常与断层带相伴出现,其形成能有效地降低断层摩擦强度,被认为是古地震快速滑动的化石纪录。因此,对假玄武玻璃的研究对深入了解深部就位的断层变形和地震成因机制等具有重要意义。尽管国内外学者对假玄武玻璃开展了长期的研究,也积累了丰富的资料,然而,由于天然假玄武玻璃非常少见或零星地被报道,再加上其形成环境和过程的复杂性,对假玄武玻璃的构造特征、形成环境和成因机制仍然存在诸多争议及亟待解决的关键科学问题。研究表明,假玄武玻璃可以发育在大陆岩石圈不同深度范围内,即中下地壳乃至上地幔以糜棱岩为主的韧性变形领域（>60 km）,或中上地壳层次以碎裂岩为主的脆性变形域（<12 km）。越来越多证据也显示出在断层带的脆—韧性转换域中形成的假玄武玻璃跟浅源地震活动直接关联,也意味着中上地壳脆性变形和中下地壳塑性变形之间存在着更为复杂的耦合关联,同时对不同深部岩石强度和力学行为提出了挑战。对假玄武玻璃形成机制存在由断层面上的摩擦热导致的摩擦熔融体或仅仅是断层面岩石超碎裂粉碎作用认识的争议。而有研究认为干的环境有利于假玄武玻璃形成,因为流体的存在会降低断层面的有效正应力,不利于热量的积累以及摩擦熔融的进行;然而,另外一种观点认为流体的存在可以降低矿物熔融温度有利于断层摩擦熔融及形成假玄武玻璃。本文从假玄武玻璃的形成机制、形成深度、流体影响、形成后对断层强度的影响、以及保存与破坏机制几方面进行了最新总结,并对假玄武玻璃中非晶态物质的成因、脆—韧性转换带之下岩石的变形机制以及对陆壳强度的影响和非稳态流变意义进行探讨。  相似文献   

锚杆支护在华能大厦基坑中的应用及提高锚杆抗拔力的措施     

陈喜友 《城市地质》2015,(Z2):38-41

本文以华能大厦基坑工程为例,根据场地工程地质条件、水文地质条件,周边环境设施,结合工程条件及施工经验,对华能基坑工程中锚杆施工的钻进工艺、灌浆工艺等方面进行了改进,从而提高锚杆的抗拔力。  相似文献   

Linear and non-linear approaches to predict the Darcy-Weisbach friction factor of overland flow using the extreme learning machine approach     

Kiyoumars Roushangar  Saba Mirza Alipour  Dominique Mouaze 《国际泥沙研究》2018,33(4):415-432

In modeling of overland flow and erosion, the overland flow friction factor (f), is a crucial factor. Due to the importance of a good understanding of f and its variability, the current study aimed to investigate the capability of non-linear approaches to estimate the Darcy-Weisbach friction factor of overland flow and its components (sediment transport, wave, form, and grain friction factors) through the Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) approach. Four datasets were used herein which were obtained from flume experiments done by different researchers. In order to investigate the effects of different parameters on the friction factor, numerous models consisting of various parameters were utilized to predict the friction factor using the ELM approach. The modeling procedure was established in two stages; the first stage aimed to model the overland flow friction factor and investigate the effect of the different parameters on the friction factor using non-linear separation via the ELM approach. In the second stage, the friction factor was linearly separated into different types of friction factors and then the separate components were estimated. Sensitivity analysis results confirmed the key role of Froude number (Fr) values for most of the models. On the other hand, the results obtained for estimated values of the friction factor were acceptable and outperformed available empirical approaches.  相似文献   

基于数值流形法的反倾层状岩质边坡倾倒破坏分析     

王欢欢  郭明珠 《震灾防御技术》2021,16(2):346-351

边坡破坏是累积性过程,从变形到破坏的过程中会产生永久位移,如果永久位移过大,极有可能产生滑坡.因此根据不同工况下采集到的位移数据,分析地震作用下反倾层状岩质边坡在不同内摩擦角下的破坏特征.利用二维数值流形法(NMM),以青藏高原金沙江流域西藏昌都地区芒康县索多西乡贡扎倾倒滑坡为研究对象,依据实地考察数据及室内力学试验得...  相似文献   

Revisited Vanoni-Brooks sidewall correction     

Nian-Sheng CHENG  Assoc.Prof 《国际泥沙研究》2011,(4):524-528

The evaluation of the sidewall friction could be inconvenient in the implement of the Vanoni-Brooks sidewall correction procedure.Using the Colebrook-White equation and Nikuradse’s pipe friction data,two explicit formulae are developed in this note for finding the sidewall friction factor.They are applicable for various sidewalls that are either hydrodynamically-smooth or rough,or in the transitional regime.  相似文献   

地震强度分布不均匀性的摩擦时间依从CA模型   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2  

刘桂萍  傅征祥 《地震》2001,21(2):22-28

设计一个摩擦时间依从的地震活动性细胞自动机模型（CA），研究产生地震累积频度-震级关系曲线中，出现拐点的地震强度分布不均匀现象的物理原因。外界通过应力加载向模型输入能量，模型的细胞之间存在非线性的相互作用。对比分析规定单个细胞破裂与模型地震之间不同的决定规则时产生的地震序列的累积频度-震级关系，研究结果表明，地震的级联破裂方式是引起累积频度-震级关系在震级较低范围和震级较高范围之间不连续的因素之一。  相似文献   

热带西太平洋海气交换系数订正          下载免费PDF全文

曲维政  李若钝 《应用气象学报》1993,4(2):218-225

在计算海-气感热通量、潜热通量和动量通量时，因气象要素的测量高度不一致而带来的热交换系数cT、蒸发系数cE和摩擦系数 cυ的偏差，给计算结果带来一定的影响。文章介绍一种高度订正方法，对cT、cE、cυ的值加以订正，从而提高了计算准确性。计算结果表明，系数订正后的误差可减小9%—11%。  相似文献