华北地台南缘燕山期板内花岗斑岩类地球化学特征及成分空间变化规律   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6       下载免费PDF全文

李泽九  骆庭川  张本仁 《地球科学》1994,3(3)

华北地台南缘燕山期花岗斑岩类小岩体形成于大陆板内环境,它具有类似岛弧—活动大陆边缘钙碱系列岩石地球化学特征,其成分在空间上呈现极性特征。本文探讨了这种成分极性与中、新生代俯冲带花岗岩类的可比性,并根据锶、钕同位素资料揭示成岩物质的可能来源及造成成分空间变化的可能原因。  相似文献   

扬子克拉通北缘新元古代岛弧花岗岩类成分极性及成因的地球化学探讨   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3  

张宏飞  骆庭川  张本仁  凌文黎 《地球科学》1994,3(2)

对扬子克拉通北缘新元古代岛弧花岗岩类成分极性的地球化学研究表明,在SiO_2含量相近的条件下,由北向南岩石中K_2O、K_2O+Na_2O、K_2O/Na_2O逐渐增加,而CaO逐渐降低;从北向南,微量元素Rb、Ba、Th、Zr、Nb、Ta、 ∑REE及Rb/Th、Rb/Nb、∑LREE/∑HREE、(La/Yb)_N 逐渐增加或具增加趋势,而 Sr、Co、Ni和Sr/Ba具逐渐降低或具降低趋势;同位素组成由北向南δ~18O、εs_r(t)系统增高,而ε_(Nd)(t)逐渐降低。这些组分的空间变化规律与环太平洋带位于俯冲带上盘向陆一侧的岛弧或大陆边缘岩浆中出现的成分极性规律相一致.分析认为,大陆壳物质以不同比例的加入是影响俯冲带岛弧花岗质岩浆成分极性的一个重要因素,向陆一侧岩浆中陆壳物质所占的比例逐渐增高,而幔源物质所占比例逐渐降低。  相似文献   

论中国含油气区的构造环境性质、分区及其成油气专属性   总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13  

陶明信 《地球科学进展》2001,16(6):746-754

在前中生代,形成了华北、扬子和塔里木等较大的海相及海陆交互相含油气区（盆地）,构造格架呈南北分异。经海西-印支运动,形成统一的中国大陆板块,且整体构造格架演变为东西分异。根据盆地结构、构造变形样式、岩浆活动、地温场、壳幔结构及壳幔连通程度等方面的特征,论述了中、新生代中国含油气区的大地构造环境性质与含油气特征。据此划分出 4个具有不同构造环境性质的含油气区：①东部裂谷伸展区,其西带为华夏裂谷系,以产下第三系和白垩系原油为主,东带为大陆架裂谷系,以产下第三系煤型气为主;②中部克拉通构造稳定区,以产古生界天然气为主;③西北构造反转区,含油气层系较多,油气成因类型也多样;④特提斯碰撞-走滑区,构造变形复杂,部分地区具有较好的油气资源前景。进一步讨论了油气形成的"构造环境专属性"问题。  相似文献   

华北陆块南部熊耳群火山岩的地球化学特征与成因   总被引：16，自引：12，他引：16  

金成伟  翟明国  夏斌  周美夫  赵太平 《岩石学报》2002,18(1):56-69

分布于华北陆块南部的熊耳群火山岩由玄武质到流纹质火山岩组成,并以玄武安山岩、安山岩为主,次为英安-流纹岩,SiO2=62％±的岩石较少,显示双峰特点。中基性熔岩的主要造岩矿物是辉石和斜长石,没有角闪石和黑云母,表明熊耳群火山岩形成于相对无水的环境。岩石地球化学上的显著特点是,富K2O、FeO,低Al2O3、MgO、CaO;富含大离子亲石元素(LILE,如K、Rb、Ba)和轻稀土元素(LREE),相对亏损高场强元素(HFSE,Nb、Ta、Ti),表现出岛弧型火山岩的地球化学亲合性。文中详细的岩石地球化学证据表明,熊耳群火山岩具有岛弧型地球化学特征的主要原因是其地幔源区遭受俯冲带组分的改造,而岩浆在上升到地表的过程中混染地壳物质是次要的。基于熊耳群及下伏结晶基底的地质学和地球化学特征,表明熊耳群形成于夭折的三叉裂谷环境,推断俯冲带组分的改造和富集事件发生在华北陆块南部古元古代大陆壳的形成和 拼贴过程中,由于洋壳和地壳物质再循环到上地幔中,使陆下岩石圈地幔源区富集LILE、LREE并亏损HFSE。熊耳期岩浆作用正是源于这样的保留有早期俯冲带组分改造特征的陆下岩石圈富集地幔。  相似文献   

华北克拉通北部地区古-中元古代富碱侵入岩年代学及意义   总被引：9，自引：15，他引：9  

任康绪阎国翰蔡剑辉  牟保磊李凤棠王彦斌储著银 《岩石学报》2006,22(2):377-386

本文报道华北克拉通北部燕辽三叉裂堑系和辽-吉拗拉谷内一系列古-中元古代富碱侵入岩的锆石U-Pb年龄。这些岩体整体呈近东西向分布，与该地区同期发育的其他非造山球斑花岗岩、斜长岩和大红裕组火山岩都形成于拉张性构造环境，并构成了一条长近千公里的迄今国内外最古老的富碱侵入岩带。该富碱侵入岩带具有东部较老（〉1．8Ga）和西部年轻（1．7Ga左右）的特点，它提供了华北克拉通在1．85—1．70Ga期间处于裂解构造格局的最好证据，丰富了全球性前寒武纪超大陆裂解的研究内容。  相似文献   

What Happened in the Trans-North China Orogen in the Period 2560-1850 Ma？   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

Guochun ZHAO LIU Shuwen Min SUN LI Sanzhong Simon WILDE Xiaoping XIA Jian ZHANG Yanhong HE 《《地质学报》英文版》2006,80(6):790-806

The Trans-North China Orogen （TNCO） was a Paleoproterozic continent-continent collisional belt along which the Eastern and Western Blocks amalgamated to form a coherent North China Craton （NCC）. Recent geological, structural, geochemical and isotopic data show that the orogen was a continental margin or Japan-type arc along the western margin of the Eastern Block, which was separated from the Western Block by an old ocean, with eastward-directed subduction of the oceanic lithosphere beneath the western margin of the Eastern Block. At 2550-2520 Ma, the deep subduction caused partial melting of the medium-lower crust, producing copious granitoid magma that was intruded into the upper levels of the crust to form granitoid plutons in the low- to medium-grade granite-greeustone terranes. At 2530-2520 Ma, subduction of the oceanic lithosphere caused partial melting of the mantle wedge, which led to underplating of mafic magma in the lower crust and widespread mafic and minor felsic volcanism in the arc, forming part of the greenstone assemblages. Extension driven by widespread mafic to felsic volcanism led to the development of back-arc and/or intra-arc basins in the orogen. At 2520-2475 Ma, the subduction caused further partial melting of the lower crust to form large amounts of tonalitic-trondhjemitic-granodioritic （TTG） magmatism. At this time following further extension of back-arc basins, episodic granitoid magmatism occurred, resulting in the emplacement of 2360 Ma, -2250 Ma 2110-21760 Ma and -2050 Ma granites in the orogen. Contemporary volcano-sedimentary rocks developed in the back-arc or intra-are basins. At 2150-1920 Ma, the orogen underwent several extensional events, possibly due to subduction of an oceanic ridge, leading to emplacement of mafic dykes that were subsequently metamorphosed to amphibolites and medium- to high-pressure mafic granulites. At 1880-1820 Ma, the ocean between the Eastern and Western Blocks was completely consumed by subduction, and the dosing of the ocean led to the continent-arc-continent collision, which caused large-scale thrusting and isoclinal folds and transported some of the rocks into the lower crustal levels or upper mantle to form granulites or eclogites. Peak metamorphism was followed by exhumation/uplift, resulting in widespread development of asymmetric folds and symplectic textures in the rocks.  相似文献   

Biomediation of calcrete at the gold anomaly of the Barns prospect,Gawler Craton,South Australia     

Andreas Schmidt Mumm  Frank Reith 《Journal of Geochemical Exploration》2007

Anomalously high Au concentrations (2.5 to 50 ppb) in regolith carbonate accumulations, such as calcrete and calcareous sands in aeolian sand dunes overlying Au mineralisation of the Gawler Craton, South Australia, show a marked covariance of Au with K, Mg and most notably Ca. This relationship appears to be linked to the authigenic formation of smectites and carbonates within the aeolian dunes in the region. However, little is known about the processes involved in the formation of carbonates under semi-arid and arid conditions. In this study the geochemical properties of aeolian dunes along several depth profiles of 2 to 4 m are investigated in order to assess the relationship between Au mobility and calcrete formation. In the profiles a strongly systematic relationship between Au and the increasing Ca–Mg contents at depth highlights the close association between the enrichment of Au in the calcrete and the underlying hydrothermal mineralisation. Intense calcrete formation and concurrent Au enrichment also occurs in the vicinity of roots penetrating the dune. Thin section petrography and cathodoluminescence show that most of the calcrete in the regolith profiles is micritic; some sparic crystallites have also been identified. To demonstrate the presence of microbial processes that may mediate the formation of calcrete, samples from a depth profile in the dune were taken under sterile conditions. After amendment with urea and incubation of up to 24 h, up to 18 mg/l of NH₄⁺ were detected in near surface samples. At depth of 2.3 m 1 mg/l NH₄⁺ were detected compared to a control that contained below 0.05 mg/l NH₄⁺. These results suggest that the genesis of calcrete and pedogenic carbonate in the area may be partly biologically mediated via processes such as the metabolic breakdown of urea by resident microbiota which generates a pH and pCO₂ environment conducive to the precipitation of carbonate. In the process of urea breakdown organic Au complexes such as Au-amino acid complexes may become destabilised in solution and Au may be co-precipitated, resulting in the fine, non-particulate distribution of Au throughout the micritic calcrete carbonate. In conclusion, this study suggests a coupled mechanism of biologically mediated and inorganic mechanisms that lead to the formation of Au-in-calcrete anomalies.  相似文献   

大陆科学钻探先导孔（CCSD—P1）橄榄岩地幔属性及动力学意义     

郑建平汤华云  张志海余淳梅张瑞生  路凤香杨经绥 李天福 《现代地质》2007,21(2):275-285

早中生代的扬子大陆向华北大陆的深俯冲碰撞作用以及中、新生代的华北东部岩石圈减薄作用是国际大陆动力学问题研究的两个热点。然而，把它们有机联系起来，探讨深部岩石圈演化动力学过程的研究还很少。报道了中国大陆科学钻探先导孔（CCSD-PP1）橄榄岩的矿物岩石化学分析结果。这些橄榄岩亏损玄武质组分（如低w（CaO＋Al2O3）、高Mg^#等），并经历了中元古代来自软流圈的碳酸岩熔体的交代作用和早中生代的超高压再平衡过程。结合已发表的华北捕虏体橄榄岩资料，对这一橄榄岩的原始地幔属性进行了分析。发现CCSD-PP1橄榄岩与华北古老岩石圈地幔组成相似，是早中生代来自华北岩石圈的构造侵入体。早中生代华北岩石圈的伸展减薄与苏鲁超高压变质岩石的折返提供了早期软流圈物质上涌的构造体制。  相似文献   

华北克拉通东部含金刚石金伯利岩的侵位年龄和Sr-Nd-Hf同位素地球化学特征   总被引：9，自引：1，他引：9  

张宏福  杨岳衡 《岩石学报》2007,23(2):285-294

本文首次报道了我国华北克拉通内部金伯利岩中金云母巨晶的Ar-Ar同位素年龄和含金刚石金伯利岩的Hf同位素组成特征,并结合金伯利岩的Sr-Nd同位素组成特征对华北金伯利岩的岩石成因及其构造背景进行了探讨。金伯利岩中金云母巨晶的年代学分析显示华北克拉通内部的蒙阴和复县金伯利岩具有一致的侵位年龄,约465±2Ma。这与以前发表的金伯利岩中钙钛矿的U-Pb年龄和金云母的Rb-Sr等时线年龄一致。Sr-Nd同位素结果表明蒙阴和复县金伯利岩皆具有很小的Nd同位素变化范围(ε_(Nd)分别为-0.4～0.2和-3.4～-2.3)。然而,这些金伯利岩却具有极大的Sr同位素组成范围(I_(Sr)分布为-0.2～28.1和0～75)。其中复县比蒙阴金伯利岩具有较低的Nd同位素和更宽的Sr同位素组成。Hf同位素分析结果表明蒙阴和复县两岩区内部各金伯利岩岩管具有非常一致的铪同位素组成,类似于Nd同位素组成特征,其中蒙阴金伯利岩的~(176)Hf/~(177)Hf初始值为0.282474～0.282416,相应的ε_(Hf)值为-2.37～-0.30;复县金伯利岩的~(176)Hf/~(177)Hf初始值为0.282305～0.282369;相应的ε_(Hf)值为-6.29～-4.04。这说明蒙阴金伯利岩与复县金伯利岩相比具有较高的Hf同位素组成。结合Sr-Nd同位素组成,暗示蒙阴和复县金伯利岩的Hf同位素组成的不同可能反映金伯利岩岩浆形成时软流圈、岩石圈地幔以及俯冲的洋壳物质参与比例的不同。Sr-Nd-Hf同位素特征说明我国华北古生代金伯利岩的形成同样与华北用边的古大洋岩石圈向华北内部俯冲作用有关。  相似文献   

山西吕梁地区古元古界小两岭组火山岩地球化学特征及其地质意义   总被引：1，自引：6，他引：1  

徐勇航  赵太平彭澎  翟明国漆亮 罗彦 《岩石学报》2007,23(5):1123-1132

山西吕梁地区古元古界小两岭组火山岩角度不整合于华北克拉通结晶基底之上,主要由玄武-安山岩、英安-流纹岩组成,SiO_2含量57%～63%的火山岩很少。岩石富集大离子亲石元素(Ba、K等)和轻稀土元素,相对亏损高场强元素(Nb、Ta等)。主、微量元素及Nd同位素地球化学特征表明:玄武-安山岩与英安-流纹岩为同源岩浆产物,成分间隙的产生由分离结晶作用导致;岛弧型火山岩地球化学特征产生的原因主要不是由于地壳的混染,而是继承于受俯冲组分改造的岩石圈富集地幔。对小两岭组顶部流纹岩中的锆石进行激光探针等离子体质谱(LA-ICP-MS)年龄测试,表明火山岩形成于1779±20Ma (~(207)Pb/~(206)Pb)。通过对小两岭组火山岩与熊耳群火山岩的地层层位、岩相学、地球化学和Nd同位素特征的对比,以及年代学方面的证据,表明小两岭组火山岩与熊耳群火山岩相当,是同期岩浆活动在不同空间的产物,都形成于大陆裂谷环境,可能与地幔柱有关。  相似文献