内蒙千里山太古代蒸发岩：常量元素、微量元素及硫同位素证据     

阎月华  吴毅 《岩石学报》2002,18(4):531-538

华北内蒙千里山铁矿的方柱石透辉石岩非常发育，根据与国外其他太古代同类岩石对比可知，这种岩石是太古代变质蒸发岩。无论岩石类型，矿物组合还是岩石化学与矿物化学成分都与已知的太古代蒸发岩相吻合。用微量元素Ba-Sr判别泥质岩属于半咸水沉积。特别是含矿岩系的S同位素成分分析更证明千里山铁矿是蒸发岩成因。其黄铁矿样品中δ^34S最大值为5．7‰，最小值为－1．3‰，平均值为1．4‰，方柱石样品δ^34S最大值为2．3‰，最小值为2．1‰平均值为2．2‰。两种样品的δ^34S相差不大，而且都接近0值。接近原始海洋S同位素成分。这也从另一侧面证明了千里山铁矿是太古代蒸发岩成因。  相似文献   

Early Proterozoic 87Rb-86Sr Model Ages of Pegmatitic Muscovite from Rare Metal-bearing Granite-Pegamtite System of Kawadgaon, Bastar Craton, Central India     

Yamuna Singh  T. Chabria 《Gondwana Research》2002,5(4):889-893

Seven muscovite mica separates from the rare metal pegmatites of Kawadgaon, Bastar Craton, Central India, give model 87Rb-86Sr ages ranging from 2330 to 1850 Ma. The oldest age of the muscovite almost overlaps within 20 error with the age (2497k152 Ma) of the parent fertile granites. The data suggest possible derivation of pegmatites shortly after the emplacement of Kawadgaon granites at ca. 2500 Ma. Most of the muscovite ages (n = 6) indicate tectonomagmatic ages after pegmatite injections. The 87Sr/86Sr ratio (0.7142) of granites suggests their derivation from crustal material.  相似文献   

Palaeozoic amalgamation of Central Europe: new results from recent geological and geophysical investigations   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

The PACE TMR Network Team  J. A. Winchester 《Tectonophysics》2002,360(1-4):5-21

Multidisciplinary studies of geotransects across the North European Plain and Southern North Sea, and geological reexamination of the Variscides of the North Bohemian Massif, permit a new 3-D reassessment of the relationships between the principal crustal blocks abutting Baltica along the Trans-European Suture Zone (TESZ). Accretion was in three stages: Cambrian accretion of the Bruno–Silesian, Lysogory and Malopolska terranes; end-Ordovician/early Silurian accretion of Avalonia; and early Carboniferous accretion of the Armorican Terrane Assemblage (ATA). Palaeozoic plume-influenced metabasite geochemistry in the Bohemian Massif explains the progressive rifting away of peri-Gondwanan crustal blocks before their accretion to Baltica. Geophysical data, faunal and provenance information from boreholes, and dated small inliers and cores confirm that Avalonian crust extends beyond the Anglo-Brabant Deformation Belt eastwards to northwest Poland. The location and dip of reflectors along the TESZ and beneath the North European Plain suggest that Avalonian crust overrode the Baltica passive margin, marked by a high-velocity lower crustal layer, on shallowly southwest-dipping thrust planes forming the Heligoland–Pomerania Deformation Belt. The “Variscan orocline” of southwest Poland masks two junctions between the Armorican Terrane Assemblage (ATA) and previously accreted crustal blocks. To the east is a dextrally transpressive contact with the Bruno–Silesian and Malopolska blocks, accreted in the Cambrian, while to the north is a thrust contact with easternmost Avalonia, deeply buried beneath younger sedimentary cover. In the northeast Bohemian and Rhenohercynian Massifs Devonian “early Variscide” deformation dominated by WNW and NW-directed thrusting, records closure of Ordovician–Devonian seaways between detached “islands” of the ATA and Avalonia.  相似文献   

Thermal and petrological structure of the lithosphere beneath Hannuoba, Sino-Korean Craton, China: evidence from xenoliths   总被引：36，自引：0，他引：36  

Shaohai Chen  Suzanne Y. O''Reilly  Xinhua Zhou  William L. Griffin  Guohui Zhang  Min Sun  Jialing Feng  Ming Zhang 《Lithos》2001,56(4):267-301

Deep-seated xenoliths entrained in the Hannuoba basalts of the northern Sino-Korean Craton include mafic and felsic granulites, mantle wall-rock from spinel– and garnet–spinel peridotite facies, and basaltic crystallisation products from the spinel-pyroxenite and garnet-pyroxenite stability fields. The mineral compositions of the xenoliths have been used to estimate temperatures and, where possible, pressures of equilibration, and to construct a geothermal framework to interpret the upper mantle and lower crustal rock-type sequences for the region. The xenolith-derived paleogeotherm is constrained in the depth interval of 45–65 km and like others from areas of young basalt magmatism, is elevated and strongly convex toward the temperature axis. Two-pyroxene granulites give the lowest temperatures and garnet pyroxenites the highest, while the spinel lherzolites fall between these two groups. The present-day Moho beneath the Hannuoba area is defined at 42 km by seismic data, and coincides with the deepest occurrence of granulite. Above this boundary, there is a lower crust–upper mantle transition zone about 10-km thick, in which spinel lherzolites and mafic granulites (with variable plagioclase contents) are intermixed. It is inferred that this underplating has resulted in a lowering of the original pre-Cenozoic Moho (then coinciding with the crust–mantle boundary, CMB) from about 30 km to its present-day position and was due to intrusions of basaltic magmas that displaced peridotite mantle wall-rock and equilibrated to mafic granulites. Trace element patterns of the diopsides (analysed by laser ablation-ICPMS) from the Cr-diopside series spinel lherzolites and associated layered xenoliths (spinel lherzolites and pyroxenites) indicate a fertile uppermost mantle with moderate depletion by low degrees of partial melting and little evidence of metasomatic activity. The similarity in major and trace element compositions of the minerals in both rock types suggests that the layered ultramafic xenoliths formed by mantle deformation processes (metamorphic segregation), rather than by melt veining or metasomatism.  相似文献   

Seafloor hydrothermal alteration at an Archaean mid-ocean ridge   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

K. Kitajima  S. Maruyama  S. Utsunomiya  J. G. Liou 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》2001,19(5):583-599

A hydrothermally metamorphosed/altered greenstone complex capped by bedded cherts exposed in the North Pole, Pilbara Carton, Western Australia, is interpreted as an accretionary complex. It is distinctive in being characterised by both duplex structure and an oceanic crust stratigraphy. This complex is shown to represent an Archaean upper oceanic crust with a mid‐ocean ridge hydrothermal metamorphism that increases in grade stratigraphically downward. Three mineral zones have been defined; Zone A of the zeolite facies, the prehnite‐pumpellyite facies or the lower‐greenschist facies at high‐X_CO2 condition, Zone B of the greenschist facies, and Zone C of the greenschist/amphibolite transition facies. In Zone A metabasites, Ca‐Al silicates including Ca‐zeolites, prehnite and pumpellyite are absent and epidote/clinozoisite is extremely rare. Instead, abundant carbonates are present with chlorite suggesting high‐X_CO2 composition in the fluid. On the other hand, in Zones B and C metabasites, where Ca‐amphibole + epidote/clinozoisite + chlorite + Ca‐Na plagioclase are the dominant assemblages, carbonate is not identified. The metamorphic conditions boundary of Zones B/C were estimated to be about 350 °C at a pressure of <0.5 kbar. Fluid compositions coexisting with Archaean greenstones at the transition between Zones B and C were estimated by thermodynamic calculation in the CaFMASCH system (T = 350–370 °C, P = 150–1000 bar) at X_CO2 of 0.012–0.140, such values are higher than present‐day vent fluids collected near mid‐ocean ridges with low‐X_CO2 values, up to 0.005. The Archaean seawater depth at the mid‐ocean ridge was estimated to be 1600 m at X_CO2 = 0.06 using a depth‐to‐boiling point curve for a fluid. The carbonation due to high‐X_CO2 hydrothermal fluids occurred near the ridge‐axis before or was coincident with ridge metamorphism.  相似文献   

Geomorphological development of the eastern margin of the Australian Craton   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

C. R. Twidale  E. M. Campbell 《地球表面变化过程与地形》1992,17(4):419-431

The denudation chronologies of five uplands of contrasting geological structure located at the eastern margin of the Australian Craton are examined. They are the Isa Highlands, MacDonnell Ranges and Flinders Ranges (fold mountains, orogenic setting); the Arcoona Plateau (dissected plateau, platform setting); and the Gawler Ranges (massif of old silicic volcanics, cratonic setting). In each, surfaces of Mesozoic age, many of them exhumed and of pre-Cretaceous age, are preserved. Each also appears to have been uplifted recurrently. Each was either overwhelmed or bordered by the Early Cretaceous (Neocomian-Aptian) sea. Tectonism associated with the break-up of Gondwana probably allowed this important marine transgression. Thereafter, thalassostatic and erosional/depositional isostatic responses have maintained the uplands as uplands and the intervening basins as negative topographic and structural units; the pattern of topography has been constant for the last 60–100 Ma.  相似文献   

Evolution of a Paleoproterozoic “weak type” orogeny in the West African Craton (Ivory Coast)   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

M. Vidal  C. Gumiaux  F. Cagnard  A. Pouclet  G. Ouattara  M. Pichon 《Tectonophysics》2009,477(3-4):145

The Paleoproterozoic domain of the Ivory Coast lies in the central part of the West African Craton (WAC) and is mainly constituted by TTG, greenstones, supracrustal rocks and leucogranites. A compilation of metamorphic and radiometric data highlights that: i) metamorphic conditions are rather homogeneous through the domain, without important metamorphic jumps, ii) HP-LT assemblages are absent and iii) important volumes of magmas emplaced during the overall Paleoproterozoic orogeny suggesting the occurrence of long-lived rather hot geotherms. Results of the structural analysis, focused on three areas within the Ivory Coast, suggest that the deformation is homogeneous and distributed through the Paleoproterozoic domain. In details, results of this study point out the long-lived character of vertical movements during the Eburnean orogeny with a two folds evolution. The first stage is characterized by the development of “domes and basins” geometries without any boundary tectonic forces and the second stage is marked by coeval diapiric movements and horizontal regional-scale shortening. These features suggest that the crust is affected by vertical movements during the overall orogeny. The Eburnean orogen can then be considered as an example of long-lived Paleoproterozoic “weak type” orogen.  相似文献   

Geochronological and isotopic constraints on Palaeoproterozoic skarn base metal mineralisation in the central Gawler Craton, South Australia   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Anthony Reid  Richard Flint  Roland Maas  Katherine Howard  Elena Belousova 《Ore Geology Reviews》2009,36(4):350-362

The mineralisation potential of Palaeoproterozoic strata from the central Gawler Craton, South Australia, is poorly known. This study defines the timing of Zn-rich skarn formation within Palaeoproterozoic calcsilicate and highlights this as a new mineralisation style for the Gawler Craton. Sulphides within the garnet–diopside skarn in the No. 17 Bore Prospect are predominantly in the form of sphalerite, associated with galena, minor chalcopyrite, pyrrhotite and pyrite. Sulphide is present in disseminated form and as a coarse-grained sulphide within a sericite-rich cavity-fill. Mineralisation is inferred to have formed at 1710 ± 16 Ma through a Sm–Nd isochron from garnet and diopside aliquots. A weakly mineralised and altered granite immediately below the calcsilicate skarn crystallised at 1729 ± 13 Ma (LA-ICPMS U–Pb zircon), within error of the skarn mineralisation. The skarn is interpreted to have formed through the initiation of fluid circulation as a result of high-level granite emplacement within the Palaeoproterozoic strata. Exploration for skarn Zn–Pb deposits such as the No. 17 Bore Prospect is assisted by their geophysical properties.  相似文献   

Geochronological and petrological constraints on Palaeoproterozoic granulite facies metamorphism in southeastern margin of the North China Craton   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

Y.-C. LIU  A.-D. WANG  F. ROLFO  C. GROPPO  X.-F. GU  B. SONG 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》2009,27(2):125-138

In the southeastern margin of the North China Craton, high-pressure (HP) granulite facies meta-basic rocks exposed as bands or lenses in the Precambrian metamorphic basement (e.g. Bengbu) and as xenoliths in Mesozoic intrusions (e.g. Jiagou) are characterized by the assemblage garnet + clinopyroxene + plagioclase + quartz + rutile ± Ti-rich hornblende. Cathodoluminescence imaging and mineral inclusions reveal that most zircon from the three dated samples displays distinct core-mantle-rim structures. The cores show typical igneous zircon characteristics and give ages of 2.5–2.4 Ga, thus dating the protolith of the metabasites. The mantles formed at granulite facies conditions as evidenced by inclusions of the HP granulite mineral assemblage garnet + clinopyroxene + rutile + plagioclase + quartz ± hornblende and Ti-rich biotite and yield ages of 1839 ± 31, 1811 ± 19 and 1800 ± 15 Ma. An inclusion-free rim yields an age of 176 ± 2 Ma with the lower Th/U ratio of 0.02. The geochronological and preliminary petrological data of this study suggest that the lower crust beneath the southeastern margin of the North China Craton formed at 2.5–2.4 Ga and underwent HP granulite facies metamorphism at c. 1.8 Ga. This HT-HP metamorphic event may be ascribed to large-scale crustal heating and thickening related to mantle-derived magma underplating at the base of the lower crust, as evidenced by widespread extension, rifting and related mafic magma emplacement in the North China Craton during this period. The age of 176 ± 2 Ma most likely records the late amphibolite facies retrogression occurring during exhumation.  相似文献   

几内亚优势金属矿产地质特征、成矿作用及开发现状     

张海坤  胡鹏  程湘  姜军胜  刘江涛  向鹏 《地质通报》2022,(1):141-153

几内亚大地构造位置处于西非克拉通南部,主要受Libérien、Eburnéen及泛非三次大的造山运动影响,主要的地质单元包括东部太古宙—古元古代马莱地盾、西部古生代博法(Bove)盆地和西南部泛非期Rokelide造山带.在广泛调研文献的基础上,着重介绍了几内亚铝土矿、铁、金等矿产资源的开发现状.结合区域地质背景和典型...  相似文献