首批国际地质科学联合会地质遗产地名录的诞生和意义     

张建平  金小赤 《地质论评》2023,69(3):1075-1084

2022年10月25至28日,国际地质科学联合会在西班牙Zumaia召开的“庆祝国际地质科学联合会成立60周年大会”上,正式向全球公布了国际地质科学联合会国际地球遗产委员会承担的国际地学计划(IGCP)731项目的成果之一：首批100个国际地质科学联合会地质遗产地名录,并发布了“国际地质科学联合会Zumaia宣言”,呼吁国际社会重视和关注地质遗产地的科学研究和保护管理,引起国际地学界和公众极大的关注。基于全程参与该项工作,本文系统介绍国际地质科学联合会地质遗产地名录的由来、发展、遴选程序和过程、地质遗产地的定义和标准,指出建立地质遗产地名录对科学研究和可持续发展的意义,并对今后地质遗产地发展前景进行展望,供读者参考。  相似文献   

翁文灏与陆相生油理论二三事     

张玉珍 《地质论评》2023,69(3):2023030010-2023030010

笔者通过梳理中国早期石油的相关史料,发现民国时期多名地质学家,如翁文灏、谢家荣、王竹泉、潘钟祥、黄汲清、孙健初等,都对陆相生油开展了积极的研究和调查,其中翁文灏不仅自己深入钻研相关理论,还通过他当时的学术职务对这一理论的创新起到了关键引领作用。此外,他调派人员进行充分的石油地质普查,并在重点区域组织石油钻探等实践对陆相生油理论进行了充分的验证。在以往相关研究著述中,薛毅（2005）、李学通（2005,2018）、张叔岩（2006）、陈谦平（2016,2017）等对翁文灏在中国近代石油工业建设中的贡献多有述及,但对翁文灏“陆相生油”理论的创新研究尚付阙如。本文依据相关文献史料,对近代石油工业发展中翁文灏在石油地质学理论研究方面的创新贡献进行考察与分析  相似文献   

1:50 000重庆市奉节县幅灾害地质图数据集          下载免费PDF全文

李刚  杨秀元  李浩  乐琪浪 《中国地质》2018,45(S1):115-122

奉节县是中国三峡库区地质灾害高发区县,区内地形起伏,构造和软弱岩层发育,地质环境较脆弱,通过对研究区开展野外地质调查,查清了区内地质灾害分布规律及孕灾地质背景,整合灾害、地质和地理信息等数据,首次编制了奉节县幅1∶50 000灾害地质图,建立数据集。本文从数据来源、数据收集方法、处理技术等方面进行了整理和归纳,以期呈现地质灾害调查领域灾害地质图数据集应用的实例,为该类型地质调查和数据集处理及应用提供参考。  相似文献   

Geological resources and environmental carrying capacity evaluation review,theory, and practice in China     

《China Geology》2018,1(4):556-565

Evaluations of resources and environmental carrying capacities (GRECC) are the premise of land space planning and use control. Resource allocations and environmental capacity are the basic conditions that restrict development in a region. In this paper, based on a systematic review of China’s geological environment, groundwater resources, mineral resources, other geological resources and the environmental carrying capacity research status, the relationship between the natural resource environmental system and the socio-economic system is studied. Then a “coordination theory of resources and environmental carrying” is proposed. Next, on the basis of an evaluation experiment performed at different scales and for different types of regions, the technical methods for an evaluation of the geological resources and environmental carrying capacity at the regional (inter-provincial) and provincial scales in China are established for the first time. This paper presents a standardized method based on technical ideas, evaluation methods, and index systems for geological resource and environmental carrying capacity evaluation. Finally, an evaluation of the groundwater resource carrying capacity in China is used as an example for the demonstration of the groundwater resource background and use of state evaluation methods.  相似文献   

Study of 3D Geological Modeling Based on Aeromagnetic Data     

Zheng Hou  Tianyi Wang  Changchun Yu  Shengqing Xiong  Long Di 《地球科学进展》2018,33(3):257-269

With the increasing difficulty of finding the shallow surface deposit and the increasing depth of resources exploration, three-dimensional modeling technology is more apparent in deep prospecting, and its accuracy directly determines the cognitive degree of geological body and metallogenic condition. For this, we put forward a set of the extraction technology of abnormal information combined with aeromagnetic data processing with three-dimensional geological modeling. Inversing the selected profile of the study area and obtaining each profile geological model, we built three-dimensional geological model of geological units by the method of profile linked, using undulating terrain three-dimensional block magnetic field forward techniques to model the three-dimensional geological model of the whole area, and obtained the forward modeling results of the whole three-dimensional geological model and the geological unit. After the comparative analysis with the test result, adding reasonable geological constraints and revising model, through adjusting for many times, we made the model maximum close to the actual situation. The model can well reflect the geological information and make minimum fitting error of observations and theoretical field, with which geologists can use the most of their experience and get more regional geological understanding. Using the thought of main block and secondary block to subdivision modeling of geological body, on the condition of ensuring the accuracy of model, the number of the total model block decreased and the multi-window and multi-geological body parallel computing method were used to improve the modeling speed, effectively solve the limitation problem of the model complexity in the process of the three-dimensional inversion modeling method, and easily form complex and different sizes three-dimensional geological model. We applied this method to the Hubei Daye area, constructed the three-dimensional geological model of Daye Iron Mine, and verified the feasibility and rationality of this method.  相似文献   

北京城市地质安全保障服务系统在地质环境综合质量评价中的应用     

李潇  李佳 《城市地质》2015,(1):43-47

根据北京市地质环境特点,应用北京城市地质安全保障服务系统的综合分析功能,采用层次分析法及综合指数模型,对北京市平原区的地质环境综合质量进行了评价研究。  相似文献   

地质实习基地建设实践与思考——以昌平南口实习基地为例     

宋丙剑 《城市地质》2015,(1):15-19

为了突出实践教学效果,更好地完成任职教育,2012-2014年武警警种学院打造了南口综合地质实习基地。该基地筛选并确立了5条地质观测路线31个观察点。通过3年10个班次的野外地质实习,较好地完成了教学任务,丰富和发展了实习基地的内容,取得了良好的办学效益,反映出该基地具有较强的利用和推广价值。建设过程中,应重点抓好实习基地选址、实习计划与实习指导书编制工作,才能推进实习基地健康可持续发展。  相似文献   

辽宁省二道河膨润土矿床地质特征及成因探讨     

刘殿鹤  张雪花 《化工矿产地质》2015,(2):85-92

二道河膨润土矿床位于辽宁西部紫都台-于寺盆地北东缘义县期火山断陷盆地内,矿体赋存于义县组沉凝灰岩及流纹质熔结凝灰岩、珍珠岩等中酸性火山碎屑岩中。矿区共发育70多条层状、似层状膨润土矿体。主要矿石矿物为蒙脱石,具改型特征。浅部主要为钙基膨润土,200m标高以下向钠基膨润土转变。经综合研究认为,该矿床属典型的以后期表生风化淋滤型作用为主的复成因矿床。  相似文献   

Comparing sequential Gaussian and turning bands algorithms for cosimulating grades in multi-element deposits     

《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2015,347(2):84-93

Stochastic simulation is increasingly used to map the spatial variability in the grades of elements of interest and to assess the uncertainty in the mineral resources and ore reserves. The practical implementation requires specifying a stochastic model, which describes the spatial distribution of the grades, and an algorithm to construct realizations of these grades, viewed as different possible outcomes or scenarios. In the case of the Gaussian random field model, a variety of algorithms have been proposed in the past decades, but their ability to reproduce the model statistics is often unequal. In this paper, we compare two such algorithms, namely the turning bands and the sequential algorithms. The comparison is hold through a synthetic case study and a real case study in a porphyry copper deposit located in southeastern Iran, in which it is of interest to jointly simulate the copper, molybdenum, silver, lead and zinc grades. Statistical testing and graphical validations are realized to check whether or not the realizations reproduce the features of the true grades, in particular their direct and cross variograms. Sequential simulation based on collocated cokriging turns out to poorly reproduce the cross variograms, while turning bands proves to be accurate in all the analyzed cases.  相似文献   

陕西省丹凤县蔡凹锑矿床地质特征及找矿方向          下载免费PDF全文

范红科  张代斌  韩代成  边飞  王淑利  刘晓璐 《山东国土资源》2015,31(1)

蔡凹锑矿床位于北秦岭加里东造山带内,产于古元古代秦岭群地层中,严格受区域性大断裂和界岭复式背斜两翼的次级褶皱和断裂控制。文中从分析成矿地质背景、矿床地质特征和矿床成因入手,总结了矿床的控矿因素,认为该矿床受含矿地层、构造和岩浆岩等因素控制;提出了新的找矿方向,认为蔡凹锑矿床深部仍有较大的找矿潜力,围绕有利的构造部位和矿化蚀变标志追索矿体,实现找矿勘查的突破。  相似文献