Statistical Analysis of the Relationships among Coronal Holes,Corotating Interaction Regions,and Geomagnetic Storms     

Yunhee Choi  Y.-J. Moon  Seonghwan Choi  Ji-Hye Baek  Sungsoo S. Kim  K.-S. Cho  G. S. Choe 《Solar physics》2009,254(2):311-323

We have examined the relationships among coronal holes (CHs), corotating interaction regions (CIRs), and geomagnetic storms in the period 1996?–?2003. We have identified 123 CIRs with forward and reverse shock or wave features in ACE and Wind data and have linked them to coronal holes shown in National Solar Observatory/Kitt Peak (NSO/KP) daily He i 10?830 Å maps considering the Sun?–?Earth transit time of the solar wind with the observed wind speed. A sample of 107 CH?–?CIR pairs is thus identified. We have examined the magnetic polarity, location, and area of the CHs as well as their association with geomagnetic storms (Dst≤?50 nT). For all pairs, the magnetic polarity of the CHs is found to be consistent with the sunward (or earthward) direction of the interplanetary magnetic fields (IMFs), which confirms the linkage between the CHs and the CIRs in the sample. Our statistical analysis shows that (1) the mean longitude of the center of CHs is about 8°E, (2) 74% of the CHs are located between 30°S and 30°N (i.e., mostly in the equatorial regions), (3) 46% of the CIRs are associated with geomagnetic storms, (4) the area of geoeffective coronal holes is found to be larger than 0.12% of the solar hemisphere area, and (5) the maximum convective electric field E _y in the solar wind is much more highly correlated with the Dst index than any other solar or interplanetary parameter. In addition, we found that there is also a semiannual variation of CIR-associated geomagnetic storms and discovered new tendencies as follows: For negative-polarity coronal holes, the percentage (59%; 16 out of 27 events) of CIRs associated with geomagnetic storms in the first half of the year is much larger than that (25%; 6 out of 24 events) in the second half of the year and the occurrence percentage (63%; 15 out of 24 events) of CIR-associated storms in the southern hemisphere is significantly larger than that (26%; 7 out of 27 events) in the northern hemisphere. Positive-polarity coronal holes exhibit an opposite tendency.  相似文献   

A special perturbation method in orbital dynamics     

Jesús Peláez  José Manuel Hedo  Pedro Rodríguez de Andrés 《Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy》2007,97(2):131-150

The special perturbation method considered in this paper combines simplicity of computer implementation, speed and precision, and can propagate the orbit of any material particle. The paper describes the evolution of some orbital elements based in Euler parameters, which are constants in the unperturbed problem, but which evolve in the time scale imposed by the perturbation. The variation of parameters technique is used to develop expressions for the derivatives of seven elements for the general case, which includes any type of perturbation. These basic differential equations are slightly modified by introducing one additional equation for the time, reaching a total order of eight. The method was developed in the Grupo de Dinámica de Tethers (GDT) of the UPM, as a tool for dynamic simulations of tethers. However, it can be used in any other field and with any kind of orbit and perturbation. It is free of singularities related to small inclination and/or eccentricity. The use of Euler parameters makes it robust. The perturbation forces are handled in a very simple way: the method requires their components in the orbital frame or in an inertial frame. A comparison with other schemes is performed in the paper to show the good performance of the method.  相似文献   

Scattering of a spherical pulse from a small inhomogeneity: Dilatation and rotation     

M. D. Sharma 《Journal of Earth System Science》2001,110(3):205-213

Perturbations in elastic constants and density distinguish a volume inhomogeneity from its homogeneous surroundings. The equation of motion for the first order scattering is studied in the perturbed medium. The scattered waves are generated by the interaction between the primary waves and the inhomogeneity. First order scattering theory is modified to include the source term generating the primary waves. The body force equivalent to the scattering source is presented in a convenient form involving the perturbations in wave velocities and gradient of density perturbation. A procedure is presented to study the scattering of a spherical pulse from a small inhomogeneity, in time domain. The size of inhomogeneity is assumed small as compared to its distance from source and receiver. No restrictions are placed on the positions of source, receiver and inhomogeneity. The dilatation and rotations are calculated for a pulse scattered from an arbitrary point in a spherical volume. The aggregate of the scattered phases from all the points of the inhomogeneity, reaching at a fixed receiver, gives the amount of scattering from the inhomogeneity. The interaction of bothP andS waves with inhomogeneity are considered. Dilatation and rotations for scattering are obtained as integral expressions over the solid angle of inhomogeneity. These expressions are computed numerically, for hypothetical models. The effects of source (unit force) orientations, velocity and density perturbations, and size of inhomogeneity, on the scattered phases, are discussed.  相似文献   

太原基准地震台地磁转换函数变化与邻区地震的关系     

阎计明  张美仙  刘国俊  王向阳 《山西地震》2001,(4):19-23

利用转换函数方法对太原基准地震台1989年1月至1998年12月的地磁资料进行了计算，用所得到的转换函数A，B的模|A|,|B|及总方差δZ的月变化，来研究地震前后地下电性结构的变化。对1989年以来山西及周边地区的5次Ms5.0以上地震前后太原基准地震台地磁转换函数的变化进行了研究。得出不同周期的转换函数A，B以及总方差δZ在震前有明显变化的结论。  相似文献   

Mid-latitude winds in the mesosphere: a superposed epoch analysis over the geomagnetic storm times     

G. Ma  K. Igarashi  K. Hocke 《Journal of Atmospheric and Solar》2001,63(18):1075

This study aims at looking for the characteristic patterns of mesospheric wind over the geomagnetic storm times. For this purpose, the geomagnetic storms preceded by a sudden commencement (SSC) have been selected from January 1995 to April 1999. By using the onset of SSC as the timing mark, a superposed epoch analysis has been performed on the available neutral wind data measured with medium frequency (MF) radars at Yamagawa (31.2°N, 130.6°E) and Wakkanai (45.4°N, 141.7°E). In doing so, the length of time chosen for the superposed analysis is from 7 days before the SSC onset to 21 days after the onset; subsets of wind data are superimposed for summer and winter months, respectively. Then with harmonic analysis on the superposed winds the mean winds in both summer and winter months have been obtained. Concerning mean wind characteristics, some interesting details are the reversal heights of the summer zonal winds, which is 79–80 km at Yamagawa and 84 km at Wakkanai. Strong wavy structures with 2–4 days period are observed at both Yamagawa and Wakkanai in both summer and winter. As for storm effects, significant enhancement of eastward wind is found 5 days after SSC onset at both Yamagawa and Wakkanai in winter. Moreover, the northward wind turns southward at Wakkanai 2 days after the onset of SSC, and the southward wind lasts for several days thereafter. In summer months, the post-storm enhancement tends to be small and mainly in the eastward wind at both Yamagawa and Wakkanai.  相似文献   

肃南5．3级地震前嘉峪关台地震前兆异常初探     

朱宗德  田文通 《高原地震》2001,13(3):35-39

以嘉峪关台的原始资料为依据，着重探讨了肃南5．3级地震前祁连山西段的地震活动性异常。将本台的地磁Z分量与兰州、天水地磁台进行比较，结果认为：肃南5．3级地震的发生基本符合祁连山西段地震活动的周期性特征，前兆资料无明显的临震异常显示，但本台的自然电场，地磁日幅差和Z分量的日均值资料有明显的短期趋势性异常显示。  相似文献   

地磁对比求异法     

刘心恒  周郧生 《地震研究》1995,18(3):264-271

本文根据断裂力学与感应磁效应原理，分析研究了云南地磁台网近２０年的实际观测结果，发现一旦有台站出现地磁垂直分量日变幅差异步变化，其后一个多月内，在其周围将有７０％以上可能发生地震（２００公里内Ｍ≥６地震，７０─８０公里内Ｍ≥５地震；４０─５０公里内４级左右地震；２０─３０公里内本地小震）。从而提出利用地磁日变幅差的异步变化现象预报地震的可能性。  相似文献   

华北北部几次中强地震前的地磁前兆特征   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

黄雪香  张美仙  林云芳  张淑兰 《地震》1999,19(2):168-178

阐述并分析了华北北部几个中强地震前地磁前兆异常的时空特征,即以在震前几天到几个月出现的中短期、短临前兆异常为主,短临异常尤为突出,空间分布范围较大。异常展布有一定规律性,并与地震有较好的对应关系。  相似文献   

地磁台链的观测与研究     

徐文耀 《地球物理学进展》1993,8(1):34-59

简要介绍了地磁台链观测在极光带电集流、赤道电集流、中低纬度大尺度电流体系、太阳风-磁层-电离层-高层大气能量耦合、高-中-低纬的扰动传输、磁层中磁流体波的传播、主磁常荚期变化等研究中的应用,综述了地磁台链观测在地磁与空间物理研究中的物理基础和研究现状,着重回顾了IMS 期间6个高纬子午台链的观测研究,总结了中国地磁台链研究的初步结果.中国所处的独特地理位置和广阔的经纬度展布提供了建立全球唯一的闭合子午圈台链的可能性.中国台链向北与俄罗斯东西伯利亚地磁台相连,一直延伸到北极光带,向南与菲律宾、印尼、澳大利亚台站相连直达南极区中山站,通过南极与对面子午线上的长城站相连,并与南美、北美台站构成一条闭合的子午圈台链.可以预料,这条台链的观测资料将为地磁与高空物理研究提供宝贵的资料,对研究日地整体行为将会有重要意义.  相似文献   

中国及邻近地区地磁正常场及其长期变化的计算     

王月华  李家发 《华南地震》1993,13(2):7-14

本文根据国际地磁参考场系数,计算了中国地区1945～1990年代2~0×2~0网格地磁正常场值,并绘出了相应的正常场等值线图和等变线图,对其变化规律进行了分析.  相似文献