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11.
Assessment of the flow regime alterations in the middle reach of the Yangtze River associated with dam construction: potential ecological implications 
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下载免费PDF全文 Hydrological regimes strongly influence the biotic diversity of river ecosystems by structuring physical habitat within river channels and on floodplains. Modification of hydrological regimes by dam construction can have important consequences for river ecosystems. This study examines the impacts of the construction of two dams, the Gezhouba Dam and the Three Gorges Dam, on the hydrological regime of the Yangtze River in China. Analysis of hydrological change before and after dam construction is investigated by evaluating changes in the medians and ranges of variability of 33 hydrological parameters. Results show that the hydrological impact of the Gezhouba Dam is relatively small, affecting mainly the medians and variability of low flows, the rate of rise, and the number of hydrological reversals. The closure of the Three Gorges Dam has substantially altered the downstream flow regime, affecting the seasonal distribution of flows, the variability of flows, the magnitude of minimum flows, low‐flow pulses, the rate of rise, and hydrological reversals. These changes in flow regime have greatly influenced the aquatic biodiversity and fish community structure within the Yangtze River. In particular, populations of migratory fish have been negatively impacted. The results help to identify the magnitudes of hydrological alteration associated with the construction of dams on this important large river and also provide useful information to guide strategies aimed at restoration of the river's ecosystems. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
12.
葛洲坝下中华鲟(Acipenser sinensis)性腺退化严重吗？ 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
葛洲坝对中华鲟(Acipenser sinensis)性腺发育的影响,是一个存在争议的问题,其影响程度直接关系到中华鲟的种群生存.利用中华鲟洄游动力学模型和性腺发育模型,我们揭示了中华鲟在长江的种群结构特点、时空分布和性腺发育过程以及葛洲坝的影响.通过对相关文献的分析和评价,我们认为,在葛洲坝救鱼过程中,长江水产研究所柯福恩等(1985)对葛洲坝下中华鲟性腺退化的研究工作是扎实的,他们关于中华鲟性腺退化十分严重,产卵规模相当有限,若干年后资源要下降的结论是可靠的,也得到了1990s以来中华鲟持续衰退事实的证明.作为葛洲坝救鱼的重要专业机构,中国科学院水生生物研究所的相关成果否认中华鲟性腺退化的方法和材料,是不充分和不可靠的.利用新理论重新分析历史调查数据,我们给出中华鲟性腺发育严重退化的其他证据.研究表明,葛洲坝的阻隔效应导致中华鲟性腺退化率为75%左右;该问题被长期忽视或轻视,对中华鲟保护产生了严重影响. 相似文献
13.
Yaohua DONG Ruilan YIN Senior engineer Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute 《国际泥沙研究》2001,16(2)
A l-D numerical model of unsteady flow for river channel has been developed in the paPer. Based ontoPograPhy of l980 and field data of a flood occurred on July l2-25, l981 (,'8l.7" flood), caIculation ofthe "8l.7" flood rouhng has been imPlemented as calibration of the model. Using the same hydrographsof,'8l.7" flood and different toPograPhies of l980 and l993 respectively, processes and profiles ofhydrograps, variations and featores of flood traVel along the Yichang-Jianli river reaches h… 相似文献