大别山中生代钾质岩浆作用与超高压变质地体的剥露机理   总被引：45，自引：8，他引：37  

马昌前  李志昌 《岩石学报》1999,15(3):379-395

在已知的超高压变质地体中, 大别山是碰撞后花岗岩类侵入作用最为强烈的唯一地区。这里, 中生代的钾玄岩系列和高钾钙碱性系列的侵入岩, 可以依其年龄和组成特征划分为３ 组。第 Ｉ组, 主要由晚三叠世 （约２１０ Ｍａ） 二长闪长岩辉长岩体组成, 它可能是在板片断离过程中富集的大陆岩石圈地幔部分熔融的产物 （板片断离型）; 第 Ｉ Ｉ组, 由中侏罗世－ 早白垩世 （１６０～１２０ Ｍａ） 的角闪石英二长岩、黑云母二长花岗岩和正长花岗岩组成, 主要是由幔源岩浆的分离结晶与地壳混染共同作用的产物 （岩浆底垫型）; 第 Ｉ Ｉ Ｉ组, 以白垩纪 （１２５～９５ Ｍａ） 的花岗岩和花岗斑岩为代表, 是在热穹窿作用过程中大别杂岩深熔作用和高度演化的产物 （穹窿型）。大别山超高压变质岩通过地幔的剥露可能与晚三叠世—早侏罗世的板片断离有关, 而大规模的岩浆侵位与超高压变质岩的快速剥露相伴出现说明, 岩浆底垫和岩浆漂浮作用可能在大别山中侏罗世—早白垩世的快速剥露中发挥了重要作用。  相似文献   

Large areal extent of ultrahigh-pressure metamorphism in the Sulu ultrahigh-pressure terrane of East China: new implications from coesite and omphacite inclusions in zircon of granitic gneiss   总被引：36，自引：0，他引：36  

Kai Ye  Yupeng Yao  Ikuo Katayama  Bolin Cong  Qingchen Wang  Shigenori Maruyama 《Lithos》2000,52(1-4):157-164

Coesite and omphacite inclusions have been identified for the first time as minute inclusions in zircon from amphibolite-facies granitic orthogneiss in the Sulu ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) metamorphic terrane of eastern China by Raman spectroscopy and microprobe analyses. The occurrences of these minerals in the voluminous granitic gneiss of Sulu support a regional and pervasive UHP metamorphic event that predated regional amphibolitic retrogression. Taking into account the widespread discoveries of coesite in other lithologies, we thus conclude that a substantial crustal component in the Sulu UHP metamorphic terrane appears to have shared a common history of Triassic subduction to mantle depths and later exhumation.  相似文献   

风化花岗岩崩岗灾害的成因机理   总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12  

王彦华  谢先德  王春云 《山地学报》2000,18(6):496-501

测定了广东珠海大镜山剖面(DJS)、增城剖面(ZC-1、ZC-2)、阳江飞鹅岭和圆周岭剖面(FEI、YZL)的物性指标,通过建立崩岗数学模型,设定不同的坡面参数条件,计算了坡面和稳定临界深度,当坡度＜43°时,坡体的稳定临界深度＞2m。根据雨水在花岗岩风化剖面的渗透特点,计算了一定强度的降雨在不同时间内的湿润前锋,由临界深度与湿润前锋的对比,说明了降雨与崩岗的关系。此外,还结合文献中日本和香港地区崩岗灾害的统计资料结果,探讨了不同时间的降雨对坡体稳定性的影响。  相似文献   

The imprint of basalt on the geochemistry of silicic magmas     

Don Snyder  Stephen Tait 《Earth and Planetary Science Letters》1998,160(3-4):433-445

We propose that the fluid mechanics of magma chamber replenishment leads to a novel process whereby silicic magmas can acquire an important part of their chemical signatures. When flows of basaltic magma enter silicic magma chambers, they assume a ‘fingered' morphology that creates a large surface area of contact between the two magmas. This large surface area provides an opportunity for significant chemical exchange between the magmas by diffusion that is enhanced by continuous flow of silicic liquid traversing the basalt through thin veins. A quantitative analysis shows that a basaltic magma may thereby impart its trace-element and isotopic characteristics to a silicic magma. Depending on concentration differences and diffusion coefficients for the given components, this new mechanism may be as important as crystal fractionation and assimilation in producing the compositional diversity of silicic magmas. It may explain concentration gradients in silicic ash-flow tuffs and should be considered when interpreting the isotopic signatures of silicic rocks, even in the overt absence of mixing. For example, we show that, for several well studied, compositionally graded ash-flow tuffs, the concentrations and isotopic ratios of important geochemical tracers such as strontium could be largely due to this flow-enhanced diffusion process.  相似文献   

川西扎乌龙-青海草陇花岗伟晶岩型稀有金属矿床磷灰石地球化学特征及地质意义     

严清高  李建康  李超  陈振宇  熊欣 《岩石学报》2022,38(2):341-355

扎乌龙-草陇锂矿床位于松潘-甘孜造山带中西部,为典型的花岗伟晶岩型稀有金属矿床.前人基于矿区花岗岩和伟晶岩紧密的时空及成因关系,认为伟晶岩与白云母花岗岩同源且成矿与花岗质岩浆的分异相关.然而,岩浆分异演化过程中熔体的信息记录及其何种地质过程对成矿起主导作用,仍缺乏有效制约.本文对矿区花岗质岩浆来源及其演化过程开展了研究...  相似文献   

Early Carboniferous intra-oceanic arc and back-arc basin system in the West Junggar,NW China     

《International Geology Review》2012,54(16):1991-2007

A series of Lower Carboniferous volcanic rocks occur in the Hatu, Darbut, and Baogutu areas of Xinjiang Province. Secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) zircon U–Pb isotopic data indicate that two samples of these rocks coevally erupted at 324.0 ± 2.8 Ma and 324.9 ± 3.4 Ma. Three detailed profile measurements show that the volcanics include the Hatu basalt, the Baogutu andesite and dacite, and the Darbut andesite. Whole-rock compositions suggest that the Hatu volcanics are tholeiites and have a mid-ocean ridge basalt (MORB)-like signature with a small negative Nb anomaly, suggesting formation in a back-arc basin. Their isotopic compositions (?Nd(t) = +2.2 to +4.0, (⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr)i = 0.70414 to 0.70517) suggest a mixing origin from depleted to enriched mantle sources. In contrast, the Baogutu and Darbut rocks are andesite and dacite possessing a transitional tholeiite to calc–alkaline character and have E-MORB-like and OIB signatures, with a marked negative Nb anomaly and Th/Yb-enrichment, indicating that they were generated in a subduction zone setting. Isotopically, they display consistently depleted Sr–Nd isotopic compositions [(⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr)i = 0.70377–0.70469, ?Nd(t) = 1.0–5.2], suggesting that they were derived from a depleted mantle, and that fluid and sediments were involved in their petrogenesis. These features suggest that an early Carboniferous intra-oceanic arc and back-arc basin system generated the studied volcanic units in the West Junggar.  相似文献   

Petrogenesis and geotectonic setting of early Svecofennian arc cumulates in the Roslagen area,east‐central Sweden     

ke Johansson  ULF B. Andersson  Ulf Hlenius 《Geological Journal》2012,47(6):557-593

Several intrusions of ultrabasic to basic composition occur in the Roslagen area of east‐central Sweden in close spatial and temporal association with the surrounding 1.90–1.87 Ga old early orogenic Svecofennian granitoids. An imprecise Sm‐Nd WR errorchron yields an age of 1895 ± 71 Ma. In spite of the penetrative deformation in the granitoids, the basic–ultrabasic rocks mostly appear undeformed and largely preserve magmatic textures with plagioclase, olivine (in some rock types), orthopyroxene and clinopyroxene, and amphibole as major constituents. The plagioclase is typically very anorthitic (ca. An₉₀). The Roslagen intrusions range in composition from primitive to evolved (Mg# 80 to 49) but contain only 40–50 wt% SiO₂. Many samples are highly elevated in Al₂O₃ (up to 30 wt%), CaO (up to 16 wt%) and Sr (up to 800 ppm), with strongly positive Eu and Sr anomalies, in line with being plagioclase cumulates. Although masked by cumulus effects, the relative trace element contents indicate a volcanic arc signature. The initial Nd isotope composition is homogeneously ‘mildly depleted’, with ε_Nd of +0.3 to +1.1, and the initial Sr isotope composition ‘mildly enriched’, with ε_Sr of +8 to +15. Non‐cumulus rocks with small Eu and Sr anomalies can be used to deduce the composition of the parental magma. This LILE‐ and LREE‐enriched and HFSE‐depleted high‐alumina basalt magma, with Mg# of ca. 50–60 and Ca# of ca. 80, most likely formed by partial melting of mantle material, enriched by fluids in a subduction environment, at 1.9 Ga. The cumulate rocks apparently crystallized from a somewhat more evolved water‐rich magma with Mg# of ca. 40. Crystallization was followed by the development of late‐magmatic to post‐magmatic coronas between olivine and plagioclase in the presence of H₂O‐rich fluids. The subduction‐related setting would make these intrusions Palaeoproterozoic counterparts of Alaskan‐type ultramafic intrusions, but they differ from those in being plagioclase enriched, possibly reflecting different levels of exposure. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

阿尔泰花岗伟晶岩年代学研究现状——兼谈常规年代学方法在花岗伟晶岩定年中之困惑   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

钟龙  王政华  刘玉琳 《新疆地质》2011,29(4):412-415

新疆阿尔泰地区是世界上重要花岗伟晶岩产出地,其形成时代颇受关注,已有的年龄数据虽较多,但其可靠性受到质疑,常规年代学方法在花岗伟晶岩定年中遇到挑战.本文主要对可可托海3号伟晶岩脉多种定年方法所取得年龄数据进行分析,认为由于热液蚀变影响,K-Ar法和40Ar-39Ar法不适合于伟晶岩定年;Rb-Sr等时线法可能因矿物存在放射性87Sr明显丢失而不可用;锆石U-Pb法的适用性取决于锆石情况,如锆石受强烈后期改造(内部细小孔洞和热液边)则年龄数据不可信;未受后期扰动锆石可获得可靠年龄数据.铌钽铁矿U-Pb定年法在伟晶岩定年中具优越性,是当前最可靠方法.基于上述理由,前人研究所获得阿尔泰伟晶岩形成时代(加里东期、印支期和燕山期)有待进一步验证.  相似文献   

藏南定结地区早中新世淡色花岗岩的形成机制及其构造动力学意义   总被引：13，自引：6，他引：7  

于俊杰  曾令森  刘静  高利娥  谢克家 《岩石学报》2011,27(7):1961-1972

定结日玛那穹窿位于高喜马拉雅带中段,由花岗片麻岩、变泥质岩、变基性岩及大量淡色花岗岩等组成,经历了角闪岩-麻粒岩相变质作用。为厘定淡色花岗岩的形成机制以及与高级变质岩的关系,我们对淡色花岗岩和高级变质岩进行了全岩元素和Sr和Nd同位素组成和SHRIMP锆石U-Pb地质年代学测试。全岩元素和Sr-Nd同位素测试结果揭示淡色花岗岩具有以下特征:(1)高SiO₂ (>72%),高Al₂O₃ (>12%)和高A/CNK比值 (>1.0);(2)高Rb,低Sr,高Rb/Sr比值(>1.0);(3)高∑REE和明显的负Eu异常;(4)高Sr同位素初始比值(0.7621~0.8846)和低ε_Nd(t)值(-13.0~-20.2)。淡色花岗岩的高Rb/Sr比值和Sr-Nd同位素系统特征表明其形成机制为主要为白云母脱水部分熔融作用,源区为由花岗片麻岩和变泥质岩组成的混合源区。SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年代学研究揭示出定结地区淡色花岗岩具有21.0±0.7Ma和15.8±0.1Ma 2期年龄,花岗片麻岩的锆石变质增生边年龄为22.2±1.4Ma,与该区的榴辉岩退变质年龄一致。这些数据共同表明,花岗片麻岩和 变泥质岩在22~21Ma发生高级变质和深熔作用,形成早期淡色花岗岩岩浆,在~16Ma进一步深熔,形成晚期淡色花岗岩岩浆。  相似文献   

Constrains from magmatic and hydrothermal epidotes on crystallization of granitic magma and sulfide mineralization in Paleoproterozoic Malanjkhand Granitoid,Central India     

《Chemie der Erde / Geochemistry》2014,74(4):715-733

  相似文献