阿尔泰造山带花岗片麻岩穹窿的形成与演化   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4       下载免费PDF全文

庄育勋  陈斌 《岩石矿物学杂志》1993,12(2):115-125

在中国阿尔泰造山带中,沿各区域热动力异常中心发育了巨大的混合花岗片麻岩穹窿。由变质围岩到混合花岗片麻岩,在地质产状、变形作用、变质作用、岩石学和地球化学等方面都表现出连续性和继承性的变化特点。可以划分为两个岩石系列:变质酸性火山岩—浅粒岩—浅色混合花岗片麻岩系列和千枚岩—云母片岩—黑云混合花岗片麻岩系列。以区域热动力异常为中心,形成了递增变质热穹窿—递进变质构造穹窿—混合花岗片麻岩穹窿这种具有密切成生联系、时空演化过程统一的三位一体的热—构造—片麻岩(Thermal—Structural—Gneiss)穹窿(简称TSG穹窿)。它们是在造山挤压缩短、沿区域热动力异常中心深部热流上涌和发生差异性塑性底辟隆起、剥蚀的过程中形成的。  相似文献   

湘中白马山-龙山金矿带穹隆控矿规律分析   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

李己华  吴继承  周遗军 《黄金地质》2004,10(4):32-36

期望通过对湘中白马山-龙山金矿带的穹隆和发育于其核部的次级断裂与金(锑)矿成矿关系的深入研究来拓宽找矿思路.在野外调研的基础上,总结矿带上古台山、大乘山、龙山3个主要穹隆的地质特征及其对金(锑)矿的控制作用,认为穹隆为矿带的主要控矿构造,其核部的放射状断裂为容矿构造,并在此基础上建立了矿带的穹隆控矿模式.在金(锑)矿床勘查与找矿预测方面,提出应从穹隆的整体出发,重视对不同方向断裂的控矿性研究.通过对成矿带上不同穹隆剥蚀度的研究认为,大乘山穹隆为有利的找矿部位.  相似文献   

Mesozoic–Tertiary structural evolution of an extensional gneiss dome—the Kesebir–Kardamos dome, eastern Rhodope (Bulgaria–Greece)     

Nikolay Bonev  Jean-Pierre Burg  Zivko Ivanov 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》2006,95(2):318-340

The tectonic evolution of the Rhodope massif involves Mid-Cretaceous contractional deformation and protracted Oligocene and Miocene extension. We present structural, kinematic and strain data on the Kesebir–Kardamos dome in eastern Rhodope, which document early Tertiary extension. The dome consists of three superposed crustal units bounded by a low-angle NNE-dipping detachment on its northern flank in Bulgaria. The detachment separates footwall gneiss and migmatite in a lower unit from intermediate metamorphic and overlying upper sedimentary units in the hanging wall. The high-grade metamorphic rocks of the footwall have recorded isothermal decompression. Direct juxtaposition of the sedimentary unit onto footwall rocks is due to local extensional omission of the intermediate unit. Structural analysis and deformational/metamorphic relationships give evidence for several events. The earliest event corresponds to top-to-the SSE ductile shearing within the intermediate unit, interpreted as reflecting Mid-Late Cretaceous crustal thickening and nappe stacking. Late Cretaceous–Palaeocene/Eocene late-tectonic to post-tectonic granitoids that intruded into the intermediate unit between 70 and 53 Ma constrain at least pre-latest Late Cretaceous age for the crustal-stacking event. Subsequent extension-related deformation caused pervasive mylonitisation of the footwall, with top-to-the NNE ductile, then brittle shear. Ductile flow was dominated by non-coaxial deformation, indicated by quartz c-axis fabrics, but was nearly coaxial in the dome core. Latest events relate to brittle faulting that accommodated extension at shallow crustal levels on high-angle normal faults and additional movement along strike-slip faults. Radiometric and stratigraphic constraints bracket the ductile, then brittle, extensional events at the Kesebir–Kardamos dome between 55 and 35 Ma. Extension began in Paleocene–early Eocene time and displacement on the detachment led to unroofing of the intermediate unit, which supplied material for the syn-detachment deposits in supra-detachment basin. Subsequent cooling and exhumation of the footwall unit from beneath the detachment occurred between 42 and 37 Ma as indicated by mica cooling ages in footwall rocks, and extension proceeded at brittle levels with high-angle faulting constrained at 35 Ma by the age of hydrothermal adularia crystallized in open spaces created along the faults. This was followed by Late Eocene–Oligocene post-detachment overlap successions and volcanic activity. Crustal extension described herein is contemporaneous with the closure of the Vardar Ocean to the southwest. It has accommodated an earlier hinterland-directed unroofing of the Rhodope nappe complex, and may be pre-cursor of, and/or make a transition to the Aegean back-arc extension that further contributed to its exhumation during the Late Miocene. This study underlines the importance of crustal extension at the scale of the Rhodope massif, in particular, in the eastern Rhodope region, as it recognizes an early Tertiary extension that should be considered in future tectonic models of the Rhodope and north Aegean regions.  相似文献   

中祁连山东段史纳村一带湟源岩群表壳岩的变质作用及地化特征     

白云来  邓亚萍  程建生 《甘肃地质》1998,7(2):54-62

甘、青交界处民和县史纳村一带早元古宙湟源岩群表壳岩属一套“有层无序”地层,岩石组合为石英岩、绢云（二云）石英片岩、黑云斜长石英片岩、含榴（十字）二云石英片岩、角闪片岩等。晋宁旋回主要发生了区域动力热流变质作用,出现了从低绿片岩相—低角闪岩相的递增变质带,高峰期变质条件Ｐ＝３．８×１０８～４．８×１０８Ｐａ,Ｔ＝５５８～６４５℃。该套岩层具“褶叠层”性质,新测得Ｓｍ－Ｎａ全岩等时线年龄为１９００Ｍａ,为古元古代地质事件。变质作用Ｐ－Ｔ－ｔ轨迹具逆时针特征,表明此时为活动大陆边缘或是大陆岛弧环境。地质、地球化学资料表明湟源岩群表壳岩形成于大陆边缘裂谷环境,碎屑岩Ｎａ２Ｏ＋Ｋ２Ｏ＝５．２８×１０－２,Ｖ／Ｎｉ＝７,Ｓｃ／Ｎｉ＝１,Ｓｃ／Ｓｒ＝０．１。  相似文献   

大别山核部罗田穹隆形成的构造及年代学证据   总被引：7，自引：1，他引：7  

王国灿  杨巍然 《地球科学》1996,(5)

从构造学和年代学两方面论证了东大别核部地区罗田穹隆构造的存在及发育历程，揭示了穹隆形成于大约１５０～９５Ｍａ期间．穹隆不同部位广泛显示的顺片麻理的正向韧性滑脱构造以及由边缘到核部矿物的冷却年龄逐渐年轻，表明了穹隆的形成是顶托式差异隆升的结果．穹隆发育过程中还叠加了多种型式的韧性剪切变形，造成穹隆构造面貌的复杂性．这些运动型式主要有环绕穹隆的高角度左旋走滑，北东－南西向高角度左旋走滑以及沿麻城－药铺－青山剥离断层发生向北西的滑脱等．穹隆形成的构造背景与印支—早燕山期碰撞而加厚的大别岩石圈在燕山期发生拆沉并引起地壳的伸展有关  相似文献   

安徽庐枞地区中生代火山岩区巴家滩火山穹窿的研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杨荣勇  任启江 《地质论评》1996,42(2):136-143

巴家滩杂岩体位于庐枞中生代火山构造洼地的中心。地质填图，重、磁异常和卫片影象均显示出其为火山穹窿的特征。岩石、矿物地球化学的研究表明，辉石粗安岩与辉石二长岩同源，分别为火山穹窿的上部和根部。辉石二长岩形成于高温、超浅成的环境下，贫水、粘度较高的岩浆有利于火山穹窿的形成。本文根据地质资料的分析，揭示了巴家滩火山穹窿的演化历史。  相似文献   

Reservoir geochemistry of South Pass 61 Field, Gulf of Mexico: compositional heterogeneities reflecting filling history and biodegradation   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

A.G. Holba  L.I.P. Dzou  J.J. Hickey  S.G. Franks  S.J. May  T. Lenney 《Organic Geochemistry》1996,24(12):1179-1198

Cluster analysis of GC data for gasoline and mid-range hydrocarbon ratios from fifty-one South Pass 61 Field oils reveals geochemically similar oil clusters corresponding to geographically coherent groups. Insight into the groupings is obtained from examination of indicators of geochemical processes, e.g., anaerobic biodegradation, aerobic biodegradation and extensive remigration of light ends. Six duplicate samples collected in 1986 and 1992 as well as replicate runs on a single sample showed excellent analytical reproducibility.Subtle but consistent differences in both gasoline and oil-range hydrocarbon maturity indicators are observed between the east, west, and far west flanks of the field, suggesting filling of different segments of the reservoir from different kitchens at slightly different stages of thermal maturity or with slightly different chemical character. The west flank of the salt dome was charged with slightly more thermally mature petroleum than the east flank. The stratigraphically oldest and deepest sand on the far west flank has received the most mature petroleum. Different fluid contacts and GORs are observed in different sands and different fault blocks. The stacked pay geometry of the field and widespread faulting have led to considerable remigration of gas and condensate as observed in other fields in the Gulf of Mexico (Thompson, 1987).Biodegradation varies in severity with depth and reservoir zone, but is frequently overprinted by remigration of light end hydrocarbons. Anaerobic biodegradation by sulfate-reducing bacteria is probably the cause of light to moderate alteration in intermediate depth Pliocene sands which are hydraulically connected to the salt dome (with dissolution of anhydrite from the salt dome providing the sulfate). Widespread late pyrite formation in reservoir sandstones is inferred to represent the ultimate sink for reduced sulfur from sulfate reduction during oil biodegradation. Co-produced water compositions suggest no oxygenated freshwater infusion.  相似文献   

藏南深反射测线附近地表地质观察研究成果   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

岳永君  蒋忠惕  武长得  李冀湘  William S.F.  Kidd Mike Edward 《地球学报》1996,17(2):177-186

本文简要介绍了ＩＮＤＥＰＴＨ项目地质组１９９４年和１９９５年间沿ＩＮＤＥＰＴＨ—Ｉ路线进行的野外填图工作的初步研究成果。它们是：①在帕里西北确定了高喜马拉雅与特提斯喜马拉雅之间拆离带的存在；③在帕里北发现了一套特提斯沉积，从而提出帕里西北的拆离带有可能穿过南北方向的亚东－谷露裂谷，而没有大规模错开；③在特提斯喜马拉雅带中确定了两条具一定规模的逆冲断裂；④发现康马穹窿存在两期构造变形，早期为上盘向北运动，晚期为横弯造穹作用。最后，结合深反射资料进一步讨论了康马穹窿与藏南拆离带之间的关系。  相似文献   

Tree-ring evidence for 1842–1843 eruptive activity at the Goat Rocks dome,Mount St. Helens,Washington     

David K Yamaguchi  Donald B Lawrence 《Bulletin of Volcanology》1993,55(4):264-272

Until the 18 May 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens, a debris fan and adjacent forest downslope from the dacitic Goat Rocks dome, on the north flank of the volcano, contained evidence that the dome was active in 1842 or 1843. The fan was destroyed by the debris avalanche of 18 May. Before 1980, the oldest tree cored on the debris fan showed that the fan predated 1855 by a few years. The young age of this tree suggests that the dome was active several decades after extrusion of the nearby andesitic floating island lava flow, dated to 1800. An anomalous series of narrow rings that starts with the 1843 ring is present in cores from two older trees adjacent to the fan. These ring-width patterns imply that these trees were damaged in late 1842 or early 1843 by flowage material from the dome; the trees were probably singed by an ash-cloud surge that originated on the dome as a hot-rock avalanche. Several lines of evidence suggest that the anomalous ring patterns record tree injury by surge, rather than by lahars or nonvolcanic causes (climate or insects). First, comparable ring patterns formed in all sampled trees that survived the 18 May surge, but formed in only a few sampled trees abraded or partially buried by 18 May lahars. Second, a 13-cm fine-ash layer, consistent with either tephra fall or surge emplacement, was present on the 1840s forest floor; yet the lack of similar tree-ring responses to 1980 tephra fall shows that such minor tephra fall could not have caused the ring patterns. Third, identical 1843 narrow-ring patterns are absent in control trees further from the volcano. The ring patterns of the trees adjacent to the Goat Rocks fan provide the first field evidence that the dome was active in late 1842 or early 1843. Thus, the new tree-ring dates confirm stratigraphic evidence for the youth of the activity of the Goat Rocks dome. They also link historical accounts of mid nineteenth century volcanism at Mount St. Helen with continuing dome extrusion. The dates additionally corroborate and revise the dacite-andesite-dacite petrologic cycle interpretation of Mount St. Helens' Goat Rocks eruptive period (1800–1857). They constrain the cycle to no more than 43 years. Lastly, the dates support the notion that the vent that erupted the 1800 dacitic T tephra was different from the one that produced the Goat Rocks dome. We infer that the magma that formed the floating-island lava flow plugged the T tephra vent. This forced residual magma from the compositionally zoned magma chamber into an alternate conduit. The second conduit produced the unnamed 1842 lithic tephra and the Goat Rocks dome.  相似文献   

Metastable staurolite–cordierite assemblage of the Bossòst dome: Late Variscan decompression and polyphase metamorphism in the Axial Zone of the central Pyrenees     

Jochen E. Mezger  Cees W. Passchier  Jean-Luc Régnier 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2004,336(9):827-837

A kilometre-scale shear zone is recognized in the Cambro–Ordovician schist of the Bossòst dome, a Variscan metamorphic and structural dome in the Axial Zone of the central Pyrenees. Non-coaxial deformation is recorded by rotated garnet and staurolite porphyroblasts following regional metamorphism M₁, while coaxial conditions prevailed during later contact metamorphic M₂ growth of andalusite and cordierite. Mineral compositions and bulk rock analyses show that garnet–staurolite–andalusite–cordierite assemblages are significantly enriched in Mg and Mn over the garnet–staurolite assemblage, which lacks sufficient Mg for cordierite to form. The garnet–staurolite assemblage preserves conditions during M₁, estimated by AFM diagrams and P–T pseudosections to be 5.5 kbar and 580 °C, respectively. Pseudosections also indicate that staurolite is not a stable phase in cordierite–andalusite assemblages of M₂, suggesting polyphase metamorphism and decompression along a clockwise P–T path for the staurolite–cordierite–andalusite assemblages. This concurs with proposed extensional tectonics along the regional shear zone. To cite this article: J.E. Mezger et al., C. R. Geoscience 336 (2004).  相似文献