Cristallisation fractionnée et contamination crustale dans la série magmatique jurassique transitionnelle du Haut Atlas central (Maroc)Fractional crystallisation and crustal contamination in the transitional Jurassic magmatic series of Central High Atlas (Morocco)     

Rachid Zayane  Abderrahim Essaifi  René C Maury  Alain Piqué  Edgard Laville  Mohamed Bouabdelli 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2002,334(2):97-104

The Middle Jurassic plutonism of the Central High Atlas (Morocco) was emplaced in N45° trending anticlinal ridges. It is characterised by various petrographic facies including mafic rocks (troctolites), intermediate rocks (diorites, monzodiorites), and evolved rocks (syenites), together with heterogeneous facies resulting from mixing between acidic and the intermediate magmas. Mineralogical and chemical data show (i) the transitional character of the Jurassic magmatic series of the Central High Atlas and (ii) the implication of continental crust as a contaminant during fractional crystallization. To cite this article: R. Zayane et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 97–104.  相似文献   

Preliminary optical and radiocarbon age determinations for Upper Pleistocene alluvial sediments in the southern Anti Atlas Mountains,MoroccoDatation des sédiments alluviaux du Pléistocène supérieur du versant sud de l'Anti-Atlas,Maroc     

Martin Thorp  Peter Glanville  Stephen Stokes  Richard Bailey 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2002,334(12):903-908

This paper presents the first results of a ¹⁴C and optical luminescence dating project on extensive alluvial silt formations in the southern Anti Atlas Mountains in southern Morocco. The silts comprise three members: basal silts, an inter-silt fluvial gravel member and a top silt member and are incised by the rivers. Top silt dates are: 11 340–11 940, 12 670–13 130 cal. yr BP, and 10.6±0.7 ka (OSL). OSL dates for the inter-silt gravels are 29.6±2.0 ka and for the bottom silts is 45.0±3.7 ka. The sediments correlate with Soltanian stratigraphies known elsewhere in Morocco. To cite this article: M. Thorp et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 903–908.  相似文献   

Interpretation of Holocene lake-level change from diatom assemblages in Lake Sidi Ali,Middle Atlas,Morocco   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

P. A. Barker  N. Roberts  H. F. Lamb  S. van der Kaars  A. Benkaddour 《Journal of Paleolimnology》1994,12(3):223-234

While palaeohydrological changes in non-outlet lakes provide a key proxy indicator of past climatic fluctuations, for lake systems which have been chemically insensitive, it is necessary to use indicators of water depth rather than salinity to reconstruct their hydro- climatic histories. A study of diatoms in the modern sediments of Sidi Ali, a non-outlet lake in the Middle Atlas of Morocco, has shown a statistically significant correlation between water depth and the ratio of planktonic to littoral diatoms. This relationship is used to calibrate fossil diatom assemblages from a lake sediment core from the same lake to provide a quantitative index of water levels over the pastc. 6500 years. Palaeoecological evidence suggests that climatically induced hydrological variations have dominated the bulk of the mid-late Holocene lake sediment record, with significant human-induced catchment disturbance only occurring during the twentieth century. The pattern of water depth fluctuations suggests that the response time of the regional groundwater system to climatic forcing is <100 years.This is the third in a series of papers published in this issue on the paleolimnology of arid regions. These papers were presented at the Sixth International Palaeolimnology Symposium held 19–21 April, 1993 at the Australian National University, Canberra, Australia. Dr A. R. Chivas served as guest editor for these papers.  相似文献   

湖北省行政区划图集的设计思想     

何丽华  徐汉卿 《地理空间信息》2010,8(3):128-130

为社会经济发展全面布局、统筹规划与宏观决策提供重要科学依据,将权威、法定的区划、地名和界线信息以地图形式直观地显示,湖北省首次开展了《湖北省行政区划图集》编制工作。在图集设计工作中,围绕使用资料权威性、内容表达系统性和图面形式艺术性主题,对图集内容、编排、配置、工艺、色彩及符号等环节进行了大量设计实践工作,创新表达了图集结构、表示方法、整饰等方面,为区域行政区划图集设计探索了工作思路,并可向同类型地图集设计提供技术经验。  相似文献   

特征数据模型在《南极赛博地图集》数据描述中的应用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张春奎  庞小平  鄂栋臣 《测绘与空间地理信息》2006,29(1):7-10

地理特征是地球空间上客观存在、具有描述信息的地理实体。特征数据模型倾向于对地理实体的概念描述,它从几何分布、专题要素与时态变化三个方面来描述地理特征,能够实现语义层次上的数据共享。这对于以数据共享和地图制图为主要目的的《南极赛博地图集》来说,能够很好地对南极数据进行抽象和概括。因此,本文就如何利用特征数据模型对地图集中的南极数据进行描述作了阐述。  相似文献   

大比例尺地貌晕渲的几种制作方法及比较   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

史保勇  李雪梅 《地理空间信息》2007,5(4):99-102

针对大比例尺地貌晕渲生成存在的问题,介绍了基于Atlas3D、基于Arc/Info、基于3DSMax三种制作大比例尺地貌晕渲的方法,并进行了比较。  相似文献   

Neotectonics and associate seismicity in the Eastern Tellian Atlas of Algeria   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

A. Harbi  S. Maouche  A. Ayadi 《Journal of Seismology》1999,3(1):95-104

Seismicity in the Eastern Tellian Atlas of Algeria is active of moderate to low magnitude. The direct identification of active fault is often a difficult task. In fact, in this region, despite the intense seismicity, only the Constantine earthquake of 27 October, 1985 ( M s = 5.7) and the Kherrata earthquake of 17 February, 1949 ( M s = 4.7), have generated surface ruptures. Hence, the integration of both geological, historical and instrumental seismic data are important in order to characterise the most important seismogenic structures. This paper presents a preliminary overview of the identified neotectonic faults that we consider active in the Eastern Tellian Atlas of Algeria. Thus, seismicity and neotectonic maps are presented and the faults which are active or potentially active from a neotectonic point of view are shown in relation with the main seismic groupings. This study based mainly on available seismic and bibliographic data and several unpublished marine seismic data enable us to suspect a fault as the eventual source of the Jijeli earthquake of 21 August 1856 that destroyed the Jijeli town and its surroundings. The results inferred from this work represent a starting point for more detailed studies in seismogenic areas.  相似文献   

A Gravel Outwash/Deformation till Continuum, Skalafellsjokull, Iceland     

David J. A. Evans 《Geografiska Annaler: Series A, Physical Geography》2000,82(4):499-512

A stratigraphic sequence exposed by river erosion in the foreland of Skalafellsjokull, southern Iceland, displays five lithofacies documenting glaciofluvial deposition followed by glaciotectonic disturbance and subglacial deformation. Lithofacies 1a and 1b are glaciotectonically thrust glaciofluvial outwash and subglacial deformation till respectively from an early advance of Skalafellsjokull. Lithofacies 2, massive gravels and clast–supported diamictons, documents the deposition of glaciofluvial outwash in the proto–River Skala prior to overriding by Skalafellsjokull during the Little Ice Age. During overriding, lithofacies 2 was glaciotectonically disturbed and now possesses the clast fabric and structural characteristics of G _B (non–penetratively deformed) and G _A (penetratively deformed) type glaciotectonites. A shear zone separates lithofacies 2 from overlying lithofacies 3, the latter possessing the clast fabric signature of a D _A (dilatant) type deformation till although it was originally deposited as a discontinuous diamicton within a glaciofluvial sequence, probably as a hyperconcentrated flow, and appears to have been at least partially derived from underlying materials by glaciotectonic cannibalization. Lithofacies 4 is a glaciofluvial deposit comprising two coarseningupward sequences of gravel and diamicton. These facies have been overprinted with G _B glaciotectonite and D _A?B (dilatant to non–dilatant) deformation till structures and clast fabrics recording a vertical progression towards more pervasively deformed material. The sequence is capped by lithofacies 5, a two–tiered deformation till possessing the characteristics of D _A and D _B horizon subglacial tills previously reported from Icelandic glacier snouts. The whole sequence comprising lithofacies 2–5 represents a gravel outwash/deformation till continuum displaying variable strain signaturesproduced in response to stress induced by the overriding of Skalafellsjokull during the Little Ice Age. These signatures are dictated by the sediment rheology and a vertical strain profile for the sediment pile during glacier overriding is reconstructed.  相似文献   

Two complimentary and integrated land uses of the western High Atlas Mountains, Morocco: the potential for sustainable rural livelihoods     

C. J. Barrow  H. Hicham 《Applied geography (Sevenoaks, England)》2000,20(4)

This paper examines the status of traditional agriculture in two areas of Azilal province in the Atlas Mountains, seeking to identify what is needed to counter any breakdown in livelihood strategies and improve the quality of life enjoyed by the farmers. Irrigated terrace agriculture is an important part of livelihood strategies in the areas studied and has the potential to be more productive and sustainable. In some areas it is reported to be endangered by socioeconomic changes and highland land degradation caused by excessive shifting cultivation, sheep and goat grazing, and charcoal production. Field visits made during summer 1998 to establish the condition of irrigated terrace and runoff agriculture and the factors affecting it showed that in at least one of the villages supportive social capital has ensured that challenges are being met and beneficial innovations are being made. Considerable variation in success was evident from community to community, with some farmers maintaining adequate lifestyles and innovating, while in other communities prospects are less promising. The effects of structural adjustment have clearly been felt and may also have triggered some of the highland degradation and difficulties, which clearly threaten some irrigated terrace agriculture and other livelihood practices.  相似文献   

Areas of the global major river plumes     

KANG Yan  PAN Delu  BAI Yan  HE Xianqiang  CHEN Xiaoyan  CHEN Chen-Tung Arthur  WANG Difeng 《海洋学报(英文版)》2013,32(1):79-88

River plumes are the regions where the most intense river-sea-land interaction occurs, and they are characterized by complex material transport and biogeochemical processes. However, due to their highly dynamic nature, global river plume areas have not yet been determined for use in synthetic studies of global oceanography. Based on global climatological monthly averaged salinity data from the NOAA World Ocean Atlas 2009 (WOA09), and monthly averaged salinity contour maps of the East and South China Seas from the Chinese Marine Atlas, we extract the monthly plume areas of major global rivers using a geographic information system (GIS) technique. Only areas with salinities that are three salinity units lower than the average salinity in each ocean are counted. This conservative estimate shows that the minimum and maximum monthly values of the total plume area of the world’s 19 largest rivers are 1.72 × 10 6 km 2 in May and 5.38 × 10 6 km 2 in August. The annual mean area of these river plumes (3.72 × 10 6 km 2 ) takes up approximately 14.2% of the total continental shelves area worldwide (26.15 × 10 6 km 2 ). This paper also presents river plume areas for different oceans and latitude zones, and analyzes seasonal variations of the plume areas and their relationships with river discharge. These statistics describing the major global river plume areas can now provide the basic data for the various flux calculations in the marginal seas, and therefore will be of useful for many oceanographic studies.  相似文献