Timing of granite emplacement and cooling in the Songpan–Garzê Fold Belt (eastern Tibetan Plateau) with tectonic implications     

F. Roger  J. Malavieille  Ph. H. Leloup  S. Calassou  Z. Xu 《Journal of Asian Earth Sciences》2004,22(5):465

New U–Pb and Rb–Sr geochronology on syn- and post-orogenic granites provide constraints on the timing of major tectonic events in the Songpan–Garzê fold belt, west Sichuan, China. The Ma Nai granite was probably syn-kinematic with the main deformation and yields an age of 197±6 Ma that is interpreted as an upper age limit of the Indosinian event. Zircons and apatites from the post-kinematic Rilonguan granite also yield Jurassic ages (195±6 and 181±4 Ma). The post-orogenic Markam massif gives two ages of 188±1 and 153±3 Ma. Both granites are undeformed and cut structures in the Triassic sedimentary rocks. These results demonstrate that the major deformation and décollement tectonics in the Songpan–Garzê fold belt occurred prior to the Early Jurassic. The wide range of ages obtained for post-kinematic granites (from Early Jurassic to Late Jurassic) suggests that, locally, magmatic activity persisted for a long time (at least 50 Ma) after the Indosinian compressional tectonism. No Tertiary ages have been obtained, suggesting that these granites were not affected strongly by the India–Asia collision.  相似文献   

Orogenic structure of the Eastern Alps, Europe, from TRANSALP deep seismic reflection profiling     

Ewald Lüschen  Bernd Lammerer  Helmut Gebrande  Karl Millahn  Rinaldo Nicolich  TRANSALP Working Group 《Tectonophysics》2004,388(1-4):85

The TRANSALP Group, comprising of partner institutions from Italy, Austria and Germany, acquired data on a 340 km long deep seismic reflection line crossing the Eastern Alps between Munich and Venice. Although the field work was split into four campaigns, between fall 1998 and summer 2001, the project gathered for the first time a continuous profile across the Alps using consistent field acquisition and data processing parameters. These sections span the orogen itself, at its broadest width, as well as the editor Fred Davey and the two adjacent basins. Vibroseis and explosion data, complementary in their depth penetration and resolution characteristics, were obtained along with wide-angle and teleseismic data. The profile shows a bi-vergent asymmetric structure of the crust beneath the Alpine axis which reaches a maximum thickness of 55 km, and 80–100 km long transcrustal ramps, the southward dipping ‘Sub-Tauern-Ramp’ and the northward-dipping ‘Sub-Dolomites-Ramp’. Strongly reflective patterns of these ramps can be traced towards the north to the Inn Valley and towards the south to the Valsugana thrust belt, both of which show enhanced seismicity in the brittle upper crust. The seismic sections do not reveal any direct evidence for the presence of the Periadriatic Fault system, the presumed equivalent to the Insubric Line in the Western Alps. According to our new evolutionary model, the Sub-Tauern-Ramp is linked at depth with remnants of the subducted Penninic Ocean. The ‘crocodile’-type model describes an upper/lower crustal decoupling and wedging of both the European and the Adriatic–African continents.  相似文献   

Paleomagnetic Study of the Juiz de Fora Complex, SE Brazil: Implications for Gondwana     

Manoel Souza D'Agrella-Filho  Maria Irene Bartolomeu Raposo  Marcos Egydio-Silva 《Gondwana Research》2004,7(1):103-113

The Juiz de Fora Complex is mainly composed of granulites, and granodioritic-migmatite gneisses and is a cratonic basement of the Ribeira belt. Paleomagnetic analysis on samples from 64 sites widely distributed along the Além Paraíba dextral shear zone (SE Brazil, Rio de Janeiro State) yielded a northeastern, steep downward inclination direction (Dm=40.4°, Im=75.4, a₉₅=6.0°, K=20.1) for 30 sites. The corresponding paleomagnetic pole (RB) is situated at 335.2°E; 0.6°S (a₉₅=10.0°; K=7.9). Rock magnetism indicates that both (titano)magnetite and titanohematite are the main magnetic minerals responsible for this direction. Anisotropy of low-field magnetic susceptibility (AMS) measurements were used to correct the ChRM directions and consequently its corresponding paleomagnetic pole. This correction yielded a new mean ChRM (Dm = 2.9°, Im = 75.4°, a₉₅ = 6.4°, K = 17.9) whose paleomagnetic pole RBc is located at 320.1°E, 4.2° N (a₉₅=10.3°, K=7.5). Both mean ChRM and paleomagnetic pole obtained from uncorrected and corrected data are statistically different at the 95% confidence circle. Geological and geochronological data suggest that the age of the Juiz de Fora Complex pole is probably between 535–500 Ma, and paleomagnetic results permit further constraint on these ages to the interval 520–500 Ma by comparison with high quality paleomagnetic poles in the 560–500 Ma Gondwana APW path.  相似文献   

DETACHMENT FAULT IN DINGGYE AREA IN THE MIDDLE PART OF THE HIMALAYAN OROGEN     

LIUDemin LIDewei 《大地构造与成矿学(英文版)》2003,27(1):70-80

Dinggye lies in the middle part of the Himalayan Orogen. A lot of low angle extension detachment faults have been developed in Dinggye area and some of them make up the main body of the South Tibet Detachment System. On the whole, the extension direction of all the detachment faults is perpendicular to the strike of the Himalayan Orogen. Each detachment fault has its distinct characteristics. Mylonite was extensively developed in the detachment faults and can be divided into a variety of types such as siliceous mylonite, felsic mylonite, granite mylonite, protomylonite, crystallization mylonite and so on. On the basis of our field survey works, these detachment faults can be classified according to their locations into three units listed as follows: (1) In the northern part of the study area, the detachment faults occur on large scale and in orbicular shape, and form the middle layer of the metamorphic core complexes. (2) In the southern part of the study area, the detachment faults occur in linear shape that is parallel to the Himalayan Orogen and has a stable attitude, and have undergone two phases of development. In the first phase, the Rouqiechun Group rocks were formed and make up the hanging wall, while in the second phase the Jiachun Group rocks were formed and make up the hanging wall. (3) In the southeastern part of the study area, the detachment faults strike nearly along southeast direction in a stable way and some of these detachment faults were distorted by the late-formed faults and folds. Furthermore, in the southwestern part of the study area, the ductile shear zones are parallel to the detachment faults.  相似文献   

Metamorphic history of high-pressure granulites in Payer Land, Greenland Caledonides   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

S. Elvevold  K. Thrane  J. A. Gilotti 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》2003,21(1):49-63

A high‐P granulite facies gneiss complex occurs in north‐west Payer Land (74°28′?74°47′N) in the central part of the East Greenland Caledonian (Ordovician–Devonian) orogen. High‐P metamorphism of the Payer Land gneiss complex resulted in formation of the assemblages Grt + Cpx + Amp + Qtz + Ru ± Pl in mafic rocks, and Grt + Ol + Cpx + Opx + Spl in rare ultramafic pods. Associated metapelites experienced anatexis in the kyanite stability field. Peak metamorphic assemblages formed around 800–850 °C at pressures of c. 1.4–1.7 GPa, corresponding to crustal depths of c. 50 km. Mafic granulites contain abundant reaction textures, including the replacement of garnet by symplectites of Opx + Spl + Pl, indicating that the high‐P event was followed by decompression while the granulites remained at elevated temperatures. Charnockitic gneisses from Payer Land show evidence of late Archean (c. 2.8–2.4 Ga) crustal growth and subsequent Palaeoproterozoic (c. 1.85 Ga) metamorphism. The gneiss complex experienced intense reworking during the Caledonian continental collision. On the basis of Caledonian monazite ages recorded from the high‐P anatectic metapelites, the clockwise P–T evolution and formation of the high‐P granulite facies assemblages is related to Caledonian crustal thickening, which resulted in formation of eclogites approximately 300 km north of Payer Land. The Payer Land granulites comprise a metamorphic core complex, which is separated from the overlying low‐grade supracrustal rocks (the Neoproterozoic Eleonore Bay Supergroup) by a late Caledonian extensional fault zone, the Payer Land Detachment. The steep, nearly isothermal, unloading P–T path recorded by the granulites can be explained by erosional and tectonic unroofing along the Payer Land Detachment.  相似文献   

中国大地构造演化与金矿成矿作用   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

罗镇宽  苗来成  关康  陈革 《地质找矿论丛》1998,13(3):24-34

本文讨论了中国大地构造演化对金矿成矿作用的制约。认为中国华北克拉通化时间较晚,变形变质作用强烈,显生宙又遭受多次板块运动的叠加改造,有利于前寒武纪金矿的形成和保存。显生宙以来在中国古陆块周边发生了四次大的板块碰撞或俯冲造山运动,即塔里木－华北克拉通北缘及其以北地区的海西期造山运动;昆仑－祁连－秦岭地区的海西－印支期造山运动;西南地区印支－喜山期的喜马拉雅造山运动,东部大兴安岭－太行山－豫西－鄂西＝  相似文献   

东北巴西博尔博雷玛省地质构造发育背景     

高坪仙 《华北地质》1998,21(4):2

东北巴西大部分属于博尔博雷玛省（Borborema）。全省可划分三个构造域,在克拉通化期间经历了三个主要构造热事件：2600Ma（太古宙）、2000Ma（古元古或外亚马孙）和700Ma到550Ma的巴西利亚事件。主老的太古宙片麻岩构造窗分布较广泛,它主要是由高级再造的灰色片麻岩组成,受剪切带所限,多形成穹窿或半穹窿状。元古宙地层大多出露在太古宙基底之间的片岩带区。晚元古巴西利亚运动期间,博尔博雷玛地区发育了一个复杂的大陆尺度韧性走滑剪切网络。它们是泛非-巴西利亚造山运动期间发育的地壳规模超大陆网络的一部分,其形成可能与周围主要克拉通的相对位移有关。  相似文献   

苏北高压-超高压变质变形作用与成矿     

樊金涛  程振香 《大地构造与成矿学》1998,22(1):65-74

苏北榴辉岩经历了5期以上变质变形作用,其中至少有两期高压或超高压变质变形作用。其pTt轨迹呈顺时针方向旋转。榴辉岩形成后,随着地体的反弹、推覆,于印支期末迅速回返到中地壳,再经燕山期-喜山期区域隆升和拉伸折返,最终剥露于现代侵蚀面。苏胶造山带至少经历了晋宁期、印支期和燕山期三次造陆或造山运动。苏北榴辉岩等的成矿组合为金红石、蓝晶石、金刚石、石榴红宝石及水晶等。  相似文献   

河南省地洼型造山运动与金矿成矿   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

杨群周  彭省临 《大地构造与成矿学》1998,22(4):301-308

河南省内地洼型造山经历了汇聚型到离散型的转换,造成早期断裂的重新活动,并引起燕山期重熔型花岗岩浆活动,控制了金矿成矿的时空分布（过渡际成矿作用）,形成了45个Ⅳ级大地构造单元。金矿受层位控制明显,前地洼阶段的金矿化使金在一些地质体中初步富集。地洼阶段的（叠加）金矿化主要发生在离散型的地洼型造山过程中,对省内金的工业矿床的形成起到决定作用。燕山期重熔型花岗岩浆活动和不同型式、不同规模、不同期次的构造活动是金矿成矿的必要条件。分析了金矿床的形成机制,并指出了找金的有利地区。  相似文献   

Post-collisional Variscan lamprophyres (Black Forest, Germany): Ar/Ar phlogopite dating, Nd, Pb, Sr isotope, and trace element characteristics     

E. Hegner  M. Klbl-Ebert  J. Loeschke 《Lithos》1998,45(1-4):395-411

Subsequent to high-pressure and temperature metamorphism of the axial zone of the Variscan foldbelt in central Europe at ca. 340 to 330 Ma, formation of lamprophyre dikes during transtensional tectonics may be viewed as the beginning of the post-collisional stage of the orogeny. We report the results of ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar mica dating, major and trace element data, and isotope compositions for lamprophyre and rhyodacite samples from the southern Black Forest. The chemical compositions of these rocks shed light on the upper mantle and crust at the end of the Variscan orogeny. ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar plateau ages for four phlogopite–biotite separates from lamprophyres indicate emplacement at 332 to 314 Ma. This event coincides with melting of the crust as indicated by ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar biotite plateau ages of ca. 332 Ma for rhyodacite dikes which are probably related to coeval undeformed granites. Incompatible trace element patterns of the lamprophyre samples reveal the characteristics of evolved continental crust and are interpreted as evidence for melting of sediment in a subduction-modified mantle. Nd, Sr, and Pb isotope compositions indicate an enriched mantle source with _Nd-values of −1.5 to −6.8 which is similar to Variscan crust. Significant contamination of the lamprophyric melts by Variscan crust can be ruled out as mantle-derived phlogopite phenocrysts have similar _Nd-values as in the whole-rock samples. We propose that the isotope compositions and incompatible trace element characteristics of the lamprophyres were predominantly inherited from melted sediment. The isotope compositions of Variscan lamprophyres from western Europe suggest that enriched upper mantle was only partly delaminated when ascending hot mantle triggered melting of the lower crust, as has been invoked for the origin of post-collisional granites. The isotope compositions of Tertiary basalts and mantle xenoliths indicate a depleted upper mantle under western Europe, implying that the enriched Variscan material was efficiently removed and mixed into the convecting mantle.  相似文献