Metamorphic reactions related to decompression and synkinematic intrusion of leucogranite, High Himalayan Crystallines, Bhutan'pa     

C. DAVIDSON  D.E. GRUJIC†  L. S. HOLLISTER  & S. M. SCHMID 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》1997,15(5):593-612

The High Himalayan Crystallines (HHC) of Bhutan were penetratively deformed, intruded by leucogranite and metamorphosed during the collision of the Indian and Asian plates. Metamorphic reaction textures in the HHC show that it experienced decompression while maintaining a laterally heterogeneous, and locally inverted, internal temperature range of c. 600–750  °C. This thermal structure was produced by thrusting hot, migmatitic rocks over lower-grade rocks within the HHC and by the advection of heat from the intrusion of leucogranite dykes and sills during decompression. A variable velocity field within the HHC during exhumation and extrusion between India and Tibet caused the inversion of top to the south sense of shear present throughout most of the HHC to top down to the north shear near its top.  相似文献   

Anatexis in Himalayan crust: Evidence from geochemical and chronological investigations of Higher Himalayan Crystallines   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

YANG Xiaosong  JIN Zhenmin & MA Jin . State Key Laboratory of Earthquake Dynamics  Institute of Geology  China Earthquake Administration  Beijing  China  . Faculty of Earth Sciences  China University of Geosciences  Wuhan  China 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2005,48(9):1347-1356

The Higher Himalayan leucogranites (HHL) are of great interest for the following reasons: (1) determin- ing the correlations of HHL with HHC may help us to understand metamorphism, deformation and magam- tism during the post-collision period; (2) the Himala- yan orogeny provides an ideal spot to validate the ex- isting models and theories of granite origin during the post-collision period, and to understand the role of anatexis on orogenic crustal evolution. Although nu- merous attempts ha…  相似文献   

Jinning granodiorite and diorite deeply concealed in the central Tarim Basin   总被引：9，自引：1，他引：8  

LI Yuejun    SONG Wenjie  WU Genyao  WANG Yifen  LI Yuping & ZHENG Duoming . Institute of Geology & Geophysics  Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing  China  . Tarim Oil-field Company  PetroChina  Korla  China 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2005,48(12):2061-2068

The Tarkelamagan Desert almost wholly covers the Tarim Basin, therefore, existing geological reports of the basin mainly concentrate on outcrops in the sur-rounding areas. Data of fundamental geology of the interior of the basin are rare[1―8]. The 7200-m-deep Well Tacan 1 (TC1 for short), the deepest well in China, is located on the Tazhong Lower Uplift of the Central Rise in the central desert of the Tarim Basin (Fig. 1(a)). It reveals a rather complete succession in the region, inclu…  相似文献   

高喜马拉雅变质岩“夕线石带”的地质意义     

任留东  陈炳蔚 《地球科学进展》2004,19(5):715-721

通过对聂拉木高喜马拉雅结晶岩系石榴子石带-十字石带-蓝晶石带-夕线石带倒转变质的研究,认为除夕线石带以外的其它变质带主要由固相变质反应形成。夕线石的出现并非蓝晶石或十字石带递增变质所致。"倒转变质"不应包括所谓的夕线石带。实际上,夕线石化与深熔作用之后的溶液（或熔体）活动更为密切。时间顺序上应是递增变质作用及分带→深熔作用→夕线石化,夕线石的出现不是深熔作用的开始,而是深熔作用的结束。夕线石的形成主要与变形作用过程中黑云母和／或钾长石的分解及碱（土）金属组分的迁移有关,关键在于溶液（或熔体）组分沿裂隙迁移过程中发生的组分逐步沉淀,最早沉凝的Al、Si组分形成夕线石和石英,之后陆续有其它的组分的结晶;细夕线石粗粒化即进一步转化形成柱状夕线石的同时形成蠕英结构和斜长石生长边。夕线石化可能与深熔花岗（片麻）岩的上升过程有关。  相似文献   

The Rand Granite in the southern Schwarzwald and its geodynamic significance in the Variscan belt of SW Germany   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

H.?P.?HannEmail author  F.?Chen  H.?Zedler  W.?Frisch  J.?Loeschke 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》2003,92(6):821-842

The Rand Granite is a heterogeneous metamorphosed granitoid rock complex with numerous wallrock inclusions situated in the Moldanubian Zone at the southern margin of the Central Schwarzwald Gneiss Complex. It is a largely mylonitized elongated body and is thrust over the Badenweiler-Lenzkirch Zone forming a nappe with shear zones along its northern and southern boundaries. It comprises meta-granites, meta-trondhjemites and biotite augen gneisses derived from monzogranites to granodiorites. Mineral behaviour indicates that the magmatic body has been deformed under upper greenschist facies conditions. Nappe thrusting, which also affected the South Schwarzwald Gneiss Complex, occurred in Visean time during high-temperature / low-pressure metamorphism. Kinematic indicators in the mylonites document E- to ESE-directed nappe transport, highly transpressive relative to the trend of the nappe boundaries and the foliation. The trondhjemites formed at 351 +5/-4 Ma, predating the Variscan HT metamorphism. They have initial _Nd-values of +6.6 to +6.7 and relatively low initial ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratios (0.7042 to 0.7063), indicating a predominant mantle origin. The granites and protoliths of the biotite augen gneisses probably crystallised between 436 and 377 Ma, suggested by U-Pb zircon model ages. They are different from the trondhjemites with low initial _Nd-values (–4.7 to –3.3) and higher initial ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratios (0.7068–0.7077), indicating that large part of the Rand Granite originated from anatexis of continental crust. Internal structure of zircons from the Rand Granite reveals mixing of magmas derived from both mantle and crust sources. These new data support an interpretation that the Rand Granite developed along an active continental margin and therefore represents a possible root of a Variscan magmatic arc.  相似文献   

    

P. K. Jha  P. Vaithiyanathan  V. Subramanian 《Environmental Geology》1993,22(1):13-20

Almost the entire suspended load of Yamuna River is transported during the monsoon period; quartz and illite are the dominant minerals of these suspended sediments. Basin lithology, tributary contributions, and sediment grain size seem to control mineral distribution in the sediments. Trace metal concentrations of Yamuna core sediments reflect their mineralogical composition. Illite is the chief clay mineral of the Himalayan river sediments. The mineralogical characteristics of the Himalayan river sediments differ significantly from the Peninsular Indian rivers, which chiefly carry montmorillonite.  相似文献   

中生代大兴安岭的隆起——一种可能的陆内造山机制   总被引：31，自引：6，他引：31  

邵济安张履桥  肖庆辉李晓波 《岩石学报》2005,21(3):789-794

本文将大兴安岭中生代地表地质演化,与地壳、上地幔、软流圈不同深部的构造特征结合起来,反演大兴安岭的演化过程:从早中生代底侵作用开始,经过晚中生代的大量壳幔混合岩浆侵位-喷发,大兴安岭完成了造山第一阶段的陆壳增生过程,早白垩世伴随大兴安岭的快速隆升和两侧盆地的沉降,形成了盆-岭构造,完成了造山第二阶段的隆升过程。作者通过大兴安岭的这一独具特色的造山作用,提出陆内造山的一种可能的机制,即伸展造山,同时对陆内造山区别板缘造山的复杂性提出了初步的认识。  相似文献   

云南中西部新生代陆内变形及其动力学     

李余华  李志伟  王登红  田敏  刘和林 《云南地质》2005,24(2):142-150

云南中西部在喜马拉雅期的地壳变形较前新生代有根本性改变褶皱变形总体较弱,以大面积隆起、断块差异运动和某些深大断裂的复活及断陷盆、谷地的形成为主要特点。地震活动活跃,热流异常明显,伴随大规模Cu、Pb、Zn、Ag等多金属成矿作用。陆壳的变形通过大规模断裂作用实现局部调整,而构造隆升在时空演化上表现出来的整体性、差异性和分阶段性,造山方式的多样性和复杂性,实际上是新生代以来云南中、西部地区岩石圈地壳演化及其陆内变形十分复杂的地球动力学过程的综合响应。  相似文献   

云南兰坪盆地喜马拉雅期碱性岩^40Ar／^39Ar年龄及地质意义   总被引：7，自引：1，他引：7       下载免费PDF全文

董方浏莫宣学  侯增谦王勇  毕先梅周肃 《岩石矿物学杂志》2005,24(2):103-109

对侵位于云南兰坪中新生代红层盆地中的碱性岩进行了Ar_Ar同位素定年 ,获得永平卓潘碱性杂岩体的侵入年龄为 36 .70Ma,巍山莲花山碱性石英二长斑岩的侵入年龄为 38.81Ma。兰坪盆地的构造演化受控于古特提斯的闭合及印度与亚洲大陆碰撞的造山作用 ,盆地经历了陆内裂谷、拗陷盆地和走滑盆地 3个阶段的发育过程。喜马拉雅期盆地处于走滑拉分阶段 ,可分为 4个构造幕 ,碱性岩主要在第 1构造幕期间侵入。盆地中的碱性岩体是青藏高原东缘总体呈NW走向的金沙江红河巨型富碱侵入岩带的组成部分。金沙江红河断裂带经历由转换压扭变形(42～ 2 4Ma)到转换张扭变形 (2 4～ 16Ma)、再到东西向伸展 (<16Ma)的过程 ,兰坪盆地的碱性岩发育于转换压扭变形期间。认为兰坪盆地碱性斑岩的侵入和盆地的喜马拉雅期构造演化主要受控于古特提斯扬子地块向西的俯冲板片遗迹引发的地幔上隆和部分熔融  相似文献   

Proposed river-linking project of India: a boon or bane to nature     

Anil Kumar Misra  Anju Saxena  Manish Yaduvanshi  Ajai Mishra  Yogendra Bhadauriya  Alok Thakur 《Environmental Geology》2007,51(8):1361-1376

India is a vast country and is highly diversified in terms of natural resources and socio-economic setup. Moreover, its water resources are unevenly distributed in space and time. With increasing population and increasing aspiration for improved standard of living, there is an acute pressure on the demand and availability of water. Though the idea of interlinking of rivers is not a new concept in India, it had rather persisted long back as much as in other countries of ancient civilization. National Water Development Agency (NWDA) has given the real shape to the proposal of the interlinking of rivers of the country. In India the river-linking project in a sensible and scientific manner will not only allow the prevention of the colossal wastage of a vitally important natural resource, mitigate the flood and inundation by detaining flowing surface water of rainy seasons, but also ensure availability of water to drier areas; combating both flood and drought simultaneously. Moreover, this project will generate 34,000 MW of hydropower and irrigation of an additional 35 million hectares (135,135 square miles) of land. Though linking of rivers may initially appear to be a costly proposition in ecological, geological, hydrological and economical terms, in the long run the net benefits coming from it will far outweigh these costs or losses. However, in the absence of any definite international legal framework, Bangladesh has raised objections against the project. This paper aims at looking at this long-term plan, the project proposal, its involvement and impact not only on the states of India, India as a whole, but also on its neighbouring nations which are linked with India through the waterways, and share the common climatic conditions and economic status.  相似文献