全文获取类型
收费全文 | 3769篇 |
免费 | 672篇 |
国内免费 | 1407篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 180篇 |
大气科学 | 22篇 |
地球物理 | 215篇 |
地质学 | 4979篇 |
海洋学 | 19篇 |
天文学 | 2篇 |
综合类 | 292篇 |
自然地理 | 139篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 9篇 |
2023年 | 39篇 |
2022年 | 85篇 |
2021年 | 133篇 |
2020年 | 109篇 |
2019年 | 138篇 |
2018年 | 123篇 |
2017年 | 82篇 |
2016年 | 153篇 |
2015年 | 190篇 |
2014年 | 320篇 |
2013年 | 222篇 |
2012年 | 269篇 |
2011年 | 323篇 |
2010年 | 281篇 |
2009年 | 320篇 |
2008年 | 312篇 |
2007年 | 302篇 |
2006年 | 335篇 |
2005年 | 227篇 |
2004年 | 223篇 |
2003年 | 198篇 |
2002年 | 164篇 |
2001年 | 198篇 |
2000年 | 157篇 |
1999年 | 183篇 |
1998年 | 162篇 |
1997年 | 136篇 |
1996年 | 95篇 |
1995年 | 57篇 |
1994年 | 49篇 |
1993年 | 51篇 |
1992年 | 52篇 |
1991年 | 23篇 |
1990年 | 26篇 |
1989年 | 18篇 |
1988年 | 14篇 |
1987年 | 17篇 |
1986年 | 15篇 |
1985年 | 15篇 |
1984年 | 14篇 |
1983年 | 2篇 |
1982年 | 2篇 |
1981年 | 2篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
1979年 | 1篇 |
1976年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有5848条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
131.
132.
133.
134.
煤层上覆地层含水不均匀性电法探测的可能性 总被引:5,自引:4,他引:5
煤田上覆岩层中含水直接对煤层的开采构成威胁,本文先从理论上阐述了电阻率勘探可以探测煤层上覆地层含水不均匀性的可能性,然后用简单的断层型薄层含水模型的CSAMT正演模拟结果展示出:地下900m深处,尽管只有20m厚的的含水岩层,但在电阻率剖面上该薄层的反映具有非常明显的特征,从理论上和数值模拟实例说明,一定深度内一定厚度的薄层含水性的电阻率法探测是可能的。 相似文献
135.
An unusual liptinite coal component has been reported in the Chinese literature over the past sixty years. It has been described as a maceral in the Chinese National Standard (1991), but it has not been named internationally. In Chinese literature it is called “barkinite”, on the basis of its morphological features and because it is believed to have originated as bark tissue.“Barkinite” occurs in Late Permian, marine-influenced coals and is best represented in the Changguang, Leping and Shuicheng Basins of southern China.The material originates from plant periderm or the bark of higher plants. However, “bark” contains a variety of substances, including resin and suberin, which are recognised as the precursors of the resinite and suberinite macerals. “Barkinite” is distinguished by (i) its thickness; individual pieces can be more than ten cells thick and several centimetres long and (ii) it fluoresces strongly at 0.6% vitrinite reflectance and loses its fluorescence at about 1.1% vitrinite reflectance.The reporting of “barkinite” from only Chinese coals may be due to its origin from Lepidodendron and Psaronius flora, which was common in the Northern Hemisphere during the Carboniferous, but which was isolated to China by the Late Permian. It is proposed that the remnant flora evolved into unique forms in China by the Late Permian. Lepidodendron and Psaronius remains, coupled with a strongly marine-influenced, peat-forming environment have given rise to “barkinite” and to its restricted distribution. 相似文献
136.
L.L. Chyi 《International Journal of Coal Geology》1997,33(4):317-331
The Harlem coal is postulated to have been deposited in raised-bog settings. It was initially deposited as low-sulfur peat, but groundwater of a later origin altered portions of it to high-sulfur coal. The total sulfur content of 172 samples from 31 locations on a moisture- and ash-free basis have a quadrimodal distribution with two major modes at 0.75% S and 2.0%S. Multiple sampling and analyses at specific mine sites indicate that the addition of sulfur of a later origin occurred either laterally adjacent to sandstone channels or vertically adjacent to faults. Significant sulfur addition also occurred above clay partings at these sites. The original low-sulfur nature is preserved where the coal bed is isolated from descending groundwater by a thick impervious layer. Trace-element analyses show high concentrations of mobile elements such as Na and Mn in the high-sulfur coals. 相似文献
137.
Sharon S. Crowley Peter D. Warwick Leslie F. Ruppert James Pontolillo 《International Journal of Coal Geology》1997,34(3-4)
The origin and distribution of twelve potentially Hazardous Air Pollutants (HAPs; As, Be, Cd, Cr, Co, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sb, Se, and U) identified in the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments were examined in relation to the maceral composition of the A1 bed (Paleocene, Calvert Bluff Formation, Wilcox Group) of the Calvert mine in east-central Texas. The 3.2 m-thick A1 bed was divided into nine incremental channel samples (7 lignite samples and 2 shaley coal samples) on the basis of megascopic characteristics. Results indicate that As, Cd, Cr, Ni, Pb, Sb, and U are strongly correlated with ash yield and are enriched in the shaley coal samples. We infer that these elements are associated with inorganic constituents in the coal bed and may be derived from a penecontemporaneous stream channel located several kilometers southeast of the mining block. Of the HAPs elements studied, Mn and Hg are the most poorly correlated to ash yield. We infer an organic association for Mn; Hg may be associated with pyrite. The rest of the trace elements (Be, Co, and Se) are weakly correlated with ash yield. Further analytical work is necessary to determine the mode of occurrence for these elements. Overall, concentrations of the HAPs elements are generally similar to or less than those reported in previous studies of lignites of the Wilcox Group, east-central region, Texas. Petrographic analysis indicates the following ranges in composition for the seven lignite samples: liptinites (5–8%), huminites (88–95%), and inertinites (trace amounts to 7%). Samples from the middle portion of the A1 bed contain abundant crypto-eugelinite compared to the rest of the samples; this relationship suggests that the degradation of plant material was an important process during the development of the peat mire. With the exception of Hg and Mn, relatively low levels of the HAPs elements studied are found in the samples containing abundant crypto-eugelinite. We infer that the peat-forming environment for this portion of the coal bed was very wet with minimal detrital input. Relatively high concentrations of crypto-humotelinite were found in samples from the top and base of the coal bed. The presence of abundant crypto-humotefinite in this part of the coal bed suggests the accumulation of wood-rich peat under conditions conducive to a high degree of tissue preservation in the peat mire. Although several of the trace elements (Be, Co, Ni, and Sb) exhibit enrichment in these samples, they are not necessarily chemically associated with humotelinite. We infer that these elements, with the exception of Be, are possibly associated with deposition of the roof and floor rock of the coal bed; however, further analytical work would be necessary to confirm this hypothesis. Beryllium may have an organic origin. 相似文献
138.
Javier Castro-Larragoitia Utz Kramar Harald Puchelt 《Journal of Geochemical Exploration》1997,58(1):81-91
The Ag---Pb---Zn---Cu---Au mining district of Santa María de La Paz has been extensively exploited for approximately 200 years. Consequences of these activities are several deposits of tailings with high As and heavy metal concentrations, which are completely unstable. The climate is semiarid and as the dumps have no protective cover, material from the dumps is dispersed by strong winds. It is also washed out during seasonally heavy rainfalls. By these processes approximately 100 km2 of surrounding have been contaminated by dump material. The As and heavy metal content of the soils was determined as well as their level in crops (Zea Maize) from agricultural lands in the vicinity of the dumps. In the direction of prevailing winds concentrations up to 1000 ppm Zn, 400 ppm Pb, 16 ppm Cd, 550 ppm Cu and 300 As have been detected in top soils. Using fuzzy cluster analysis the different contamination sources could be identified. Grains of corn from contaminated sites showed no critical concentrations, but leaves which are also used tor fodder, have As-concentrations up to 20 ppm. 相似文献
139.
对煤中锗矿化若干问题的思考——以临沧锗矿为例 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
本文在综述煤中锗矿化国内外研究现状的基础上,以临沧锗矿为例,深入讨论了在煤系地层中形成超大型独立锗矿床的特殊条件。结果表明,煤是锗成矿极有利的围岩,煤能否富集锗主要取决于有无富锗流体与煤相互作用。 相似文献
140.