Inferring soil water movement and streamflow response in Canadian Prairie riparian areas using hydrologic state variables          下载免费PDF全文

Cody A. Ross  Genevieve Ali  David Lobb 《水文研究》2017,31(22):3765-3782

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Accounting for sparsely observed rainfall space—time variability in a rainfall—runoff model of a semiarid Tunisian basin/Prise en compte d'observations peu denses de la variabilité spatiotemporelle de la pluie dans une modélisation pluie—débit d'un bassin semi-aride Tunisien     

《水文科学杂志》2013,58(4)

Abstract

The management of water excesses and deficits is a major task in semiarid Mediterranean regions, where the variability of rainfall inputs is high at different time and space scales. Thus intense hydrometeorological events, which generate both potential resource and hazards, are of major interest. A simple method is proposed, with the example of the Skhira basin (192 km²) in central Tunisia, to account for the event space–time variability of rainfall in a rainfall–runoff model, in order to check its influence on the shape, magnitude and timing of resulting hydrographs. The transfer function used is a geomorphology-based unit hydrograph with an explicit territorial significance. Simulations made for highly variable events show the relevance of this method, seen as the first step of a downward approach, and its robustness with respect to the quality and the density of rainfall data.  相似文献   

Slump debris flows in the Akovolwo Mountains area of Benue State,Nigeria     

C. S. Nwajide  C. O. Okagbue  A. C. Umeji 《Natural Hazards》1988,1(2):145-154

In September 1979, rain-induced complex landslides occurred in two separate localities along the slopes of the Akovolwo Mountains near Jato-Aka in the Kwande Local Government area of Benue State, Nigeria.The two movements developed on bedrock slopes covered by a veneer of colluvium and (or) residuum no more than 1.5 to 2m deep. Each started as a slump and graduated into a debris flow. The slump, extending downhill a short distance away from the head scarp, had been reconstituted into a debris flow as the initial movement (sliding movement) of the soil mass caused remoulding of the saturated moving mass into viscous debris-laden mud. The resulting mass moved partly along a pre-existing mountain stream channel and partly along a fresh channel it cleared in the savanna forest. At the break of slope, the mass of boulders was dumped and a trail of smaller fragments littered the channels towards the Katsina-Ala River.  相似文献   

西藏丁青地区与玻镁安山岩类有关的蛇绿岩的矿物学特征          下载免费PDF全文

李达周  张旗  张魁武 《岩石矿物学杂志》1988,7(3):235-243

西藏丁青蛇绿岩的东杂岩体是一种与玻镁安山岩(Boninite)有关的特殊的蛇绿岩类型。其 堆晶斜方辉石岩、辉长岩和辉绿岩的岩石化学、微量元素以及稀土元素的地球化学特征均与西太平洋诸岛(伊豆—马利亚纳、巴布亚新几内亚、新喀里多尼亚等)的玻镁安山岩相似。此外,超镁铁质构造岩中的橄榄石和顽火辉石富镁,指示残余地幔具强烈亏损的性质。尖晶石的Cr含量中等至较高,与深海橄榄岩及大洋中脊玄武岩中的尖晶石不同。堆晶岩和辉长岩中的古铜辉石富镁,斜长石富钙,也明显不同于典型大洋中脊环境的特征,表明丁青东蛇绿岩形成的环境不像大洋中脊或弧后盆地,而可能是在洋内俯冲带之上的岛弧底部。  相似文献   

山区年、月平均温度推算方法的研究   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

卢其尧 《地理学报》1988,(3)

本文提出了山区年、月平均温度空间分布的推算方法,并提供了相应的小地形温度订正值。该方法在福建省沙溪流域山区实际应用的结果表明,能有效地揭示山区年、月平均温度空间分布的宏观与微观变化,效果满意,精度较高。  相似文献   

就乐平组的穿时论东吴运动   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

诸宝森 《地质科学》1988,(2):137-146

目前普遍认为我国南方上、下二叠统之间存在一平行不整合,并以此代表东吴运动。本文从江西乐平组垂向与横向岩性、岩相变化的资料出发,提出不主张使用“东吴运动”这一专名。所谓“东吴运动”实际上是一次升降运动,规模很有限。时间从茅口期开始一直延续至龙潭期末,大约占有1500万年之久,其中包括了三次次一级的升降。乐平组及其各亚组均有明显的穿时现象。上下二叠统之间总体说来为连续沉积,并不存在平行不整合。  相似文献   

赣西南下奥陶统樟木曲组笔石带的修正和补充   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

肖承协  陈洪冶  谢文伟 《华东地质学院学报》1988,(3)

本文在对笔石作系统研究的基础上,对樟木曲组的笔石带进行了补充和修正。由原来的9个笔石带划分为11个笔石带,厘定了各笔石带的范围和笔石群的总体面貌,并逐带与国内外进行了对比。文内还涉及到宁国阶的顶界、上下两层下垂时笔石以及关于肿笔石与心笔石混生的问题。  相似文献   

漳州地热普查区地球化学异常的讨论     

戴仲鸿  郭永祥  杨金城 《地球科学》1988,(3)

本文以漳州热田为例,通过对该区的地质及构造特征、地下热水分布、水化学特征及土壤地球化学异常的分析对照,论证了化探工作在地热勘查中的应用效果。同时,对热田的化探异常成因进行了初浅的探讨。  相似文献   

Areal extent of the 1988 flood in Bangladesh: How much did the satellite imagery show?     

Harun Rasid  M. A. H. Pramanik 《Natural Hazards》1993,8(2):189-200

This paper presents the methods and results of visual interpretation of satellite imagery for estimating areal extent of the 1988 flood in Bangladesh. The main limitation of this method was that cloud-free images were not available for the peak flood period in the first week of September. Relatively cloud-free images on three selected dates in the last three weeks of September showed that areas of inundation on those dates ranged from 44000 to 60000 km² ± 5% (31 to 42% of Bangladesh). The Government of Bangladesh official estimates of the areal extent of flooding were tentative in nature, since these were based on a choropleth map of relative proportions (percentages) of flooding in different parts of the country. The official estimate of the maximum extent of flooding was 82000 km² (57% of Bangladesh), i.e. 15 to 26% larger than the area shown on satellite imagery. The actual extent of flooding was certainly larger than the estimates from satellite imagery but, perhaps, smaller than the official estimates, since a reduction of 15 to 26% of flood area in one to three weeks seemed unlikely. An alternative method of mapping flood-affected areas by using newspaper-interpreted data was attempted, but the method had limited values because of reporting bias.  相似文献   

江西中西部黄龙组底部的Pseudostaffella层位问题     

林联盛  诸宝森 《地层学杂志》1994,18(2):146-148

近年来，在江西中西部黄龙组底部发现了Ｐｓｅｕｄｏｓｔａｆｆｅｌｌａ，由此涉及到了黄龙组底部的地层时代及对比问题。根据匕高石坎尾剖面上类化石的分布和动物群性质，江西黄龙组底部与Ｅｏｓｔａｆｆｅｌｌａ、Ｓｃｈｕｂｅｒｔｅｌｌａ共生的Ｐｓｅｕｄｏｓｔａｆｆｅｌｌａ和贵州、湖南Ｐｓｅｕｄｏｓｔａｆｆｅｌｌａ带组合面貌相差甚远。江西中西部至今不存在确切的Ｐｓｅｕｄｏｓｔａｆｆｅｌｌａ带。  相似文献