Tracer methods used to verify the hypothesis of Cvijić about the underground connection between Prespa and Ohrid Lake     

Sokrat Amataj  Todor Anovski  Ralf Benischke  Romeo Eftimi  Laurence L. Gourcy  Liliana Kola  Ioannis Leontiadis  Eftim Micevski  Alqiviadis Stamos  Jovan Zoto 《Environmental Geology》2007,51(5):749-753

Prespa Lake and Ohrid Lake constitute a hydraulic system shared between Albania, FYR of Macedonia and Greece. Karst rocks separate both lakes. The elevation of Prespa Lake is about 150 m higher than that of Ohrid Lake. Considering these facts, Cvijić formulated in 1906 the hypothesis that Prespa Lake recharges the St. Naum and Tushemisht springs at Ohrid lakeside. Environmental isotopes demonstrated that Prespa Lake recharges about 37–42 and 52–54% of water emerging in St. Naum, and Tushemisht springs, respectively. An artificial tracer experiment carried out in 2002 physically demonstrated the underground connection between both lakes. This experiment confirmed the supposed underground connection and brought important information about the groundwater velocity, transit time, and karst water conduits development.  相似文献   

How can the epikarst zone influence the karst aquifer hydraulic behaviour?   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Branka Trček 《Environmental Geology》2007,51(5):761-765

The role of an epikarst zone in the karst aquifer hydraulic behaviour was brought into focus in our studies referring to the catchment area of the Hubelj spring (SW Slovenia). This study points out the significance of effects of the fast preferential flow—epiflow, which is the main factor controlling solute/contaminant transport towards the aquifer saturated zone. The so-called epikarstic hypothesis is verified on the basis of the most significant research results that are supported by the most important findings from the literature.  相似文献   

桂林喀斯特石山阴香群落主要种群的种间关系   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张忠华  梁士楚  胡刚 《山地学报》2007,25(4):475-482

采用2×2列联表的χ2检验和Spearman秩相关系数,分析了桂林喀斯特石山阴香群落乔木层12个和灌木层13个主要种的种间关系。结果表明:(1)乔木层χ2检验有1个种对为显著正关联,1个种对为显著负关联;Spearman秩相关分析有3个种对为显著正相关,4个种对为显著负相关。灌木层χ2检验仅有1个种对为显著正关联;Spearman秩相关分析有8个种对为显著正相关,2个种对为显著负相关。整体来看,种对间达到显著水平的种对数较少,大多数种间关系松散,独立性相对较强;(2)正关联的种对主要体现了它们间生物学特性相近,对生境的生态适应性相似和相互重叠的生态位;而负关联的种对间往往具有不同的生物学特性,对生境条件的适应性相异或存在相互竞争;(3)喀斯特石山生境的复杂性和多样性,以及人为干扰的加剧等因素对阴香群落种间关系的波动影响明显。  相似文献   

云南蒙自五里冲水库岩溶及其工程处理   总被引：5，自引：3，他引：5  

康彦仁  张邦仞 《中国岩溶》2002,21(2):120-130

五里冲水库个旧组（T2^cg)灰岩，岩溶极其发育，其中尤以洼地深、峰丛高、溶洞多又大，地下河管道单一较长、岩溶总体发育历史悠久为特点，以更新世以来岩溶最为发育，现今地下河管道主要形成于晚更新世至今。因区域地壳持续抬升，岩溶没有成层发育的规律，但自上向下递减现象明显。工程上五里冲水库是以帷幕高压灌浆技术为主辅以其它多种方法处理溶洞及封堵地下河，利用天然盲谷成库的一座无大坝中型水库。帷幕高压灌浆技术先、便捷、可靠。水库蓄水己达设计水位，发挥了效益。一年可向蒙自县供水8161万m^3，可增加灌溉面积10万亩，改善灌溉2.3万亩，向城市及工业供水1210万m^3，使蒙自水利化程度由37%提高到70%以上。  相似文献   

“华北型”煤田岩溶水害及防治现状   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5       下载免费PDF全文

卜昌森  张希诚等 《地质论评》2001,47(4):405-410

“华北型”煤田的开采普遍受到煤层底板岩溶承压水的威胁，近年来，煤田岩溶水害的机理研究取得突破性进展，认为岩溶裂隙水网络是发生突水的物质基础，隔水层的岩石水学性质及厚度是突水的制约因素，断裂构造是突水的关键因素，采矿活动是突水的诱发因素；在水害防治方面，采用疏水降压、注浆改造、帷幕截流等技术方法，取得了明显的技术效果，本文旨在介绍水害现状，分析探讨治理对策，为治理煤田水害提供参考。  相似文献   

临汾龙子祠泉岩溶水系统水文地质特征及开发利用前景   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

张生 《中国煤田地质》2001,13(2):43-44

在讨论了龙子祠泉岩溶水系统岩叶下水水文地质特征的基础上，岩溶地下水对开发利用前景进行了初步探讨。  相似文献   

A model of the early evolution of karst aquifers in limestone in the dimensions of length and depth   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

《Journal of Hydrology》2001,240(3-4):206-224

A new model of the early evolution of limestone karst aquifers in the dimensions of length and depth is presented. In its initial state the aquifer consists of a rock massive with evenly spaced fractures of about 50 μm aperture widths with an hydraulic conductivity of 10⁻⁷ ms⁻¹. In addition to this a coarser network of prominent fractures with aperture widths of several 100 μm is also present. Boundary conditions of constant recharge 450 mm/year, or constant head from the input of allogenic streams are imposed. First the position of the water table in the aquifer is calculated, then dissolutional widening during a time step in all the fractures below the water table is found by use of the well-known nonlinear dissolution kinetics of limestone. This is iterated and the position of the water table as well as the fracture widths are found as a function of time. In the case of constant recharge to a karst plateau, the water table in any case drops to base level and conduits there propagate from the spring headwards. If constant head conditions are valid the position of the water table remains almost stable and conduits propagate along the water table from the input towards the spring. There is competition between conduit evolution along prominent fractures and along tight fissures close to the water table. In any case under constant head conditions one of these pathways wins, and early karst evolution is terminated by a breakthrough event with an explosive increase of the flow through the aquifer until constant head conditions break down. Depending on the boundary conditions of constant head or constant recharge or a combination of both it is possible to describe models of cave genesis, which have been derived from field evidence, such as the water table models of Swinnerton and Rhoades as well as the four-state model by Ford and Ewers (Can. J. Earth Sci., 15 (1978) 1783).  相似文献   

圆梁山隧道毛坝向斜段典型岩溶现象及发育分布特征   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

屈科  许模  徐则民  王科  蒋良文 《地质灾害与环境保护》2001,12(1):43-47

圆梁山隧道毛坝向斜段核部及两翼的可溶地层中发衣分布有大量的典型岩溶现象，本文详尽讨论了岩溶洼地，槽谷，巨型组合槽谷和地下溶洞等大型岩溶形态的基本特征，形成机制，受控因素，并进一步认识到其发育分布主要受控于岩性和构造因素。  相似文献   

高密度电法在湘西北岩溶石山区找水中的应用   总被引：15，自引：0，他引：15  

杨湘生 《湖南地质》2001,20(3):230-232,236

湘西北岩溶石山区地质构造复杂，岩溶发育且具分布不均匀性，找水难度大，为提高含水构造的异常分辨力，各种物探方法的优化组合中，以高密度电法在确定最佳井位方面发挥了重要作用，它采集的数据量大，对异常特征反映灵敏度高，在湘西北不同的岩溶水文系统中找水，取得了成功的范例。  相似文献   

高密度电阻率法探测岩溶的应用研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

孟琪  丑景俊 《东北地震研究》1996,12(3):58-63

应用高密度电阻率法查清三家子地段输油管道地下岩溶的分布状态，解决了岩溶对输油管道影响的问题。  相似文献