西南喀斯特石漠化深度贫困县的贫困影响因素分析     

杨人懿  钟昌标  杨子生  刘凤莲  彭海英 《世界地理研究》2022,31(6):1298-1309

中国西南喀斯特石漠化地区人口-资源-环境-经济矛盾十分突出,严重制约了地区的可持续发展。基于该地区的深度贫困县——广西德保县的2014—2019年各乡镇社会、经济、人口等维度的面板数据,以空间贫困为理论导向,运用空间动态面板模型和GWR模型探索了石漠化地区县域贫困影响因素及溢出效应。空间动态自回归模型结果表明,各乡镇当年的贫困发生率表现出较大的惯性;农村居民恩格尔系数的下降、农村医疗卫生水平的提高、就业水平的提升、少数民族占比的下降、人口密度的降低均可明显地促进地区减贫。空间动态杜宾模型估计结果不仅支持了空间动态自回归模型结果,而且表明农村居民恩格尔系数、农村医疗卫生水平、人口密度分别表现出显著的有益、不利和有益的外溢效应,长期影响更深远。GWR模型结果表明其影响效果具有明显的空间差异性。  相似文献   

    

I. Gams 《Environmental Geology》1993,21(3):110-114

The limestone region northeast of Trieste Bay is named kras in Slovenian, karst in German, and carso in Italian, from a pre-Indo-European word karra meaning stony. The natural vegetation was deciduous forest. Clearance and burning to create pasture for sheep began in the first millenium BC and resulted in considerable losses of soil into underground karstic channels. By the Middle Ages, the region was known as a rocky, treeless land; the first legislation to conserve or re-establish forests was passed but it did not succeed. In the 19th century the regional name came to be adopted as the generic name for all dissolutional landscapes and hydrogeological systems, whether natural or modified. During this period a change from sheep rearing to dairying with cattle, plus new legislation and experimental plantings with black pine (Pinus nigra), began the restoration of the forests in the Karst itself. Since 1945 their extent has more than doubled again, partly as consequences of rural depopulation and the banning of goats; approximately 50 percent of the region is now covered by woodlands. Soil erosion is much reduced, but evapotranspiration losses have probably increased. It is hypothesized that there will be effects of restoration upon such karstic parameters as the discharge of springs or rates of travertine deposition in the caves.  相似文献   

Geochemical characterization of a karst polje – an example from Sinjsko polje, Croatia     

E. Prohic  Z. Peh  S. Miko 《Environmental Geology》1998,33(4):263-273

 The poljes of the Adriatic Coast are rather special features whose like is not found anywhere else in the world. The delineation of this unique landform feature by its geochemical characteristics has been attempted by using examples from Sinjsko polje, which represents a typical karst polje in the Adriatic Coast, or the area of the Dinaric Karst. Factor analysis was performed on 96 samples collected in a regular grid of 1×1 km which covered the entire area of the Sinjsko polje valley. Another factor analysis was performed in a regular grid of 5×5 km that comprised 41 samples in the karstic environment. In this manner two factor models were created and closely inspected for possible differences due to the peculiar properties arising from two geochemically different environments. Within the polje itself it was possible to evaluate three factors, while four factors were identified to be significant for the explanation of the geochemical structure of data assessed in the regular 5×5-km grid. This grid includes the area of Sinjsko polje and its wider neighborhood. The Ba/Sr index reveals striking differences in drainage patterns between the polje itself and the surrounding area. Received: 3 May 1996 · Accepted: 25 June 1997  相似文献   

Protection of karst aquifers in the Dinarides in Croatia     

B. Biondić  R. Biondić  F. Dukarić 《Environmental Geology》1998,34(4):309-319

 This paper presents karst water protection measures being introduced in the Dinarides of Croatia. The spring sites for the water supply of the town of Rijeka, for its 200 000 inhabitants and the largest harbor of the northeastern side of the Adriatic Sea, have been used as a pilot research area. The European research project was used, and protection of water was generally divided into three phases. A categorization of springs has been made, and five basic protection zones have been distinguished. The rules of behavior in protected zones have been outlined. For the first time, the term water-supply "reserve" has been introduced, referring to the parts of the mountainous region where karst groundwater is recharged. Received: 26 March 1997 · Accepted: 22 July 1997  相似文献   

白马雪山自然保护区土壤类型及其分布规律   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5  

虞光复  陈永森 《云南地理环境研究》1996,8(1):81-89

本文通过野外实地考察、土样室内理化分析以及有关资料整理结果，阐明了白马雪山自然保护区的土壤类型和理论化性状。此外还讨论了该保护区土壤在空间上的分布规律。  相似文献   

某大型水电枢纽坝基埋藏型岩溶发育特征及深层承压水研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

钟辉亚  王思敬  顾钟平  董湘安  曾祥喜 《工程地质学报》1998,(2)

作者在现场工程地质勘察、试验基础上,对我国西南某大型水电枢纽坝基所遇特殊的复杂埋藏型岩溶、承压水问题进行了研究,弄清了坝基岩溶、承压水形成条件及发育特性,对坝址选择及工程处理的决策具有重要意义。  相似文献   

阳泉矿区地质构造特征及形成机制浅析     

王一  焦希颖 《煤田地质与勘探》1998,26(6):24-27

运用地质力学的观点分析阳泉矿区地质构造,探讨构造体系,构造演化及其形成机制。作者认为,阳泉矿区地质的构造格局是东西向构造带和新化夏的构造带互相复合造成的,矿区内煤系底部的岩浆岩侵入体,在新华夏系南北向扭力作用时起了砥柱作用。  相似文献   

范各庄井田奥灰水NO^—3离子形成机理及在水源判别中的应用   总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0  

马培智  郑士田 《煤田地质与勘探》1998,26(1):48-50

在分析范各庄井田水文地质特征的基础上,利用水文地球化学理论初步探讨了奥陶系灰岩含水层地下水中赋存高含量ＮＯ－３离子的形成机理,介绍了应用这一水化学特征分析矿井充水条件的方法。  相似文献   

基于因子分析的岩溶地下水水质影响因素研究 ——以毕节市大方县南部为例     

李雪莲  朱昱桦  华兴  邬晓芳  姜福 《贵州地质》2021,38(4):449-455

为了解研究区岩溶地下水水质形成及离子质量浓度空间变异影响因素,以毕节市大方县南部为研究区,采用因子分析方法对56组水样进行分析,得到基于研究区岩溶地下水水质形成及其影响的4组因子(F1、F2、F3、F4):F1以TH、TDS、COD、Ca2+、SO42-、F-为主,代表了碳酸盐岩及膏盐矿物的充分溶解对水质的影响;F2以游离CO₂、Mg2+、HCO3-为主,反映了碳酸盐岩中白云石矿物的溶解对水质的影响;F3以Na+、K+、Cl-为主,代表了盐岩溶解、大气降水对水质的影响;F4以pH、NO3-为主,揭示了人类生活污水和农业灌溉污水对岩溶地下水水质的影响。以上4种因子可以解释研究区岩溶地下水水质影响因素的80%以上。  相似文献   

塔里木盆地塔中北斜坡奥陶系鹰山组深部优质岩溶储层的形成与分布   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

吉云刚  韩剑发  张正红  王俊友  苏劲  王宇  张敏 《地质学报》2012,86(7):1163-1174

塔中地区是塔里木盆地的重点勘探区域,奥陶系鹰山组蕴藏了丰富的油气资源。鹰山组发育大套台地相碳酸盐岩,以高能相的台内滩沉积为主。鹰山组埋藏较深,但岩溶储层呈大面积厚层状分布。早奥陶世塔中I号断裂使得塔中隆起隆升并遭受强烈剥蚀形成下奥陶统鹰山组顶部风化壳,以孔洞型和裂缝-孔洞型储层为主。通过古地貌恢复、地震属性分析和地震测井联合波阻抗反演技术和方法识别溶洞发育带和断层裂缝发育带,确定出有利储层的分布范围。研究认为,岩性岩相是岩溶型储层发育的重要基础,层间岩溶控制了储层的成层性和横向展布规模,断裂和裂缝网络是岩溶水的主要渗滤通道,埋藏岩溶形成大量有效的缝洞空间,极大地提高了储集性能。研究发现,优质储层主要分布在鹰山组顶面以下120m地层厚度范围内,横向有一定连通性,在断层、构造裂缝和溶蚀作用下形成统一的储集体,呈准层状展布。  相似文献