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81.
Jan Šafanda Philipp Heidinger Helmut Wilhelm Vladimír Čermák 《Hydrogeology Journal》2007,15(2):423-428
As part of the International Continental Scientific Drilling Program (ICDP), the 1.5-km-deep borehole Yaxcopoil-1, located in the Chixculub meteor impact structure in Mexico, has undergone further study after drilling operations ceased. Temperature logs were repeated ten times at intervals 0.3–0.8, 15, 24 and 34 months after borehole shut-in. The logs bear a distinct signature of transient heat transfer by groundwater flow manifested by a gradual distortion of the linear temperature profile when a cold wave of 0.8–1.6°C amplitude was detected propagating downward from 145 to 312 m at a rate of 4–6 m/month. To understand the nature of this moving anomaly, a 20-day monitoring of the cold wave was carried out at a depth of 307 m that showed further cooling of 0.6°C during the first 16 days of the passage followed by temperature stabilisation. As an explanation of this unusual phenomenon, a theory is proposed, whereby the drilling mud has accumulated within the overlying and cooler highly porous and permeable karstic rocks during the drilling and migrates downward. The observed migration rate suggests a permeability higher than 10?11 m2. This indicates a high vulnerability to contamination of the only freshwater aquifer in the Yucatan region. 相似文献
82.
Spatial pattern of Karst rock desertification in the Middle of Guizhou Province,Southwestern China 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
Karst rocky desertification is a typical type of land degradation in the Southwestern China. It has great ecological and economical
implications for the local people. Landsat images from the middle of Guizhou Province collected in 1974, 1993 and 2001 were
used for change detection of the pattern of Karst rocky desertification. The results show the following findings: (1) Desertification
area expanded drastically in 27 years, at an increasing rate about 116.2 km2/year. (2) High areas (900–1,500 m) are the most affected. (3) Areas with the slope <5° or >25° are also easily tend to be
Karst rocky deserted. (4) The process of Karst rocky desertification is nearly irreversible. Few areas of Karst rocky desertification
could be meliorated to non-desertification land. (5) Most of the degraded lands are located in the south and the central of
the study region, and the meliorated land areas are sparsely located in the east and the west part of the region. All these
findings would provide bases for the decision-making of the local government to improve the Karst rocky desertification 相似文献
83.
Oscar Escolero Luis E. Marin Eloisa Domínguez-Mariani Sandra Torres-Onofre 《Environmental Geology》2007,51(5):719-723
A hydraulic analysis of the interface between freshwater–saltwater behavior was done in the Merida Yucatan zone, two machines
that constantly register the groundwater levels were installed, and three electric conductivity logs were taken from wells.
When comparing the measured results with the ones obtained using theoretical equations developed to calculate the freshwater–saltwater
interface position, it was proved that in some cases these equations can be applied, and in others not. Two effects that rule
the behavior of karst aquifers in extraordinary conditions were found. 相似文献
84.
在贵州岩溶区某大型工程台址工程地质环境条件研究基础上,采用地质历史过程机制分析法和数值模拟方法,对岩溶区层状缓倾角岩质边坡变形破坏机制作系统研究,总结出了4种变形破坏机制,即高陡的层状缓倾内边坡(A类坡)主要发生倾倒-崩落或拉裂-崩落破坏,低矮的层状缓倾内边坡(C类坡)则以小规模垮塌为主;缓倾外顺层边坡(B类坡)以滑移-拉裂型顺层滑坡或块状滑坡为主,而复合型边坡(D类坡)多以滑移-拉裂和弯曲-拉裂组合形式发生破坏. 相似文献
85.
Sokrat Amataj Todor Anovski Ralf Benischke Romeo Eftimi Laurence L. Gourcy Liliana Kola Ioannis Leontiadis Eftim Micevski Alqiviadis Stamos Jovan Zoto 《Environmental Geology》2007,51(5):749-753
Prespa Lake and Ohrid Lake constitute a hydraulic system shared between Albania, FYR of Macedonia and Greece. Karst rocks
separate both lakes. The elevation of Prespa Lake is about 150 m higher than that of Ohrid Lake. Considering these facts,
Cvijić formulated in 1906 the hypothesis that Prespa Lake recharges the St. Naum and Tushemisht springs at Ohrid lakeside.
Environmental isotopes demonstrated that Prespa Lake recharges about 37–42 and 52–54% of water emerging in St. Naum, and Tushemisht
springs, respectively. An artificial tracer experiment carried out in 2002 physically demonstrated the underground connection
between both lakes. This experiment confirmed the supposed underground connection and brought important information about
the groundwater velocity, transit time, and karst water conduits development. 相似文献
86.
Branka Trček 《Environmental Geology》2007,51(5):761-765
The role of an epikarst zone in the karst aquifer hydraulic behaviour was brought into focus in our studies referring to the
catchment area of the Hubelj spring (SW Slovenia). This study points out the significance of effects of the fast preferential
flow—epiflow, which is the main factor controlling solute/contaminant transport towards the aquifer saturated zone. The so-called
epikarstic hypothesis is verified on the basis of the most significant research results that are supported by the most important
findings from the literature. 相似文献
87.
桂林喀斯特石山阴香群落主要种群的种间关系 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用2×2列联表的χ2检验和Spearman秩相关系数,分析了桂林喀斯特石山阴香群落乔木层12个和灌木层13个主要种的种间关系。结果表明:(1)乔木层χ2检验有1个种对为显著正关联,1个种对为显著负关联;Spearman秩相关分析有3个种对为显著正相关,4个种对为显著负相关。灌木层χ2检验仅有1个种对为显著正关联;Spearman秩相关分析有8个种对为显著正相关,2个种对为显著负相关。整体来看,种对间达到显著水平的种对数较少,大多数种间关系松散,独立性相对较强;(2)正关联的种对主要体现了它们间生物学特性相近,对生境的生态适应性相似和相互重叠的生态位;而负关联的种对间往往具有不同的生物学特性,对生境条件的适应性相异或存在相互竞争;(3)喀斯特石山生境的复杂性和多样性,以及人为干扰的加剧等因素对阴香群落种间关系的波动影响明显。 相似文献
88.
云南蒙自五里冲水库岩溶及其工程处理 总被引:5,自引:3,他引:5
五里冲水库个旧组(T2^cg)灰岩,岩溶极其发育,其中尤以洼地深、峰丛高、溶洞多又大,地下河管道单一较长、岩溶总体发育历史悠久为特点,以更新世以来岩溶最为发育,现今地下河管道主要形成于晚更新世至今。因区域地壳持续抬升,岩溶没有成层发育的规律,但自上向下递减现象明显。工程上五里冲水库是以帷幕高压灌浆技术为主辅以其它多种方法处理溶洞及封堵地下河,利用天然盲谷成库的一座无大坝中型水库。帷幕高压灌浆技术先、便捷、可靠。水库蓄水己达设计水位,发挥了效益。一年可向蒙自县供水8161万m^3,可增加灌溉面积10万亩,改善灌溉2.3万亩,向城市及工业供水1210万m^3,使蒙自水利化程度由37%提高到70%以上。 相似文献
89.
90.
临汾龙子祠泉岩溶水系统水文地质特征及开发利用前景 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
在讨论了龙子祠泉岩溶水系统岩叶下水水文地质特征的基础上,岩溶地下水对开发利用前景进行了初步探讨。 相似文献