藏南拿日雍措片麻岩穹窿淡色花岗岩稀有金属的富集          下载免费PDF全文

高利娥  曾令森  胡古月  高家昊  赵令浩  王亚莹 《地球科学》2019,44(6):1860-1875

拿日雍措穹窿(错那洞穹窿)位于北喜马拉雅穹窿的东部,穹隆内花岗岩种类较多,有淡色花岗岩、含石榴子石淡色花岗岩、片理化淡色花岗岩、含石榴子石和含绿柱石伟晶岩.这些花岗岩为经历了斜长石、锆石、独居石、磷灰石、富Ti矿物等分离结晶作用而形成的高度演化花岗岩,相对于维氏世界花岗岩平均值,富集Bi、Cs、Li、Sn、Be、Pb、B、W、Ta等稀有金属成矿元素,略贫Nb元素.同时,围岩也相对富集稀有金属元素.全岩地球化学分析表明,引起拿日雍措穹隆淡色花岗岩富集稀有金属成矿元素的因素是分离结晶作用和热液交代作用.高度演化淡色花岗岩在喜马拉雅造山带广泛分布,铌铁矿、钽铁矿、锡石和绿柱石等稀有金属矿物已在多处露头被识别,暗示了喜马拉雅淡色花岗岩是未来稀有金属矿产勘探的重要靶区.  相似文献   

藏南错那洞花岗质片麻岩锆石年龄、Hf同位素及其对原特提斯洋演化的启示   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

张林奎  李光明  曹华文  张志  付建刚  夏祥标  董随亮  梁维  黄勇 《中国地质》2019,46(6):1312-1335

错那洞穹隆是藏南特提斯喜马拉雅地区新发现的一个片麻岩穹隆构造。穹隆核部发育一套早古生代眼球状片麻岩。本文在野外地质调查的基础上,利用LA-(MC)-ICP-MS对花岗质片麻岩2个样品的锆石开展U-Pb年代学和Lu-Hf同位素分析。片麻岩中的锆石发育核-幔-边结构,核部为具溶蚀港湾结构的继承锆石,幔部为具韵律(震荡)环带的岩浆锆石,边部(增生边)为重熔变质成因的黑锆石。岩浆锆石幔部的~(206)Pb/~(238)U年龄加权平均值为(500.6±2.6)Ma～(501.1±2.5)Ma,代表该片麻岩的早古生代岩浆结晶年龄。边部变质锆石的新生代重熔年龄为(37.7±0.5)Ma,可能代表藏南拆离系的启动时间。早古生代岩浆锆石幔部的ε_(Hf)(t)值为-2.1-+5.3 (平均值为+2.2),Hf同位素两阶段模式年龄(TDM2)为1.1～1.6 Ga(平均值为1.3 Ga),表明其源岩起源于高喜马拉雅元古宙地层的部分熔融。结合区域内早古生代岩浆活动和新生代穹隆构造变质事件,本文认为错那洞花岗质片麻岩的形成受控于早古生代原特提斯洋壳板片向冈瓦纳大陆下俯冲的造山作用,同时记录了新生代印度一欧亚大陆碰撞造山后的变质和深熔事件。  相似文献   

海州—大悟混合岩穹窿地质及成矿作用     

熊先孝  黄巧  姚超美 《南方国土资源》1997,(2)

文章是在研究海州－大悟含磷岩系及其磷矿底板岩石中不同类型混合岩的岩石学、地球化学的基础上，探讨了变质－深熔过程中稀土元素的活动性状。混合岩穹窿由变沉积岩、混合岩及混合花岗片麻岩组成。变沉积岩、混合岩及混合花岗片麻岩在空间上的密切共生关系，揭示了沉积物经历了变质分异、混合岩化和部分熔融作用改造成花岗质岩石的过程。穹窿具有明显的分带性，从穹窿外向中心，由变质岩带、混合岩带向混合花岗片麻岩带变化，表明了变质反应顺序及混合花岗岩化交代的关系。在变质、混合岩化及部分熔融作用形成混合岩穹窿过程中，磷质发生了运移，在穹窿变质岩与混合岩接触带发生了交代结晶与重结晶作用。在穹窿变质岩带，揉流褶皱成矿作用十分明显  相似文献   

黄陵基底穹隆北部石墨矿床成矿物质来源的地球化学约束     

万传辉  张瑜  王莎莎  郭威  黄德将 《岩石矿物学杂志》2020,39(5):569-582

在黄陵基底穹隆北部已发现的几个大鳞片晶质石墨矿区中采取少量新鲜石墨样品(含少量大理岩围岩)进行了矿石岩相学及地球化学测试,通过相应分析、图解,探讨其成矿物质来源。该区石墨矿石赋存于黄凉河岩组(Pt1h)一套孔兹岩系内,主要矿石类型为石墨片岩及石墨片麻岩。根据其主微量元素及碳同位素分析,恢复矿石原岩为一套含炭质的(砂)泥质沉积岩,其固定碳质绝大多数来源于有机物而不是大理岩中的无机碳。根据矿层的元素组成及古地史证据,推测黄凉河岩组的蚀源区以野马洞岩组(Ar2y,拉斑玄武质)为主,东冲河片麻杂岩(Ar2D,花岗质)次之,而不是前人认为的单一"以花岗质岩石为蚀源区"。从供给源到成矿母岩的演化过程中,发生了强烈的地球化学变化,而不只是物质简单的机械转移。  相似文献   

胶东半岛中生代构造演化的几何学和运动学   总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14       下载免费PDF全文

林伟  Michel Faure  王清晨 《地质科学》2003,38(4):495-505,518

据岩石的变质相及变形特征可把胶东半岛分为5个地质单元,其构造几何关系由高至低为:1)板岩——砂岩单元;2)高压片麻岩——石英岩单元;3)大理岩——角闪岩单元;4)超高压变质单元,它经历了超过150km的深俯冲作用并快速折返至地表;5)片理化的混合岩穹隆单元,其为超高压变质单元叠加了混合岩化作用。这些构造单元均经历了相同的变形,具有NW指向的剪切特征。对比大别山构造学的研究结果,这种变形特征代表了超高压变质地体在折返过程中的运动学表现。混合岩穹隆中所残余含柯石英榴辉岩表明了胶东半岛和苏鲁地区具有相同的构造演化过程,烟台——青岛——五莲断裂不是华南板块与华北板块间的缝合带。  相似文献   

高层建筑上的穹顶结构及其自振特性的理论和试验研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

高维成  史纪鑫  邹经湘  沈世钊 《地震工程与工程振动》2003,23(5):81-87

本文就某高层建筑上的穹顶结构的设计介绍了一种新型抛物线方钢管穹顶结构。利用ANSYS软件对其进行了动力学分析，在现场进行了模态试验的实测，得到了低阶频率和振型，与有限元结果吻合较好。通过对计算结果和实验结果的分析发现这种结构受力合理、节省材料，是一种值得深入研究的体系，同时，本文所用的有限元计算与实验分析方法对类似工程结构的分析具有一定参考价值。  相似文献   

Geology and geochemistry of Karasugasen lava dome, Daisen–Hiruzen Volcano Group, southwest Japan     

Jun-Ichi  Kimura  Mamiko  Tateno  Isaku  Osaka 《Island Arc》2005,14(2):115-136

Abstract   The geology and geochemistry of pyroclastic flows and fallout tephras formed during the Karasugasen dome eruption in the Daisen–Hiruzen Volcano Group in southwest Japan have been examined in detail. The Karasugasen lava dome erupted at about 26 ka. The eruption began with a vulcanian ash fall, and this was followed by at least eight block and ash flows and a pumice flow. The block and ash flows were produced by the successive collapses of a growing lava dome. This main eruption phase was followed by an eruption of vulcanian ash falls, and finally ended with a sub-Plinian pumice fall. This eruption sequence is typical of the Daisen Volcano during the last three eruption events, which occurred at 58, 26 and 17 ka. The magma produced during the Karasugasen eruption was a typical adakite, with extremely high Sr/Y ratios and low HREE/LREE ratios compared to normal arc lavas. The chemistry of the Karasugasen lavas is almost identical to other Daisen–Hiruzen lavas that were produced from eruptions over an interval of a million years. The continuous supply of a huge amount of adakitic magma (>100 km³) for such a long period suggests a massive homogeneous source material, such as molten Philippine Sea Plate slab. Slab melting is a plausible mechanism for the production of the adakitic lavas at Karasugasen, and hence the Daisen–Hiruzen Volcano Group.  相似文献   

Thrust tectonics in crystalline domains: The origin of a gneiss dome     

R. O. Greiling 《Journal of Earth System Science》1997,106(4):209-220

Structural geological field work, microscopic and magnetic fabric studies have been applied in order to assess the structural origin of a gneiss dome, based on a regional example from the Neoproterozoic Pan-African Belt of NE Africa, the Wadi Hafafit Culmination (WHC). The culmination is dominated by a number of major shear zones, which form both the boundaries between the gneissic core and surrounding low grade successions as well as those of minor structural units within the gneisses. These shear zones form a linked fault system, which, based on shear criteria, fault-bend fold and overall geometric interrelationships, can be classified as an antiformal stack. The relative age sequence of the shear zones/thrusts with the highest thrust oldest and the lowermost youngest points to a forward-propagating thrust system. This, together with the shear criteria, exclude an origin of the WHC as a metamorphic core complex, where the highest shear zone should be youngest. The geometry of the WHC antiformal stack is documented by maps and sections as well as section balancing and restoration. Microscopic work showed brittle deformation in feldspar and dynamic recrystallization in quartz ribbons. The asymmetry of the fabric confirmed the macroscopically determined shear sense. However, there is one example of an earlier, perhaps extensional shear movement. Mylonitic foliation and transport-parallel lineation have also been determined by magnetic fabric studies. The observations suggest that thrusts may cut across both previously folded crystalline rocks as well as homogeneous granitoid plutonic bodies. According to the regional tectonic picture the large-scale structure of the gneiss dome originated after a phase of (late-orogenic) extensional collapse. It is speculated that during late-orogenic cooling the upper part of the lithosphere was sufficiently strong to allow brittle thrusting whilst the lithosphere as a whole was still weak enough to allow large-scale compressional deformation, perhaps in a transitional stage from lateorogenic to intra-cratonic deformation.  相似文献   

Kinematic Modeling of Pyroclastic Flows Produced by Gravitational Dome Collapse at Soufriere Hills Volcano, Montserrat     

Donald M. Hooper  Glen S. Mattioli 《Natural Hazards》2001,23(1):65-86

Volcanic activity commenced 18 July 1995 at SoufriereHills volcano and has led to the creation of a newlava dome, which has repeatedly collapsed between 1996and 1999 resulting in highly mobile pyroclastic flows. The majority of associated pyroclastic flow phenomenaare consistent with initiation by gravitationalcollapse as blocks fall from oversteepened flanks ofthe new dome. If gravity controls the energy transferof such collapses, then areas likely to be affectedcan be predicted on the basis of topography. We focuson `dense' flows initiated by non-explosive,gravitational collapse (`Merapi-type' pyroclasticflows) and employ a graphical computer model (Flow3D)written to simulate this type of volcanic flow. Theprogram constructs a digital terrain model based upona 3D network of (x, y, z) triplets, which serves as thebasis for the numerical computations. A synthetic domewas added to the topographic model to improve theaccuracy of the simulations. After estimating thesmall number of key adjustable parameters, simulatedflow pathways, runout distances, and velocitiesclosely approximated observed Merapi-type pyroclasticflows on Montserrat. These simulations demonstrate thevalidity of a simple kinematic method to model densepyroclastic flow phenomena. While the simulationspresented here do not elucidate additional physics ofpyroclastic flow phenomena, this type of modeling canbe completed easily and without extensivea priori knowledge of volcano-specific parameters otherthan topography. Accordingly, it may serve as a rapidand inexpensive first-order approach for initialhazard assessment.  相似文献   

Microshear zones in a Miocene submarine dacite dome of southwest Japan     

J. V. Smith  S. Yamauchi  Y. Miyake 《Bulletin of Volcanology》1993,55(6):438-442

Microscopic shear zones have been found in the groundmass of glassy rocks of a Miocene submarine dacite dome in southwest Japan. Similar textures have been reported previously but only in dykes. These textures give a valuable insight into the deformation of the dome during its emplacement by recording the orientations of the principal strains. Detailed textural analysis indicates that the microshear zones formed as a result of flattening and stretching of the magma simultaneously with quenching. Measured stretching directions are near-parallel suggesting the magma flowed in one dominant direction rather than in a radial pattern. The strain is believed to also be influenced by high magma pressure inside the dome being imposed on the high viscosity outer part of the dome. Present address: Faculty of Resource Science and Management, University of New England-Northern Rivers. P. O.Box 157 Lismore NSW 2480 Australia  相似文献