广西刁江流域有色金属矿区尾砂库植物研究   总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16  

周兴  宋书巧  吴欢 《热带地理》2003,23(3):226-230

调查了广西刁江流域有色金属矿区废弃尾砂库自然生长的植物种类,有维管束植物26科58属63种;分析了尾砂库土壤和20种在尾砂库分布较多而且生长较好的植物的Cu、Cd、Pb、As、Sb、Zn、Sn 等重金属含量.研究表明,在废弃尾砂库上自然定居的植物,如禾本科的芦竹、类芦、五节芒、芒、班茅、白茅、粘人草、狗牙根,莎草科的黑莎草、飘拂草,菊科的三叶鬼针草,风尾蕨科的蜈蚣蕨,木贼科的纤细木贼等草本植物,能吸收重金属,对有色金属矿区尾砂库这种恶劣环境具有较强的忍耐能力,可作为有色金属矿区尾砂库植被重建的先锋植物.  相似文献   

关于华夏植物群起源问题的探讨     

米家榕  孙克勤 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》1995,(1)

华夏植物群的起源问题，国内外有不同认识。笔者根据研究工作的成果并参考大量中外文献资料，提出华夏植物群起源于早石炭世晚期（维宪期至纳缕尔Ａ期）的新认识，自中石炭世￣①早期（纳缪尔８－Ｃ期）已成为独特的植物群；同时认为它并非由欧美植物群发展而来，二者均源于拟鳞木植物群，分别在各自所处的环境中平行演化而形成。  相似文献   

中国斯蒂芬期植物群的植物地理区系性质     

刘化清  吴秀元 《西北地质科学》1995,16(2):1-5

以晋祠段为代表的中国斯蒂芬期植物群与欧美同期植物群有许多相同分子，但其中地方性植物分子比重较大，应属早期华夏植物群的一部分．该植物群与以太原组中上部为代表的Ｎｅｕｒｏｐｔｅｒｉｓｐｓｅｕｄｏｖａｔａ－Ｌｅｐｉｄｏｄｅｎｄｒｏｎｐｏｓｔｈｕｍｉｉ组合也存在一定差别，表现在典型的华夏植物群的重要成员尚未出现．  相似文献   

大别山马宗岭种子植物区系的地理成分研究   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

刘鹏 《地理科学》1994,14(4):355-362

  相似文献   

河北坝上地区植被及其资源利用研究─—以丰宁试验区为例     

赵雪  李进  赵文智  赵存玉  李启森 《中国沙漠》1994,(4)

分析了丰宁试验区植物区系、植被类型、植物资源及其利用状况后认为：丰宁试验区植物区系成份具有内蒙古草原植物区系成份的特点。但植被类型较复杂、植物种类组成较丰富、特别是具有一些天然林类型。此外，在区系植物组成中蔷薇科植物的地位突出，而藜科植物的地位降低，说明植被也有明显的过渡特征。可供利用的植物资源如观赏植物、药用植物和牧草资源较丰富，具有开发潜力。但由于超载过牧，导致９０％以上的草地退化，退化程度主要以轻度和中度为主，退化形式主要是河滩草甸盐渍化，丘陵缓坡草地沙质化，山地草地砾质化。  相似文献   

Anthropogenic Eutrophication and Red Tide Outbreak in Lacustrine Systems of the Kashmir Himalaya     

M. A. Kahn 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2000,28(2):95-101

Red tide, a recurrent phenomenon has become conspicuous in several Kashmir lake ecosystems since 1991. The responsible organism (Euglena pedunculata), a rare flagellate rediscovered in the Kashmir Himalaya (Khan 1993) caused first and unprecedented red tide outbreak, constituting a maximum of 96% of resident numerical phytoplankton density in Dal Lake. At present, conflicting hypotheses exist on the generation of causal assemblage(s) imparting redness to waters: Jeeji Bai (1991) linked its origin to acid precipitation – a fallout of burning oil‐fields during the Gulf War – whilst Khan (1993) holds local factor(s) responsible. Field/experimental studies support the latter contention that the influx of untreated sewage, in unison with warm temperatures, high levels of PhAR, iron and interruption to hydrological flow‐pattern together with absence/or reduction in grazing activity created conducive environmental milieu for red tide outbreak. Dal Lake “red tide” drifted the bloom‐inoculum to other waters, including Lake Wular, where additional ecological niches were carved out, threatening the aesthetic value and biological diversity of Kashmir lakes. Ecological monitoring indicates frequent seasonal red tide occurrence in Dal Lake (including summer‐autumn event of 1998) which testifies its unabated eutrophication status. Further studies are needed on ecological adaptability and biogeographic distribution of this rare and unique red tide‐causing flagellate.  相似文献   

Study on the Spin Characteristics of the Flora Asteroid Family     

Wang Yi-bo  Liu Cheng-zhi  Fang Cun-bo  Xu Yan 《Chinese Astronomy and Astrophysics》2019,43(3):353-364

Asteroid families are the remnants of catastrophic collisions, and their fundamental physical properties provide us the information of their parent bodies and thereafter dynamical evolutions. Especially, the orbit and spin characteristics can reveal the influences of the Yarkovsky effect and the Yarkovsky-O’Keefe-Radzievskii-Paddack (YORP) effect on the evolution of the asteroid family, respectively. Based on the Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB), the spin rate distribution of the Flora asteroid family is studied, and a tendency that the spin rates of the small Flora family members concentrate primarily in the range of 3–5 d^?1 is found. The analysis on the spin states of the Flora family asteroids tells that most of these asteroid family members are in the prograde spinning state. However, for the Flora family members with an orbital semi-major axis smaller than 2.2 au, the ratio between the number of prograde spinning members and that of retrograde ones is close to that of the near-Earth asteroids, namely 1 : 3. Furthermore, for those prograde spinning Flora family asteroids with an orbital semi-major axis larger than 2.2 au, a portion of them exhibit the aggregation in the distribution of orbital semi-major axis against the absolute magnitude, and in which nine members show the features similar to the Slivan state.  相似文献   

试论宏体植物的早期演化   总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13       下载免费PDF全文

陈孟莪  陈其英  萧宗正 《地质科学》2000,35(1):1-15

概述了地史早期宏体植物化石的记录。从细胞群体到组织-器官构造有大约11 亿年的漫长进化史。蓝田植物群和庙河生物群标志着震旦晚期(大约7-5.4 亿年间)发生了宏体植物演化史上的一次大辐射,非矿化、弱矿化、和矿化的高级藻类出现。寒武纪发生了另一次辐射。非矿化藻类是最有发展前途的类群,可能直接导致了维管植物的出现。  相似文献   

岷江上游干旱河谷灌丛研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

杨钦周 《山地学报》2007,25(1):1-32

岷江上游干旱河谷灌丛现代植物区系的基本特征是温带分布属占优势而含有较多的热带分布属,以及拥有许多古地中海残遗种和本地特有种,其与古地中海在时间上、与现代中亚(草原和荒漠)在空间上有着渊缘联系,热带属的种与温带荒漠、草原种在此巧妙地聚集和组合是干旱河谷的特有现象,它可能是古地中海植物区系的延续和残遗的反映,在某种意义上可能是历史植物区系的"活化石"。幽深而封闭的峡谷地貌和青藏高原亚热带山地半干旱的暖温气候,以及干燥而贫瘠的山地(碱性)灰褐土是干旱河谷灌丛生境的基本特征。土壤湿度(水分相对含量)和肥力(有机质相对含量)的梯度分析,显示出半干旱-半贫瘠的土壤为其代表性的也是主要的生境类型。一种既无乔木群落(森林)又无草本群落(草原或草甸),而仅有矮灌木和半灌木占优势的灌木群落(矮灌丛),盖满了干旱河谷沿岸干燥山坡的荒凉景观,是岷江上游干旱河谷自然植被的现状概貌和基本特征。干旱河谷灌丛形成于特定的生态环境和地质历史的时空中,是一种处于森林与草原之间的而近似于草原灌丛的隐域性(非地带性或超地带性)植被。其含有的众多中亚荒漠、草原种,在干旱河谷多为中生或中生耐旱特性。因此,干旱河谷灌丛不是草原也更不是荒漠,而是中国-喜马拉雅地区夏雨性的冬旱灌丛(群系纲),它与地中海型气候的冬雨性夏旱灌丛(群系纲:如地中海的Macehia和北美洲的Chaparral等)同属于干旱(季节性)灌丛植被型的两个群系纲(Formation class)。从干旱河谷灌丛数量分析的样地相关性半矩阵中,析出的具有三角形网眼的灌丛之群系关联网(Relative net)和群系之样地关联网,显示了灌丛核心群系和群系的典型样地在关联网中的相关位置。干旱河谷灌丛沿着地质历史的长河在地貌形成与演化过程中,大约在上新世(或许更早)青藏高原尚处于夷平面发育时期,早先的干热性古植被(森林草原)中,就可能已经孕育着干旱河谷灌丛的雏型,至少与邻近的横断山区干旱河谷及中亚的荒漠、草原区(或泛、古地中海区)拥有许多共有种,继而在整个第四纪中不断发展和逐渐形成。在全新世最新的深切河谷中生存着第三纪古老植被的残遗类型和衍生后裔,是现代干旱河谷灌丛起源古老的历史性反映和植被现状的基本特征,它应该是一种原生性的植被(或顶极群落)。建立封山、禁止放牧和樵采以及保护自然植被的有效管理机制,综合开发干旱河谷自然环境中水、热优势资源的直接和间接的多种效益,是岷江上游干旱河谷保护和建设生态环境与发展区域经济的基本途径。岷江上游干旱河谷灌丛拥有十分特殊的古老植物区系和非常稀有的原始植被类型,在有限的地域内保存着古地中海植物区系的残遗成分和衍生后裔,在广阔的湿润森林地带的特定环境中生存着典型的冬旱灌丛,这些都是十分宝贵而稀有的自然遗产,对于研究我国西部的历史植物区系和自然地理,以及保护和建设现代生态环境和区域经济,都有着非常宝贵的科学价值和十分重要的现实意义。因此,特建议在岷江上游干旱河谷划出一定的面积建立自然保护区。保护地段可选设在杂谷脑河的甘堡至龙溪地区(包括主要支流的一部分河段)和岷江干流的飞虹桥至黑水河的沙坝(干旱中心)地区。  相似文献   

Namaqualand—A brief overview of the physical and floristic environment     

P.G. Desmet   《Journal of Arid Environments》2007,70(4):570

This paper provides a brief introduction to the physical environment of Namaqualand as well as an overview of patterns of plant diversity. The diverse array of parent material and geological processes that have shaped the region since the break up of Gondwanaland have created a complex, and sometimes dynamic physical environment, that is partly responsible for the patterns and processes observed in the biota today. The contemporary climate is characterised by relatively reliable, albeit low (50–250 mm pa), winter rainfall (>60% winter precipitation) arriving between May and September. East of the central mountains, tropical thunderstorms penetrate the region in late summer (February–April). The presence of the cold Atlantic Ocean in the west not only moderates temperatures throughout Namaqualand (mean max summer temperature <30 °C), but also provides alternative sources of moisture in the form of coastal fog and heavy dew experienced in winter months. Recent analyses show that the flora of the Succulent Karoo is part of the Cape Floral Kingdom, now termed the Greater Cape Floral Kingdom. It is one of only two desert regions recognised as a global biodiversity hot-spot and contains an estimated 6356 plant species in 168 families and 1002 genera. Namaqualand, which comprises about one quarter of the area of the Succulent Karoo, contains about 3500 species in 135 families and 724 genera, with about 25% of this flora endemic to Namaqualand. This remarkable diversity, however, is not distributed evenly throughout the region, but is concentrated in many local centres of endemism usually associated either with quartzite mountain complexes or lag-gravel plains (quartz-patches). A major exception to the general pattern of centres of diversity is the true Fynbos vegetation of the highest Kamiesberg peaks where rainfall exceeds 400 mm pa. Suggested determinants of the region's exceptional floral diversity include the complex physical environment, a unique past and present climate and the region's diverse fauna, most notably insects. The challenge for the current inhabitants and scientists working in the region is to develop a better understanding of this ecosystem so that they will be equipped to deal with the challenges posed by the demands for land and the prospect of global climate change.  相似文献