Late proterozoic island arc volcanics from Gebeit,Red Sea Hills,north-east Sudan     

T. Reischmann  A. Kröner 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》1994,83(3):547-563

The area of Gebeit Mine in the northern Red Sea Hills, Sudan, is built up of voluminous volcanic rocks and minor volcaniclastic and clastic sequences. According to their chemical and modal compositions the Gebeit volcanics can be devided into four groups: (a) cpx-physic basalts with clinopyroxene and plagioclase as the dominant phenocrysts and minor opaques; (b) hbl-physic basalts with hornblende, clinopyroxene, plagioclase and subordinate magnetite including one rare dacite; (c) pl-phyric andesites with plagioclase phenocrysts in a matrix that is rich in magnetite; and (d) aphyric basalts. The compositional variation within the distinct volcanic groups can only partly be explained by fractional crystallization, and more than one magma source reservoir is required.Mineral and whole rock Sm/Nd data for the cpx-physic and hbl-physic basalts yield an isochron age of 832 ± 26 Ma (Nd_T = 6.74 ± 0.19, MSWD = 0.12) which is interpreted as the age of eruption. The Nd_t values for the aphyric basalts and pl-physic andesites range from 6.7 to 8.3, indicating the involvement of different depleted magma sources. The Nd and Sr isotopic data rule out any significant influence of older continental crust in the formation of the Gebeit volcanics and indicate an intraoceanic origin. This implies that the Gebeit terrane is a segment of juvenile crust that originated in a subduction-related environment and supports the arc accretion model for the Arabian-Nubian Shield.  相似文献   

北京东部丰台顶一带地质构造特征   总被引：4，自引：6，他引：4  

姬广义  汪洋 《城市地质》2004,16(1):1-15

经过近期对燕山地区地质构造的调查研究 ,依据岩石、岩石组合、接触变质、矿化蚀变在空间上的展布、与燕山期侵入岩体的接触关系等证明 ,前人在丰台顶一带圈定的中生代潜 (次 )火山岩体 ,实际为陆相火山喷发 -沉积岩 ,属中生代早白垩世东岭台期酸性火山活动产物。在不足 4 0km2 面积中 ,发现了由多个构造推覆断片叠置而成的复杂构造堆叠体 ,卷入其中的既有太古宙片麻岩 ,也有中元古宙碳酸盐岩 ,还有中生代早白垩世东岭台期火山岩。其中 ,由东岭台组火山岩构成的 3个构造岩片夹于 4个由长城系、蓟县系碳酸盐岩构成的构造岩片之间。这些构造岩片具有不同的片内褶皱 (断片形成前的褶皱 )和岩片褶皱 (断片形成后的褶皱 )特征。以卷入叠覆构造的最高层位 -东岭台组为据判断 ,其为燕山晚期区域性收缩构造事件的产物。并由此预测 ,在北京东部大范围的中 -上元古宙沉积岩层中可能存在由碳酸盐岩构成的岩性相同产状相近的叠覆构造 ,亦可能在中 -上元古宙沉积层构成的推覆体下 ,隐伏有最高层位达下白垩统东岭台组的各时代地层和相关矿产。  相似文献   

皖南—浙西下古生界碳沥青成因及南方海相“有效烃源岩”问题探讨   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

陈安定  黄金明  杨芝文  翟爱军  吴长祥 《海相油气地质》2004,(Z1)

赋存于皖南—浙西的固体碳沥青分为古油藏裂解碳沥青和古油藏破坏次生充填碳沥青两种类型 ,阐明了两类碳沥青的不同成因机制。重新认定了浙西“康山沥青脉”为碳沥青而不是泥岩。论证了皖南、浙西碳沥青的烃源为下寒武统、中—上奥陶统至下志留统、中—上寒武统等。认为加里东运动—广西事件期间是下扬子盆地相区以下寒武统黑页岩为烃源的油藏形成和部分破坏的主要时期。针对南方的油气勘探 ,提出了只有在晚期成藏中作出贡献的源岩才是“有效烃源岩”的新概念。  相似文献   

Late Quaternary stratigraphic development in the lower Luni,Mahi and Sabarmati river basins,western India     

M. Jain  S. K. Tandon  S. C. Bhatt 《Journal of Earth System Science》2004,113(3):453-471

This study reviews the Quaternary alluvial stratigraphy in three semi-arid river basins of western India i.e., lower Luni (Rajasthan), and Mahi and Sabarmati (Gujarat alluvial plains). On the basis of OSL chronologies, it is shown that the existing intra-valley lithostratigraphic correlations require a revision. The sand, gravel and mud facies are present during various times in the three basins, however, the fluvial response to climate change, and the resulting facies associations, was different in the Thar desert as compared to that at the desert margin; this makes purely lithostratigraphic correlations unviable. It is further shown that the rivers in the Thar desert were more sensitive to climate change and had small response times and geomorphic thresholds as compared to the desert-margin rivers. This is illustrated during the early OIS 1, when the Luni river in the Thar desert was dynamic and showed frequent variations in fluvial styles such as gravel bedload braided streams, sand-bed ephemeral streams and meandering streams, all followed by incision during the early Holocene. The coeval deposits in Sabarmati, however, only show a meandering, floodplain-dominated river. Late Quaternary alluvial deposits in these basins unconformably overlie some older deposits that lack any absolute chronology. Based on the facies types and their associations, and the composition and architecture of the multistoried gravel sheets in the studied sections, it is suggested that older deposits are of pre-Quaternary age. This hypothesis implies the presence of a large hiatus incorporating much of the Quaternary period in the exposed sections  相似文献   

Early exhumation of the collisional orogen and concurrent infill of foredeep basins in the Miocene Eurasian–Okhotsk Plate boundary, central Hokkaido, Japan: Inferences from K–Ar dating of granitoid clasts     

Gentaro Kawakami  Kazunori Arita  Toshinori Okada  Tetsumaru Itaya 《Island Arc》2004,13(2):359-369

Abstract   Thick Middle (–Upper) Miocene turbiditic deposits filled very deep and narrow foredeep basins formed in the western margin of the Hidaka collision zone in central Hokkaido. Cobble- to boulder-sized clasts of eight monzogranites and a single granodiorite in the Kawabata Formation in the Yubari Mountains area yielded biotite K–Ar ages of 44.4 ± 1.0 to 45.4 ± 1.0 Ma and 42.8 ± 1.1 Ma, respectively. Major elemental compositions of the clasts all fall in the field of S-type granite on an NK/A (Na₂O + K₂O/Al₂O₃ in molecule) versus A/CNK (Al₂O₃/CaO + Na₂O + K₂O in molecule) diagram, verifying their peraluminous granite character (aluminium saturation index (ASI): 1.12–1.19). These geochronological and petrographical features indicate that the granitoid clasts in the Kawabata Formation correlate with Eocene granitic plutons in the northeastern Hidaka Belt, specifically the Uttsudake (43 Ma) and Monbetsu (42 Ma) plutons. Foredeep basins are flexural depressions developed at the frontal side of thickened thrust wedges. The results presented here suggest that deposition of the Middle Miocene turbidites was coeval with rapid westward up-thrusting and exhumation of the Hidaka Belt. This early mountain building may have occurred in response to thrusting in the Tertiary fold-and-thrust system of central Hokkaido.  相似文献   

Le jeu fini-Crétacé du front nord-pyrénéen aux environs de Cucugnan (Corbières méridionales,Aude, France)     

André Charrière  Michel Durand-Delga 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2004,336(13):1199-1208

The North-Pyrenean Front overthrust in northern direction was particularly active during the Upper Cretaceous, before the Upper Eocene tectonic renewal. Indeed, in the Eastern Pyrenees (Aude), ‘Garumnian’ (continental Upper Cretaceous–Palaeocene) formations lie transgressively upon the North-Pyrenean Triassic (Keuper) formation and upon the Albian beds of the Sub-Pyrenean Cucugnan slice. Relations between the North-Pyrenean Frontal Thrust and, to the northeast, the Corbières Nappe are discussed. To cite this article: A. Charrière, M. Durand-Delga, C. R. Geoscience 336 (2004).  相似文献   

K–Ar ages of the Ohmine Granitic Rocks, south-west Japan     

Tomoaki Sumii  Hironao Shinjoe 《Island Arc》2003,12(4):335-347

Abstract The Ohmine Granitic Rocks are a series of granitic rocks that are distributed in a chain stretching along the central axis of the Kii Peninsula. Their precise ages have not been determined, although precise ages have been reported for other geological units of the early to middle Miocene distributed over the peninsula. In this study, biotite K–Ar ages were obtained for the six major granitic plutons of the Ohmine Granitic Rocks: Dorogawa, Shirakura, Kose, Asahi, Tenguyama and Shiratani. Most are aged from 14.8 to 14.6 Ma. Although one pluton is older (15.4 ± 0.2 Ma) and two are younger (14.0 ± 0.2 Ma and 13.4 ± 0.1 Ma), these ages are excluded from the discussion of the mutual correlation among the plutons because some ambiguities exist in their ages. The age of the southernmost unit, the Katago–Mukuro Dykes, was not determined because of its intense alteration, but stratigraphic constraints suggest that it is younger than 16.1 Ma. The majority of the Ohmine Granitic Rocks concentrate within a narrow age window of approximately 14.8–14.6 Ma, although their geochemical/petrographical characteristics suggest that they were generated by multiple magma batches. The results of this study also reveal the simultaneous occurrence of the major activities of the Ohmine Granitic Rocks and the gigantic felsic igneous activities in the Kii Peninsula, such as the Kumano Acidic Rocks and the Muro Pyroclastic Flow Deposit.  相似文献   

晚新生代天山隆升与库车坳陷构造转换的沉积约束   总被引：31，自引：2，他引：31  

李忠  王清晨  王道轩  林伟 《沉积学报》2003,21(1):38-45

对库车坳陷库车河剖面不同尺度沉积碎屑组分的系统分析发现 ,晚第三纪以来类磨拉石及其中不稳定碎屑矿物组合开始发育 ,并在中新世后发生显著增加。沉积体系研究表明 ,库车坳陷自白垩纪以来粗粒冲积体系前锋、沉积中心逐步向南迁移 ;但该规律自上新世开始发生了明显转变 ,表现为上新世库车组、上 -更新世西域组冲积体系整体大尺度南移 ,而沉积中心则相对北移 ,盆地北部沉积边界与现存盆山边界大致可以对比 ,并受到南倾同沉积正断裂的控制。对比天山区域构造、古气候演变资料 ,认为上述沉积记录是晚新生代强烈挤压应力作用下天山构造隆升加剧 ,并在上新世以后由于重力作用诱发库车坳陷 -天山浅部构造层伸展、坍塌的结果。对这一构造转换的认识修订了库车坳陷新生代构造调整的序列。  相似文献   

西藏金沙江缝合带西段晚三叠世碰撞作用与沉积响应   总被引：17，自引：4，他引：17  

李勇  王成善  伊海生 《沉积学报》2003,21(2):191-197

青藏高原是由若干条缝合带和其间所夹的沉积盆地构成,其中晚三叠世北羌塘盆地位于金沙江缝合带南缘,盆地的充填实体显示为南薄北厚,为楔形沉积体;在垂向上,以不整合面为界可将该套充填地层划分为两个构造层序,下部构造层序以复理石建造为特征,上部构造层序以磨拉石建造为特征,具有典型的前陆盆地充填序列;盆地具双物源和双古流向体制,沉降中心和沉积中心具有不一致,显示其为金沙江缝合带南侧的周缘前陆盆地,从而确定了晚三叠世北羌塘前陆盆地与金沙江缝合带的成因关系。在此基础上,结合在金沙江缝合带西段新发现和确定的蛇绿岩的最小年龄和碰撞型花岗岩的年龄,本文根据下部构造层序复理石的年龄、前缘隆起的形成年龄、冲断带隆升成为地貌高地的年龄、下部不整合面的时代和前缘隆起型碳酸岩缓坡的形成时间标定了金沙江缝合带碰撞事件的时代下限,根据上部构造层序磨拉石的年龄、上部不整合面的年龄、花岗岩和构造碎裂岩成为物源的年龄标定了金沙江缝合带碰撞事件的时代上限,表明金沙江缝合带初始碰撞事件为卡尼克期与诺利克期之间,最终碰撞事件介于诺利克期与瑞替克期之间.  相似文献   

陕西旬邑晚新生代红土-黄土序列磁化率特征与环境变迁   总被引：11，自引：3，他引：11       下载免费PDF全文

薛祥煦  岳乐平  周杰  王建其 《第四纪研究》2003,23(1):103-108

研究陕西旬邑下墙完整的晚新生代红土-黄土剖面后证实,磁化率也可以作为分析红土气候特征的一个替代性指标,但最好的办法是以磁化率为主,同时参考粒度、地球化学等资料进行综合分析。本区新近系红土的磁化率曲线特点是高频率、低幅度、短周期,第四系黄土-古土壤的则是低频率、长周期。结合岩性、古生物、粒度及地球化学等资料得出,新近纪的气候在总体暖湿背景下有凉干-暖湿的交替,而第四纪的气候则是在总体冷干背景下的冷干-暖湿的交替。进入第四纪的气候突变及之后的气候亚突变,主导因素是该时期青藏高原的剧烈隆升,北极冰盖的形成与扩大也起着重要的作用。  相似文献