Effect of structure and texture on infiltration flow pattern during flood irrigation   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Jae Gon Kim  Chul-Min Chon  Jin-Soo Lee 《Environmental Geology》2004,46(6-7):962-969

Understanding the flow pattern of water and solute in subsurface soils is critically important in the fields of agricultural and environmental sciences. Dye tracer tests using a flood irrigation of Brilliant Blue FCF solution (5 g l^-1) and excavation method was performed to investigate the effect of texture and structure on the infiltration pattern at three different field soils developed from granite (GR), gneiss (GN) and limestone (LS). The GR soil showed a homogeneous matrix flow in the surface soil with weak, medium granular structure and a macropore flow along pegmatitic vein and plant root in C horizon. The surface horizon (A1) of GN soil with moderate, medium granular structure and many fine roots had matrix flow. The fingering occurred at the interfaces of sandy loam A horizon and loamy sand C horizon in GR soil and loam A1 horizon and sandy loam A2 horizon in GN soil. The LS soil with strong, coarse prismatic structure and the finest texture showed a macropore flow along cracks and had the deepest penetration of the dye tracer. The macropore (crack and vein), layer interface and plant root induced the preferential flow in the studied soils.  相似文献   

松辽盆地演化历史和铀成矿地质条件   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

于文卿  孙希 《吉林地质》1997,16(4):32-41

松辽盆地为中国北方大型内陆盆地之一，总面积达２０万平方公里，它们于中亚可地浸砂岩型铀矿带的东延部分。其中发育有含油气建造、含煤建造和红色陆相碎屑岩建造。在红色碎屑岩建造中有层间氧化和“泥－砂－泥”结构发育，并有良好的地下水承压和循环体制，是寻找可地浸砂岩型铀矿的有利地区。  相似文献   

Wind profiles in the boundary layer over Kharagpur associated with synoptic scale systems     

D K Paul  S P Ghanekar  B S Murthy  K G Vernekar 《Journal of Earth System Science》1995,104(2):317-326

Doppler sodar wind data for the boundary layer over Kharagpur obtained during MONTBLEX-1990 at a height interval of 30 m from surface up to 1500 m have been analysed for the periods when intense synoptic scale disturbances from north Bay of Bengal moved along the eastern end of the monsoon trough. The variation in the vertical wind profile in the lower boundary layer over Kharagpur during the passage of synoptic scale disturbances has been discussed in the paper. The analysis indicates that the mean winds over Kharagpur veered with height in the lower boundary layer near the surface suggesting divergence over Kharagpur when the system lay south/southwest of the station. No such veering has been noticed when the centre of the system lay very close to the station.  相似文献   

粘弹性分层和重力作用对地震形变场数值模拟的影响   总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

张晁军  石耀霖  黄建平 《地震工程学报》2008,30(3):201-207,213

弹性半无限空间模型程序(Okada)经常被用于计算同震形变,但该程序不能考虑岩石分层和重力作用对变形的影响,也无法考虑震后粘弹性变形.本文利用汪容江考虑分层、重力作用的粘弹性模型程序(PSGRN/PSCMP),讨论走滑和倾向滑动断层的几种情况,并与Okada模型进行比较.结果表明重力影响不大,分层作用的影响要大于重力作用的影响;考虑重力和分层可给出更好的结果;粘滞系数的大小对震后形变曲线的形态和幅度都有很大的影响,涉及震后形变的问题考虑粘滞性是非常重要的.  相似文献   

Lebedev网格改进差分系数TTI介质正演模拟方法研究          下载免费PDF全文

李娜  黄建平  李振春  田坤  李庆洋 《地球物理学报》2014,57(1):261-269

本文采用一种新的交错网格-Lebedev网格（LG）进行TTI介质的正演模拟研究,避免了Virieux标准交错网格（SSG）算法在处理TTI、单斜等各向异性介质时波场插值引入的数值误差,提高了模拟精度.在方法实现过程中,本文针对有限差分正演模拟面临的网格频散与边界反射两个关键性问题分别做了优化,并通过模型试算验证了它们的有效性与可行性：（1）结合最小二乘思想推导出新的频散改进差分系数（DIC）,该系数比Taylor系数更能有效地压制粗网格引起的数值频散,可以节约内存,提高计算效率;（2）将分裂的多轴完全匹配层（M-PML）吸收边界条件引入到LG算法中,解决了传统PML边界条件在某些各向异性介质中的不稳定现象并且具有较好的边界吸收效果.  相似文献   

磁组构与构造变形   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

王开  贾东  罗良  董树文 《地球物理学报》2017,60(3):1007-1026

磁组构通常指磁化率各向异性,即AMS(Anisotropy of Magnetic Susceptibility),是一种重要的岩石组构,是弱变形沉积岩地区灵敏的应变指示计.近年来,AMS在造山带及前陆地区的广泛应用为构造变形研究提供了极大的帮助,同时提升了该方法的理论认识.本文在研读最新相关文献与著作的基础上,结合笔者及研究团队在龙门山地区获得的磁组构研究成果,综述了磁组构在沉积岩地区构造变形研究中的应用进展,并基于现有的研究认识对关键问题进行讨论,提出以下几点认识:(1)磁性矿物分析是AMS研究的关键,应结合多种岩石磁学实验及光学与电子显微构造研究手段展开详细的磁性矿物学分析;(2)磁化率椭球与应变椭球的对应主轴在绝大多数情况下相互平行,但在不同期次、不同种类复杂的磁性矿物组成,或者多期次构造变形的影响下,AMS与应变的关系相对复杂,应比对高场和低温AMS及非磁滞剩磁各向异性(AARM)测试结果,获得不同矿物的优选定向特征,并对获得的组构进行分期;(3)AMS可以揭示造山带及其前陆地区的构造演化历史,并且是分析断层相关褶皱的有限应变特征和变形机制的重要方法,同时也是厘定断裂带变形性状和期次及运动学分析的有效手段;(4)磁组构形成于成岩作用早期或构造变形的最早阶段,能很好地记录褶皱和逆冲作用之前的平行层缩短变形,因此可以揭示同沉积阶段的古构造应力方向.后期足够强烈的构造变形能局部改造或彻底掩盖先存AMS记录,构造流体有关的同构造期结晶矿物或先存矿物的重结晶导致的再定向被认为是其根本原因;(5)斜交磁线理是一种特殊的磁组构类型,反映了区域构造叠加或多期构造变形作用或隐伏斜向逆冲等可能的构造过程,有必要结合多方面的地质证据对其成因作出合理解释.  相似文献   

Research Note: Near‐surface layer replacement for sparse data: is interpolation needed?          下载免费PDF全文

Yimin Sun  Eric Verschuur  Yi Luo 《Geophysical Prospecting》2017,65(6):1694-1705

Near‐surface problem is a common challenge faced by land seismic data processing, where often, due to near‐surface anomalies, events of interest are obscured. One method to handle this challenge is near‐surface layer replacement, which is a wavefield reconstruction process based on downward wavefield extrapolation with the near‐surface velocity model and upward wavefield extrapolation with a replacement velocity model. This requires, in theory, that the original wavefield should be densely sampled. In reality, data acquisition is always sparse due to economic reasons, and as a result in the near‐surface layer replacement data interpolation should be resorted to. For datasets with near‐surface challenges, because of the complex event behaviour, a suitable interpolation scheme by itself is a challenging problem, and this, in turn, makes it difficult to carry out the near‐surface layer replacement. In this research note, we first point out that the final objective of the near‐surface layer replacement is not to obtain a newly reconstructed wavefield but to obtain a better final image. Next, based upon this finding, we propose a new thinking, interpolation‐free near‐surface layer replacement, which can handle complex datasets without any interpolation. Data volume expansion is the key idea, and with its help, the interpolation‐free near‐surface layer replacement is capable of preserving the valuable information of areas of interest in the original dataset. Two datasets, i.e., a two‐dimensional synthetic dataset and a three‐dimensional field dataset, are used to demonstrate this idea. One conclusion that can be drawn is that an attempt to interpolate data before layer replacement may deteriorate the final image after layer replacement, whereas interpolation‐free near‐surface layer replacement preserves all image details in the subsurface.  相似文献   

四川盆地三叠系地下卤水储层特征及其富集的控制作用   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

林耀庭 《盐湖研究》1999,7(3):1-7

四川盆地三叠系地下卤水分布广泛,品质优良,是我国开采利用最早,工业价值最高的卤水资源。研究表明,地下卤水储层为低孔隙低渗透致密岩石,不利于卤水的运聚,而后期构造形成的断裂和裂缝控制了卤水的富集作用。  相似文献   

Conserved variable analysis of the marine boundary layer and air-sea exchange processes using BOBMEX-Pilot data sets     

N. V. Sam  U. C. Mohanty  A. N. V. Satyanarayana 《Journal of Earth System Science》2000,109(2):305-314

The present study is based on the observed features of the MBL (Marine Boundary Layer) during the Bay of Bengal and Monsoon Experiment (BOBMEX) — Pilot phase. Conserved Variable Analysis (CVA) of the conserved variables such as potential temperature, virtual potential temperature, equivalent potential temperature, saturation equivalent potential temperature and specific humidity were carried out at every point of upper air observation obtained on board ORV Sagar Kanya. The values are estimated up to a maximum of 4 km to cover the boundary layer. The Marine Boundary Layer Height is estimated from the conserved thermodynamic profiles. During the disturbed period when the convective activity is observed, the deeper boundary layers show double mixing line structures. An attempt is also made to study the oceanic heat budget using empirical models. The estimated short-wave radiation flux compared well with the observations.  相似文献   

Influence of the Saharan Air Layer on Atlantic Tropical Cyclone Formation during the Period 1-12 September 2003     

潘维玉  吴立广 《大气科学进展》2011,(1)

Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) data show that the Saharan air layer (SAL) is a dry, warm, and well-mixed layer between 950 and 500 hPa over the tropical Atlantic, extending westward from the African coast to the Caribbean Sea. The formations of both Hurricane Isabel and Tropical Depression 14 (TD14) were accompanied with outbreaks of SAL air during the period 1-12 September 2003, although TD14 failed to develop into a named tropical cyclone. The influence of the SAL on their formations is investigated ...  相似文献