温州城市新高程基准建立的实践与思考     

陈远新  黄小明 《现代测绘》2007,30(1):24-26

本文针对原温州市区高程控制的现状,提出建立城市新高程基准网的必要性;结合温州市二等水准网建立的实践经验,阐述了城市高程基准网的方案设计、组织实施和成果的分析与利用是建立城市高程基准网的关键;从温州典型软土地基的实际出发,介绍了如何确保水准点埋石质量,以达到城市高精度的高程基准网建设;通过对温州市二等水准网复测及成果分析,建立水准点的沉降档案并提出周期性复测的要求.  相似文献   

Determination of displacements in the upper Rhine graben Area from GPS and leveling data     

Sz. Rózsa  B. Heck  M. Mayer  K. Seitz  M. Westerhaus  K. Zippelt 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》2005,94(4):538-549

The Upper Rhine graben is a north–northeast trending rift system, which belongs to the European Cenozoic rift system. Today, the southern part of the graben is seismically still active. Earthquakes of magnitude 5 have a recurrence time of approximately 30 years. In order to monitor and to determine the displacements in the study area, GPS measurements have been carried out in two campaigns (1999 and 2000), and observations of the available permanent stations have been processed in 2002. Owing to the small size of deformations expected, high accuracy requirements must be met by the GPS processing. In order to achieve these requirements, precise antenna modeling has been introduced into the processing. As expected the short time span has not enabled to detect significant displacements from the GPS measurements. The deformation analysis shows that the horizontal displacement rates do not exceed 1 mm/year, which is compatible with the geological information. Owing to the fact that the accuracy of positioning with GPS for the vertical coordinates is lower than for the horizontal coordinates, the determination of vertical displacements has been carried out using the leveling technique. In the area of Freiburg, first-order and second-order leveling lines have been chosen for the detection of local displacements on the Weinstetten, on the Lehen-Schönberg and on the Main Border Fault (MBF). Some sections of these faults are still active today. Significant vertical displacements have been observed at the Weinstetten fault in the area of Bad Krozingen and on the MBF in Freiburg. The displacement rates (1925–1984) are 0.17±0.01 mm/year and 0.25±0.02 mm/year respectively. The results agree very well with the results of seismotectonic investigations, and show that ongoing displacements can be found on the northern part of the Lehen-Schönberg fault in the vicinity of Eichstetten, and on the MBF in the vicinity of Freiburg.  相似文献   

用速率面拟合法研究辽宁地区现今垂直运动     

孔繁强  林玉祥 《东北地震研究》1997,(1)

本文利用速率面拟合法，选择辽宁地区三期二组精密水准测量成果进行速率面拟合计算，绘制了垂直形变变化速率图，继而分别分析辽西及辽南现今垂直运动  相似文献   

用数值拟合法确定GPS正常高的研究   总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13  

于来法 《测绘学院学报》1996,(2)

本文论述了用数值拟会确定ＧＰＳ正常高的几种方法，研究了多项式曲面拟合、多面函数拟会和三次样条函数曲线拟合的模型选择、水准点布设及拟合的精度。研究结果可供ＧＰＳ水准参考，软件可供选用。  相似文献   

Results of geodetic and geotechnical monitoring of subsidence for Taiwan High Speed Rail operation   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Cheinway Hwang  Wei-Chia Hung  Chih-Hsi Liu 《Natural Hazards》2008,47(1):1-16

Taiwan High Speed Rail (THSR), which began operations in January 2007, passes through an area in Yunlin County where the largest cumulative subsidence measured during 1992–2006 exceeds 100 cm. Leveling benchmarks, GPS pillars and multi-level monitoring wells were deployed in this area to collect detailed subsidence data from October 2003 to 2006. Leveling is carried out on both ground benchmarks and survey bolts attached to THSR columns. Minimum constraint solutions of leveling networks produce estimated heights accurate to a few mm. Special attention is paid to code smoothing, ionospheric, tropospheric and ocean tidal loading (OTL) effects, so that height estimates from GPS are optimal. Leveling and GPS-derived height changes are consistent to 1 cm, and show that from Stations 210 to 240K of TSHR, the subsidence is bowl shaped. Measurements of sediment compaction in specific depth intervals at three monitoring wells indicate that most of the subsidence is caused by sediment compaction at depths from 50 to 300 m. The major compaction occurs in the interval 220–300 m and is attributed to ground water withdrawal. Large angular deflections as determined from subsidence measurements are detected at some columns, but are below the upper bound (1/1,000) of tolerance specified in the safety code. With the current subsidence and sediment compaction, no significantly reduced loading capacity of the columns is expected to occur. For a safe THSR operation, subsidence and sediment-compaction monitoring should be continued, and current ground water withdrawal in Yunlin must be reduced or stopped.  相似文献   

天山中段地区垂直形变特征与地震危险区   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

于建民  丁平 《内陆地震》1989,3(4):356-361

本文用动态秩亏自由网平差处理了天山中段地区的大面积水准资料,给出了该区现今垂直形变速率等值线图。分析了天山中段地区的垂直形变概貌及特征。指出博罗霍洛断隆带是现今垂直形变的高速隆起带;北天山构造带的垂直差异运动水平高于南天山构造带:沙湾—巩乃斯以西地段为垂直形变速率的高梯度带展布区,有可能是未来强震活动的危险区段。  相似文献   

朝阳地震台水准观测干扰因素分析     

杨玉光  秦家林  刘忠华  李友辉 《东北地震研究》2007,23(2):36-41

本文介绍了朝阳地震台水准观测的现状，同时分析了其主要干扰因素并提出了改进的方法。  相似文献   

用Excel编写四等水准观测记录和平差计算程序   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

王德成 《北京测绘》2007,(3):57-58

介绍了用Excel编写四等水准观测记录及平差计算程序的有关方法和技巧,适合生产部门使用。  相似文献   

京津高铁北京段地面沉降监测及结果分析          下载免费PDF全文

刘欢欢  张有全  王荣  宫辉力  顾兆芹  阚京梁  罗勇  贾三满 《地球物理学报》2016,59(7):2424-2432

京津高铁是我国第一条高速运行的城际铁路,其安全运行对轨道变形有着严格的要求.京津高铁北京段经过平原区的沉降区域.地面沉降,尤其是不均匀地面沉降已经引起了部分地段路基和桥梁变形,威胁着高铁的运营安全.因此,需要高精度监测铁路路基和桥梁沉降,分析其原因,进而才能提出缓解沉降灾害的合理措施,保证京津高铁安全运行.本文采用时序干涉测量技术、水准测量技术和分层标监测、地下水分层监测手段相结合,对京津高铁北京段地面沉降进行监测,并利用监测结果分析其差异性沉降成因.结果表明:沿线区域地面沉降发展一定程度上受到来广营凸起、南苑—通县断裂和大兴隆起构造控制;地下水超采是区域地面沉降的主要驱动因素,同时第四系沉积环境、地层岩性和补给条件等共同作用,使得地面沉降发展在空间上存在一定差异性,可以分为微小沉降区(DK0-DK9段)、严重沉降区(DK9-DK27段)和一般沉降区(DK27-DK50);沿线区域地面沉降主要贡献层为中深部地层(50~147.5m),该层黏性土厚度较大,且主要呈现弹塑性形变,占总沉降量的76%左右,是未来地面沉降调控的主要层位.  相似文献   

几何法确定区域似大地水准面及工程应用     

张秀锦 《测绘与空间地理信息》2019,42(2):211-213

为了充分利用GPS观测数据中的高程信息,获得GPS观测点的正常高,本文利用EGM96全球重力场模型和某区域GPS/水准数据,采用移去-恢复技术以几何方法计算了该区域2.5'×2.5'分辨率似大地水准面模型,经过内、外精度的检验,似大地水准面模型的精度优于0.07 m。结合区域内某工程布设的E级GPS控制网数据进行正常高的计算,并和水准实测高程进行比较,结果表明几何法确定的小区域似大地水准面模型结合GPS观测信息可以代替低等级的水准测量,满足一般工程对高程测量的需求。  相似文献