松辽盆地深层断陷沙河子组烃源岩分布预测与生气潜力   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王志宏  李剑  夏利 《世界地质(英文版)》2014,(3)

松辽盆地下白垩统沙河子组是深层断陷的主要烃源岩发育层系,目前钻井揭示其厚度大（＞700 m）,埋藏深（＞3500 m）,但钻井大都分布于深层断陷的边部,断陷内部烃源岩层揭示少。根据断陷结构样式及地震反射特征,总结出单断箕状断陷和双断地堑式断陷两种沙河子组烃源岩发育模式,并确定深层烃源岩主要有五种存在形式。断陷中部席状平行结构、成层性、连续性好的地震反射特征的烃源岩最为落实,主要为深湖-半深湖相,暗色泥岩厚度大,暗地比高（45％～70％）。深层沙河子组烃源岩总生气量约148.38×1012 m3,天然气资源潜力巨大。  相似文献   

莺歌海盆地前新生代基底特征     

尤龙  王璞珺  吴景富  岳军培  郎元强  沈怀磊 《世界地质(英文版)》2014,(3)

结合盆缘露头、盆地基底钻井及重磁震资料,综合研究莺歌海盆地前新生代基底特征。基于盆地西北缘Song Da带18个剖面点地层序列、166件岩石样品密度和2800套磁化率测量结果,建立密度--磁化率交汇图版,约束盆内地震剖面和重磁异常解释,通过海陆结合的方法填制出盆地基底地质图。其前新生界由前震旦系、寒武系-上三叠统下部、上三叠统上部-白垩系三个构造层构成,它们沿红河断裂呈北西向分布,中间老,为前震旦纪中-高级变质岩;两侧新,向西为中生代沉积岩,向东为古生代浅变质岩、灰岩。  相似文献   

Pediment response to drainage basin evolution in south-central Arizona     

Phillip H. Larson  Ronald I. Dorn  R. Evan Palmer  Zack Bowles  Emma Harrison  Scott Kelley 《自然地理学》2014,35(5):369-389

The Sonoran Desert portion of the Basin and Range physiographic province contains a number of streams that now flow across once-closed basins. We explore here the research questions of if and how granitic rock pediments respond to the transition from rimming endorheic basins to bordering through-flowing streams. Granitic rock pediments of the northern Usery and eastern McDowell Mountains once graded to the closed Miocene–Pliocene Pemberton basin that occupied the present-day location of the confluence of the Salt and Verde Rivers. The process of lake overflow, which integrated these rivers, first aggraded fill terraces that, in turn, caused aggradation of a mantle of transported grus on bedrock pediments. Subsequent episodic incision of the Salt and Verde rivers lowered the base level; this led to the development of erosional features such as rolling topography of a degrading pediment mantle; exposure of the former piedmont angle and its associated zones of enhanced bedrock decay and regolith carbonate; and exposure of spheroidally weathered bedrock and emerging tors, some of which experienced 20^th century erosion. The granitic pediments of the former Pemberton Basin, which now transport grus to the Salt and Verde rivers, have actively adjusted to aggradational and degradational events associated with drainage integration and do not appear to be inherited from an ancient wet climatic interval.  相似文献   

Relationship between surface pollen assemblages and vegetation in Luonan Basin,Eastern Qinling Mountains,Central China     

ZHANG Wenchao  LI Chunhai  LU Huayu  TIAN Xianhua  ZHANG Hongyan  LEI Fang  TANG Lingyu 《地理学报》2014,24(3):427-445

The catchment of South Luohe River in Central China is an important region for investigating modern pollen-environment relationship, because it is located in the transitional zone between south and north China, an environment which is sensitive to climate changes. In this study, 40 surface samples under ten vegetation types were collected to reveal the relationship between pollen assemblages and vegetation. The results show that the surface pollen assemblages reflect the vegetation quite well. In forest topsoils, the average of arboreal pollen content is greater than 40%, and the Selaginella sinensis spore is high. As to sparse forest grassland and shrub community, the average arboreal pollen is 13.2% and 16.6% respectively, and the shrub pollen is relatively higher than that of grassland samples. The grassland and farmland are characterized by low percentage of tree and shrub pollen (<10% and <1%), and high percentage of herbs (>80%). Pinus, Quercus and some other arboreal pollen can indicate the regional vegetation because of their dispersal ability. Quercus pollen is under-representative and so is Pinus. Artemisia pollen is significantly over-represented, has poor correlation with the plant coverage, and may reflect human disturbance. Gramineae can indicate plant quite well, but with low representation. High content of Chenopodiaceae probably suggests human impact. Predominant Selaginella sinensis can be used as an indicator of forest environment. Cluster analysis and principal components analysis of pollen assemblages can distinguish forest and non-forest vegetation well. The former method is better at separating pine and mixed forests, while the latter is more stable and could better differentiate farmland and other non-forest area. The first axis of PCA mainly reflects the humidity.  相似文献   

辽河三角洲滨海湿地含水层水文地质参数获取的试验研究     

赵全升  胡舒娅  王新民  叶思源  丁喜桂 《地理科学》2014,(12):1533-1537

抽水试验是获取水文地质参数的重要方法,为准确获取辽河三角洲滨海湿地潜水含水层的渗透系数,进行了一个抽水孔、两个观测孔的抽水试验。根据单孔抽水试验和多孔抽水试验观测数据,采用潜水非完整井求参公式、巴布什金公式及积分变换等方法计算含水层渗透系数。结果表明,用不同方法计算得出的含水层渗透系数值相差不大。通过试验测定PJ01井组潜水含水层渗透系数为1.15 m/d,PJ03井组潜水含水层渗透系数为0.74 m/d。  相似文献   

梭梭(Haloxylon ammodendron)主根周围土壤特征   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

楚新正  马倩  马晓飞  徐莉  马婕 《中国沙漠》2014,34(1):170-175

通过建立米级的空间尺度进行分层取样,研究了准噶尔盆地南缘建群种——梭梭(Haloxylon ammodendron)主根周围土壤的含水率、容重、pH值、电导率和养分含量的变化状况。结果表明:(1)土壤含水量在表层5cm处最小,土壤容重在0~40cm土层变动幅度不大,但随着与茎基垂线距离的增加,二者出现显著变化(p0.05)。(2)土壤pH值和电导率在主根区周围呈现聚集现象,最大聚集率均在0~1m圈层,但随着距离的增加,土层深度逐渐成为主导因素。(3)土壤养分在表层5cm处聚集,但水平聚集范围中除有机质和全氮可扩增到3~4m外,全磷和速效养分均在0~2m。本研究结论对于荒漠区耐盐性植被的合理密植有一定的理论意义。  相似文献   

闽江流域水体氨氮降解系数实验模拟研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

游雪静  张玉珍  苏玉萍  陈锦  姜炳棋  林燕秋 《福建地理》2014,(1):61-67

本研究采用模拟实验对闽江流域氨氮的降解规律进行研究,降解系数采用稳态一维降解模型进行分析计算,闽江上游流域氨氮的平均降解系数为0.140~0.260 d-1,中下游流域氨氮的平均降解系数为0.099~0.203 d-1。结果表明,闽江上游流域氨氮自净能力比中下游流域的自净能力好,古田溪断面的氨氮平均降解系数低于全国的平均值,说明氨氮自净能力相对较弱,本研究为确定流域水环境容量和纳污能力及制定污染物总量控制提供科学依据。  相似文献   

气候变化与人类活动联合影响下东江流域非一致性洪水频率   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

顾西辉  张强  陈晓宏  江涛 《热带地理》2014,(6)

一致性假设一直是洪水频率分析的基本假设条件,但在气候变化与人类活动综合影响下,水文极值序列的一致性假设受到极大挑战。基于此,以东江流域为例,运用GAMLSS模型(广义可加模型),将时间、气候指标(北极涛动AO、北太平洋涛动NPO、太平洋年代际振荡PDO和南方涛动SOI)以及水库指标(Reservoir Index)统一纳入洪水频率分析中,并对东江流域1954―2009年年最大流量序列(AMS)进行频率分析,结果表明:1)龙川、河源和岭下站年最大流量序列均值与时间呈线性关系,方差为常量,而博罗站均值和方差与时间均呈非线性关系;2)水库对各水文站点AMS均值有显著线性影响;3)NPO对各站点AMS均值有显著线性影响,NPO值较高时,东江流域可能面临着较低的洪水风险,在一致性假设前提下,可能高估洪水设计值,反之亦然;而PDO对各站点方差有显著线性(岭下、博罗)/非线性(龙川、河源)影响;4)以时间为协变量构建非一致性模型,研究得出:龙川、河源和岭下3站T年一遇洪水设计值均呈单调下降趋势,博罗站1954―1995年左右洪水设计值呈下降趋势,而在1996―2009年呈上升趋势;以气候与水库为协变量构建非一致性模型,研究表明:龙川、河源和岭下3站T年一遇洪水设计值均因水库影响呈向下跃变;5)以气候和水库为协变量的非一致性模型对洪水频率具有良好的预测能力,为非一致条件下设计洪水的预测提供了新的预测方法。  相似文献   

The atmospheric circulation patterns influencing the frequency of spring sand-dust storms in the Tarim Basin     

HongJun Li  XinHua Yang  Yong Zhao  MinZhong Wang  Wen Huo 《寒旱区科学》2014,6(2):0168-0173

Using NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data and the sand-storm frequency data fi＇om 37 weather stations in the Tarim Basin for the period 1961-2009, the relationship between the frequency of spring sandstorms in the Tafim Basin and the associated atmospheric circu- lation pattems is analyzed in this study. We found significantly negative correlations between sandstorm frequency and the 500-hPa geopotential height over the Paris Basin and midwestem Mongolia, while there were positive correlations over the Ural River region. The rising of the 500-hPa geopotential height in midwestem Mongolia and its falling over the Ural region corre- spond to a weakening of the large-scale wave patterns in the Eurasian region, which directly causes the frequency of the sand-dust storms in the Tarim Basin to decline. Also, the abrupt decline in the spring sandstorm frequency in the Tarim Basin observed in the last half-century is associated with profound changes in the atmospheric circulation in these key regions. At the interannual scale, the strengthened cyclonic atmospheric circulation patterns in the western part of Mongolia and the anticyclonic patterns over the East European plains at 500-hPa geopotential height, are responsible for frequent sandstorm occurrences in the Tarim Basin.  相似文献   

Dating of two thermokarst lakes in Beiluhe Basin,Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau     

ZhanJu Lin  ;FuJun Niu  ;Jing Luo  ;MingHao Liu  ;GuoAn Yin 《寒旱区科学》2014,(5):504-510

Most of the thermokarst lakes are spread appreciably in Beiluhe Basin,Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,China,where ice-rich permafrost exists.Two typical thermokarst lakes with differing area and depth were examined to ascertain their age.We obtained lake-bottom samples of 50 cm length from lake BLH-A and 25 cm length from lake BLH-B.Environmental 137 Cs and 210 Pb and radiocarbon age dating techniques were applied to the 50 cm and 25 cm samples,respectively.The results indicate that the initiation of BLH-A is about 800-900 a B.P.,and approximately 1,450±30 a B.P.to 2,230±30 a B.P.for BLH-B.These results will provide scientific bases for sedimentological study and thermokarst activity in Beiluhe Basin.  相似文献