基于主成分回归的阿克苏市城市需水量预测     

邱红霞 《地下水》2010,32(2):97-99

科学地预测城市需水量对城市的发展具有十分重要的意义。城市需水量受到多重因素的影响,各因素之间的相关性较大,从而导致一些预测计算结果失真,使一些公式的适用性不是很强。为此,采用主成分回归建模,借助主成分分析与典型相关分析的思路,有效地解决了各因子之间的相关问题,建立了城市需水量预报模型。结果表明．模型的拟合和预报精度均较好。  相似文献   

地震危险综合评判的分量分析方法     

潘华  雷建成 《中国地震》1995,11(4):390-396

地震危险性评判，通常需要将多种方法的结果加以综合。为了去除各种方法中可能的重复信息，并对各种方法对危险性评判结论的重要程度进行合理的度量，使综合的结果更加合理，我们引入了分量分析方法。本文首先介绍了分量分析方法的基本原理，其次阐述了该方法在地震危险性综合评判中的应用，最后给出了华北北部中长期地震危险性预测的一个计算实例。  相似文献   

树分类器在测井岩性评价中的应用          下载免费PDF全文

潘懋  马莉  魏至峰 《地质科学》1993,(2):193

 利用测井资料进行岩性定量识别,分类方法的设计是决定分类结果好坏的关键。本文讨论了树分类器与产生式规则相结合的方法在岩性分类中的应用。利用数据完整的测井曲线参与树分类器的学习、判别工作,用树分类器进行岩性的“逐级识别”,不完整的特征交由定性规则处理,既实现了岩性的细分,且保证了分类的精度。  相似文献   

Participatory methods of incorporating scientific with traditional knowledge for volcanic hazard management on Ambae Island,Vanuatu   总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5  

Shane?J.?CroninEmail author  David?R.?Gaylord  Douglas?Charley  Brent?V.?Alloway  Sandrine?Wallez  Job?W.?Esau 《Bulletin of Volcanology》2004,66(7):652-668

Ambae Island is the largest of Vanuatus active volcanoes. It is also one of the nations potentially most dangerous, with 60 million m³ of lake-water perched at over 1340 m in the summit caldera and over the active vent. In 1995, small phreatic explosions, earthquake swarms and heightened gas release led to calls for evacuation preparation and community volcanic hazard awareness programs for the ~9500 inhabitants. Differences in perspective or world-view between the island dwellers adhering to traditional beliefs (Kastom) and external scientists and emergency managers led to a climate of distrust following this crisis. In an attempt to address these issues, rebuild dialogue and respect between communities, outside scientists and administrators, and move forward in volcanic hazard education and planning for Ambae, we adapted and applied Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) approaches. Initial gender-segregated PRA exercises from two representative communities provided a mechanism for cataloguing local traditional viewpoints and hazard perceptions. Ultimately, by combining elements of these viewpoints and perceptions with science-based management structures, we derived volcanic hazard management guidelines, supported by an alert system and map that were more readily accepted by the test communities than the earlier top-down plans imposed by outside governmental and scientific agencies. The strength of PRA approaches is that they permit scientists to understand important local perspective issues, including visualisations of volcanic hazards, weaknesses in internal and external communication systems, and gender and hierarchy conflicts, all of which can hinder community emergency management. The approach we describe has much to offer both developing and industrialised communities that wish to improve their awareness programs and mitigative planning. This approach should also enhance communication and understanding between volcanologists and the communities they serve.  相似文献   

气象地理信息系统的设计与实现   总被引：9，自引：3，他引：9       下载免费PDF全文

刘品高江南  谭萍佘万明  葛毅华丁岳强  唐林许霖 《应用气象学报》2005,16(4):547-553

微软.NET平台上采用C#语言编程, 从低层开发成功面向气象应用的专题型地理信息系统———气象地理信息系统 (MeteoGIS)。该系统以满足气象防灾减灾工作对GIS功能的迫切需求为目标, 实现了一个拥有自主版权的独立GIS内核, 不依赖于任何商业GIS系统及其二次开发接口。介绍了该系统开发的背景、目的、意义与若干关键技术, 简述了该系统的结构、功能与推广应用前景。  相似文献   

基于地学信息服务的Internet 3维 GIS：GeoEye 3D   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

陶闯  王全科 《测绘学报》2002,31(1):17-21

随着Internet、分布式计算以及计算机图形学的飞速发展,开发基于Internet的3维GIS系统已成为可能。这3种技术的有力结合为地学领域开创了一个崭新的时代,促使网络GIS的概念由“地学数据服务”提高到“地学信息处理服务”的新阶段,不仅地学数据,地学信息处理功能也可以分布在基于客户／服务器的架构上,用户可以根据不同的需求“租用”和组合来自于Internet的不同功能。基于这一概念和作者提出的构件注册模型,我们从1998年开始着手研究和开发新一代的Internet 3维GIS：GeoEye 3D。这一系统集成了GIS、3维可视化、分布式计算及网络通信等技术,允许用户通过标准Internet浏览器来应用远程功能对远程和本地数据进行可视化分析。阐述了地学信息处理服务概念和构件注册模型以及GeoEye 3D的系统架构、算法和应用实例。  相似文献   

Internet GIS的部件化结构   总被引：40，自引：0，他引：40  

袁相儒  陈莉丽  龚健雅 《测绘学报》1998,27(4):363-369

在近年来的软件发展中,网络和部件化技术的进步是其重要的特征之一。软件工业的主要突破点便是软件之间的联合和部件化。为了实现ＧＩＳ信息数据在Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ上的获取、共享和发布,即实现Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ和ＧＩＳ的完美结合,作者运用Ｊａｖａ和ＪＤＢＣ开发了基于矢量图形分布式模型的、具备部件化结构的Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ ＧＩＳ。本文介绍的矢量图形分布式模型及其实现方法,部件化结构的思想、实践和特征。  相似文献   

一种新的基于连通成分的边缘评价方法     

林卉  赵长胜  舒宁 《现代测绘》2003,26(2):8-11

考虑到边缘局部相关性的特点，提出了一种新的边缘评价方法，该方法不需要标准边缘图，对边缘图直接求取总的边缘点数(A)、4一连通成分数(B)、8一连通成分(C)数以及C／A、C／B的比值，然后进行综合评价。实验结果表明，该评价方法具有很强的现实意义和参考价值。  相似文献   

Detrital and pedogenic magnetic mineral phases in the loess/palaeosol sequence at Lingtai (Central Chinese Loess Plateau)     

S. Spassov  F. Heller  R. Kretzschmar  M. E. Evans  L. P. Yue  D. K. Nourgaliev 《Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors》2003,140(4):255-275

A detailed rock magnetic investigation of loess/palaeosol samples from the section at Lingtai on the central Chinese Loess Plateau (CLP) is presented. Thermal demagnetisation of isothermal remanent magnetisation (IRM) and Curie temperature measurements suggest the presence of magnetite, maghemite and hematite as remanence carrying components. Bulk and grain size fractionated samples have been analysed using coercivity spectra of remanence acquisition/demagnetisation curves, which identify four main remanence carriers in different grain size fractions of loesses and palaeosols. A linear source mixing model quantifies the contribution of the four components which have been experimentally derived as dominating endmembers in specific grain size fractions. Up to two thirds of the total IRM of the palaeosols are due to slightly oxidised pedogenic magnetite. Two detrital components dominate up to 90% of the IRM of the loess samples and are ascribed to maghemite of different oxidation degree. Detrital hematite is present in all samples and contributes up to 10% of the IRM. The iron content of the grain size fractions gives evidence that iron in pedogenically grown remanence carriers does not originate from the detrital iron oxides, but rather from iron-bearing clays and mafic silicates. The contribution of pedogenic magnetite to the bulk IRM increases with the increasing degree of pedogenesis, which depends in turn on climate change.  相似文献   

The use of the anisotropy of magnetic remanence in the resolution of the anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility into its ferromagnetic and paramagnetic components     

Franti ek Hrouda 《Tectonophysics》2002,347(4)

The anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) is often controlled by both ferromagnetic (sensu lato) and paramagnetic minerals. The anisotropy of magnetic remanence (AMR) is solely controlled by ferromagnetic minerals. Jelínek (Trav. Geophys. 37 (1993)) introduced a tensor derived from the isothermal AMR whose normalized form equals the normalized susceptibility tensor provided that the ferromagnetic fraction is represented by multi-domain magnetite. The present paper shows the close correlation between these tensors for a collection of strongly magnetic specimens containing multi-domain magnetite. In addition, acceptable correlation between the tensors was also found for a collection of specimens containing single-domain magnetite. A new method is developed for the AMS resolution into ferromagnetic and paramagnetic components using the AMR. Some examples are presented of this resolution in mafic microgranular enclaves in granodiorite and in gneisses of the KTB borehole.  相似文献