贵州绥阳阴河洞洞穴壶穴的演化过程     

曹明达  周忠发  张结  殷超  潘艳喜  闫利会  陈全 《地理学报》2016,71(11):2010-2019

通过对贵州绥阳寒武系中上统娄山关组中发育洞穴之阴河洞地下河河床基岩面上49个壶穴进行详细测量和统计学定量分析,对其形态特征及空间分布进行描述,并探讨其形成演化过程和影响因素。主要结论为：阴河洞壶穴的整体形态以极浅的倒“Ω”型和“锅”型壶穴为主,并且壶穴发育相对较年轻;壶穴长短轴具有一定的相关性,但平均口径与深度的相关性较差,说明壶穴在发育的过程在洪水期以口径增大为主,枯水期以溶蚀深度加深为主,且表现为地下河河床下切的形式之一;从发育阶段看,阴河洞壶穴的形成演化主要分为3个阶段：“碟型”壶穴形成阶段;倒“Ω”型壶穴发育阶段;“锅”型壶穴发育阶段,其形成主要受水动力条件、构造条件、推移质、基岩性质和溶蚀作用等因素耦合的作用;洞穴壶穴主要是流水的侵—溶蚀作用形成的,并非冰川作用的结果,与“冰臼”的发育存在本质上的区别。  相似文献   

Precise dating of the Dansgaard-Oeschger event 4 and its sub-cycles: Evidence from a stalagmite from Xianyun Cave in Longyan City,Fujian Province     

Che Yin-Ping  Xiao Hai-Yan  Jiang Xiu-Yang  Cai Bing-Gui 《古地理学报》1999,22(2):377-384

The Dansgaard-Oeschger event 4(DO4 event) is a significant warming event that occurred in the late Marine Isotope Stage 3. At present,there are different understandings about the detailed characteristics and internal structures of the DO4 event. Based on 6 precisely-dated ²³⁰Th ages and 188 oxygen isotope data of a stalagmite(No.XYⅢ-28)from the Xianyun Cave,Fujian Province,we present δ¹⁸O time series with an average resolution of 7 yr from 29.13 to 27.94 kyr B.P. Our new stalagmites δ¹⁸O records uncover the detailed processes of the DO4 event. The onset and end time of the DO4 event recorded by the stalagmite δ¹⁸O is 28.83±0.06 and 28.46±0.06 kyr B.P.,respectively, and the duration is 0.37±0.06 kyr. Differential with abrupt change of NGRIP ice core δ¹⁸O record at the onset of DO4 based on the GICC05 layer count time scale,the Xianyun Cave δ¹⁸O shows a relatively slow change. The Xianyun stalagmite δ¹⁸O values negatively shift by 0.4‰ within 145±60 yr,which indicates that the Xianyun Cave was likely affected by the ocean-atmosphere coupling of the tropical. In addition,the Xianyun stalagmite δ¹⁸O reveals a series of sub-million-scale summer monsoon enhancement events in and around the DO4 event,corresponding to the NGRIP ice core δ¹⁸O record and the Arabian Sea basin record. Our results suggest that the East Asian summer monsoon is related to the north-high latitude temperature and the ITCZ position changes on the sub-millennium-scale event.  相似文献   

加味桂枝甘草龙骨牡蛎汤治疗心阳不振型室性早搏35例临床观察          下载免费PDF全文

郭戈  王朝亮 《应用海洋学学报》2023,39(10):5

目的:观察加味桂枝甘草龙骨牡蛎汤治疗心阳不振型室性早搏的临床疗效。方法：将70 例心阳不振型室性早搏患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组各35 例。对照组予以琥珀酸美托洛尔缓释片治疗,治疗组在对照组基础上联合加味桂枝甘草龙骨牡蛎汤治疗。比较2组治疗前后的中医证候积分、24 h室性早搏次数及不良反应发生情况,并评定综合疗效。结果：总有效率治疗组为88.57%（31/35）,对照组为62.86%（22/35）,2组比较,差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）;2组中医证候积分及24 h室性早搏次数治疗前后组内比较及治疗后组间比较,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.01）。2组均出现轻度胃部不适、恶心等不良反应,其中治疗组2 例,对照组1 例。结论：加味桂枝甘草龙骨牡蛎汤能有效改善心阳不振型室性早搏患者的症状,减少室性早搏发生次数,值得临床推广和应用。  相似文献   

DO4事件的精确定年及亚旋回特征: 来自福建龙岩仙云洞石笋的证据^*          下载免费PDF全文

车印平  肖海燕  姜修洋  蔡炳贵 《古地理学报》2020,22(2):377-384

DO4事件(Dansgaard-Oeschger event 4,简称DO4事件)是发生在MIS3阶段后期的1次明显升温事件。根据福建仙云洞石笋(编号XYⅢ-28)300~500 mm层段6个高精度²³⁰Th年龄和188个氧同位素数据,获得了29.13~27.94 kyrB.P.时期平均分辨率达7 yr的东亚夏季风强度的演变过程数据。该石笋 δ¹⁸O 记录的DO4事件起止时间为28.83±0.06~28.46±0.06 kyr B.P.,持续时间为0.37±0.06 kyr。相对基于GICC05年层计数时标NGRIP冰芯 δ¹⁸O 记录在DO4开始阶段的突变特征,仙云洞石笋记录的DO4事件开始阶段 δ¹⁸O 值在145±60 yr内偏负0.4‰,表现为相对缓慢的变化特征,这说明仙云洞所处的中国东南沿海地区有可能受到热带低纬海气耦合的影响。此外,仙云洞石笋 δ¹⁸O 记录揭示了在DO4事件内部及附近存在一系列的百年至十年际尺度夏季风增强事件,与格陵兰冰芯 δ¹⁸O 记录、阿拉伯海海盆反照率记录的DO4事件亚旋回结构在定年误差范围内相对应,表明东亚夏季风强度与北高纬温度变化和ITCZ(赤道辐合带)位置移动在百年至十年际尺度上存在紧密的联系。  相似文献   

Formation of mud clast breccias and the process of sedimentary autobrecciation in the hominin-bearing (Homo naledi) Rising Star Cave system,South Africa     

Jelle P. Wiersma  Eric M. Roberts  Paul H. G. M. Dirks 《Sedimentology》2020,67(2):897-919

Unconsolidated mud clast breccia facies in the hominin-bearing (Homo naledi) Rising Star Cave, Cradle of Humankind, South Africa, are interpreted to have formed through a process termed sedimentary autobrecciation in this study. This process, by which most of the angular mud clast breccia deposits are thought to have formed autochthonously to para-autochthonously via a combination of erosion, desiccation, diagenesis and microbial alteration of laminated mud deposits, is thought to have taken place under relatively dry (i.e. non-flooded) conditions inside the cave. Subsequently, gravitational slumping and collapse was the dominant mechanism that produced the mud clast breccia deposits, which commonly accumulate into debris aprons. The mud clast breccia is typically associated with (micro) mammal fossils and is a common facies throughout the cave system, occurring in lithified and unlithified form. This facies has not been described from other cave localities in the Cradle of Humankind. Additionally, sedimentary autobrecciation took place during the deposition of some of the fossils within the Rising Star Cave, including the abundant Homo naledi skeletal remains found in the Dinaledi Subsystem. Reworking of the mud clast breccia deposits occurs in some chambers as they slump towards floor drains, resulting in the repositioning of fossils embedded in the breccias as evidenced by cross-cutting manganese staining lines on some Homo naledi fossil remains. The formation of the unlithified mud clast breccia deposits is a slow process, with first order formation rates estimated to be ca 8 × 10⁻⁴ mm year⁻¹. The slow formation of the unlithified mud clast breccia facies sediments and lack of laminated mud facies within these deposits, indicates that conditions in the Dinaledi Chamber were probably stable and dry for at least the last ca 300 ka, meaning that this study excludes Homo naledi being actively transported by fluvial mechanisms during the time their remains entered the cave.  相似文献   

Morphometry and distribution of isolated caves as a guide for phreatic and confined paleohydrological conditions   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Amos Frumkin  Itay Fischhendler 《Geomorphology》2005,67(3-4):457-471

Isolated caves are a special cave type common in most karst terrains, formed by prolonged slow water flow where aggressivity is locally boosted. The morphometry and distribution of isolated caves are used here to reconstruct the paleohydrology of a karstic mountain range. Within a homogenous karstic rock sequence, two main types of isolated caves are distinguished, and each is associated with a special hydrogeologic setting: maze caves form by rising water in the confined zone of the aquifer, under the Mt. Scopus Group (Israel) confinement, while chamber caves are formed in phreatic conditions, apparently by lateral flow mixing with a vadose input from above.  相似文献   

Paleoflood events recorded by speleothems in caves          下载免费PDF全文

Fernando Gázquez  José María Calaforra  Paolo Forti  Heather Stoll  Bassam Ghaleb  Antonio Delgado‐Huertas 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2014,39(10):1345-1353

Speleothems are usually composed of thin layers of calcite (or aragonite). However, cemented detrital materials interlayered between laminae of speleothemic carbonate have been also observed in many caves. Flowstones comprising discontinuous carbonate layers form due to flowing water films, while flood events introduce fluviokarstic sediments in caves that, on occasion, are recorded as clayey layers inside flowstones and stalagmites. This record provides a potential means of understanding the frequency of palaeofloods using cave records. In this work, we investigate the origin of this type of detrital deposit in El Soplao Cave (Northern Spain). The age of the lowest aragonite layer of a flowstone reveals that the earliest flood period occurred before 500 ka, though most of the flowstone formed between 422 +69/‐43 ka and 400 +66/‐42 ka. This suggests that the cave was periodically affected by palaeoflood events that introduced detrital sediments from the surface as a result of occasional extreme rainfall events, especially at around 400 ka. The mineralogical data enable an evolutionary model for this flowstone to be generated based on the alternation of flood events with laminar flows and carbonate layers precipitation that can be extrapolated to other caves in which detrital sediments inside speleothems have been found. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

川东北楼房洞洞穴环境时空变化与影响因素   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

贺海波  汤静  刘淑华  杨亮  米小建  陈琼  陈琳  黄嘉仪  周厚云 《热带地理》2014,34(5):696-703

基于2011年8月―2012年6月的实地监测数据,文章报道了川东北楼房洞溶洞系统气温、相对湿度（RH）、CO2体积分数、水体电导率（EC）和pH值等为期近1年的监测结果,并对其影响因素进行了分析。结果显示楼房洞洞穴系统环境存在明显的空间变化和季节变化：1）洞穴内的气温变化幅度比洞穴外小,洞穴内夏季气温比冬季高出3~5℃;2）在洞穴内,相对湿度在地下河附近小于在水池附近,显示了地下河对洞穴环境的显著影响;3）洞内监测点SLPB和QCMY处的相对湿度与空气温度出现明显相反的变化趋势,反映主要受气温控制的特点;4）雨季期间SLPB、QCMY和LZLY处的CO2体积分数出现峰值,是较强的生物呼吸作用、“泵”效应和较弱的通风效应等因素综合影响的结果;5）pH值的变化趋势在洞穴内外各监测点一致,原因可能是夏秋季节基岩溶蚀较强所致。6）洞内各监测点的EC值也是夏秋季节高于冬春季节,反映了气候变化导致的化学溶蚀作用可能是影响离子含量的主要因素。  相似文献   

本溪水洞洞穴空气CO2浓度与温、湿度的空间分布和昼夜变化特征   总被引：15，自引：8，他引：7  

蔡炳贵  沈凛梅  郑伟  李克普  白云志  董春志 《中国岩溶》2009,28(4):348-354

洞穴空气CO2浓度是影响洞穴次生化学沉积物沉积和溶蚀的重要因素之一。基于对本溪水洞洞穴空气CO2浓度、温度和湿度连续两个昼夜的系统观测结果,结合洞外大气CO2浓度、温度和湿度数据,初步分析了本溪水洞洞穴空气CO2浓度空间分布特征和昼夜变化规律：（1）洞穴空气CO2浓度自洞口开始快速增高至一定深度后趋于稳定,这个快速升高的距离与不同季节洞穴交换能力有关,秋季大约是370 m。洞穴CO2浓度稳定区的空间差异可能主要与洞穴结构和裂隙发育情况有关,在洞体变小的倚天长剑景点附近出现峰值,而在洞体变大的石瀑布景点和游客无法进入的源头区出现低谷。（2）观测期间,洞穴空气CO2浓度总体上呈递降趋势,基本上与游客数量有关。（3）在洞穴空气CO2浓度急剧上升的近洞口段,洞穴空气CO2浓度每个昼夜出现两个峰值,分别对应正午12时和午夜前后。本溪水洞洞穴空气CO2浓度的这种变化特点,受游客与工作人员的呼吸排放和洞穴与大气间的气体交换作用的双重影响。  相似文献   

辽宁本溪晶花洞碳酸钙沉积物颜色多样性分析     

秦亚  程新民  常建平  李泽峰 《中国岩溶》2011,30(3):354-358

辽宁本溪晶花洞发育于中奥陶统马家沟组(O2m)中厚层白云质灰岩中,洞内碳酸钙沉积物具有白色、黄色、肉红色、浅蓝色和黑褐色等多种原生色彩。在洞穴考察的基础上,通过对围岩和洞穴碳酸钙沉积物X荧光分析以及显微镜薄片鉴定,认为洞穴中白色的次生化学沉积物主要由质纯的CaCO3形成;浅蓝色、黑褐色的形成则多由沉积物含有铜、锶和锰、锌所致;而黄色、红色则为不同环境下铁、锰等变价元素所产生。   相似文献