量子地震模型:对汶川地震的解释     

钟福平 《地学前缘》2010,17(5):142

从大量的地震参数分析可知,在由同一主震引发的所有的余震发生的位置都不同。在发生地震之前,地震的震中位置都是一些相互独立、互不连续且发生了弹性应变的单元个体,笔者称这些独立不连续的弹性应变单元称为应变量子。综合前人研究成果,笔者建立了一个地震模型。运用该模型对2008年5月12日发生在中国汶川地震作了解释:由于在龙门山断裂带周围形成了许多的应变量子,这些应变量子的形成阻碍了龙门山断裂的运动,产生滑移亏损,从而造成在地震前测量到的龙门山断裂带速度场变化很不显著。2008年5月12日14时28分时,在龙门山断裂周围已形成应变量子中的其中一应变量子最先达到它的最大储能,释放它所储存的应变能,引发了汶川Ms8.0地震。此次地震产生的地震波引发了龙门山断裂周围地壳应力的重分布,使得其他应变量子提前达到最大储能,释放出能量,于是触发成千上万次余震。此外,我们或许可以通过观测断裂滑移速率的变化情况来预测断裂周围应变量子的形成,从而来预测该断裂是否存在潜在地震的可能。  相似文献   

龙门山冲断隆升及其走向差异的裂变径迹证据   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

李智武  陈洪德  刘树根  侯明才  邓宾 《地质科学》2010,45(4):944-968

大量的低温年代学研究用来讨论龙门山晚新生代的隆升,但很少涉及其走向差异和中生代隆升。本文分别沿龙门山北、中、南段3条剖面进行了锆石和磷灰石裂变径迹测试,结合已有的热年代学数据,以期揭示整个中-新生代期间龙门山隆升历史及其时空变化。中生代以来,龙门山主要有印支期(约200 Ma)、早白垩世末(约100 Ma)、早新生代(65～30 Ma)以及晚中新世(15～9 Ma)等或快或慢的冷却事件,总体上经历了中生代至早新生代的缓慢冷却和晚新生代快速冷却2个阶段,快速剥露开始于15～9 Ma,剥蚀速率由早期的0.1 mm/a增加到0.15～0.3 mm/a左右,局部可达0.9 mm/a左右。走向上,龙门山北段相对偏小的锆石裂变径迹年龄和相对偏大的磷灰石裂变径迹年龄反映其在中生代较中、南段隆升更快,而裂变径迹年龄总体上从北段向中、南段减小,表明中、南段在新生代发生了更快的隆升。倾向上,多种热年代学数据显示新生代期间在北川断裂和彭灌断裂两侧存在明显的差异剥露,这种差异在中、南段表现比北段更为突出。龙门山晚新生代快速隆升和剥露是青藏高原区域隆升背景上叠加的冲断活动所致,而非下地壳流动驱动。  相似文献   

龙门山南段二叠系热液白云岩特征   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

付于真  王国芝  陈园园  王英军  边岩庆 《云南地质》2011,30(2):229-233

二叠系白云岩与白云质灰岩、灰岩具有渐变过渡关系。白云岩中斑马状构造发育。白云石多为马鞍状白云石或异形白云石,较围岩显示出低碳、低氧和富锶特征,与典型构造热液成因白云岩一致,强度受构造控制明显,从造山带向盆地方向强度逐渐减弱。  相似文献   

紫坪铺水库库区震源波谱参数研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4       下载免费PDF全文

张永久  乔慧珍 《地震工程学报》2011,33(2):117-122

利用紫坪铺水库数字地震台网和成都区域数字台网中的油榨坪台2004年8月到2008年5月12日汶川大地震前的地震波形资料,采用遗传算法反演计算了紫坪铺库区261次1.6级以上地震的震源波谱参数.结果表明紫坪铺库区中小地震的地震矩Mo在1.35×1012～5.98×1014 N·m之间;应力降随着震级的增加而升高;库区小震震源谱拐角频率与地震矩、震级的依赖关系不明确,这可能与紫坪铺水库蓄水后库区压力增加,且水体沿着龙门山断裂方向扩散和渗透有关.  相似文献   

Internal structure of Longmenshan fault zone at Hongkou outcrop,Sichuan,China,that caused the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake   总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5  

Tetsuhiro Togo  Toshihiko Shimamoto 《地震学报(英文版)》2011,(3):249-265

This paper reports the internal structures of the Beichuan fault zone of Longmenshan fault system that caused the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake,at an outcrop in Hongkou,Sichuan province,China.Present work is a part of comprehensive project of Institute of Geology,China Earthquake Administration,trying to understand deformation processes in Longmenshan fault zones and eventually to reproduce Wenchuan earthquake by modeling based on measured mechanical and transport properties.Outcrop studies could be integrate...  相似文献   

汶川8.0级地震前龙门山地区小震活动与固体潮的关系     

李卫平  李昕  卢红艳  冯蔚 《高原地震》2011,23(1):68-70

通过对汶川8.0级地震前,龙门山地区小震活动与月球上中天、下中天时刻对应关系的讨论,得到龙门山小震活动与月球引潮力的低潮对应关系不明显.另外,对龙门山小震与固体潮理论曲线对应的讨论,得到每组小震的头震在接近固体潮曲线的谷底发生,即地震的发生与固体潮的低潮有关.在临近大震前,地震多发生在固体潮曲线的上升部位,即引潮力增长...  相似文献   

龙门山断裂带变形特征     

刘志成  季建清  涂继耀  鄢雪龙  唐俊杰 《地质科学》2013,48(2):515-531

野外构造解析和地震遗址的构造应力分析显示,龙门山断裂带在新生代早期对应于当时的南东-北西主压应力场,发育了北北东向的左旋走滑构造体系,其后才被具有右旋兼具逆冲的龙门山断裂带叠加改造,对应的近东西向构造主压应力场一直延续至今,是区内地震构造的应力场机制。龙门山断裂带河流岩屑磷灰石裂变径迹分析显示,龙门山断裂带在走向上位移量有显著的差别,呈现正态分布的整体趋势。依照龙门山隆起剥蚀单调冷却的热史特征,判定前述两期变形的转换时限是40 Ma前后。结合龙门山断裂带地层厚度和变形时的深度模型,认为现今龙门山断裂带是一个宽达数十千米的大型走滑断裂带,剖面上呈现花状构造特征。近地表的逆冲构造是薄皮构造,并由此建立了龙门山断裂带走滑变形的深度变形样式模型。  相似文献   

Characteristics of Late-Quaternary Activity and Seismic Risk of the Northeastern Section of the Longmenshan Fault Zone   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

WANG Mingming  ZHOU Bengang  YANG Xiaoping  XIE Chao  GAO Xianglin 《《地质学报》英文版》2013,87(6):1674-1689

Following the 2008 Wenchuan M8 earthquake,the seismic risk of the northeastern section of the Longmenshan fault zone and the adjacent Hanzhong basin has become an issue that receives much concern.It is facing,however,the problem of a lack of sufficient data because of little previous work in these regions.The northeastern section of the Longmenshan fault zone includes three major faults：the Qingchuan fault,Chaba-Lin＇ansi fault,and Liangshan south margin fault,with the Hanzhong basin at the northern end.This paper presents investigations of the geometry,motion nature,and activity ages of these three faults,and reveals that they are strike slip with normal faulting,with latest activity in the Late Pleistocene.It implies that this section of the Longmenshan fault zone has been in an extensional setting,probably associated with the influence of the Hanzhong basin.Through analysis of the tectonic relationship between the Longmenshan fault zone and the Hanzhong basin,this work verifies that the Qingchuan fault played an important role in the evolution of the Hanzhong basin,and further studies the evolution model of this basin.Finally,with consideration of the tectonic setting of the Longmenshan fault zone and the Hanzhong basin as well as seismicity of surrounding areas,this work suggests that this region has no tectonic conditions for great earthquakes and only potential strong events in the future.  相似文献   

Deep Electric Structure Beneath the Intersection area of Western Qingling Orogenic zone with North-South Seismic Tectonic Zone in China     

ZHAN Yan  ZHAO Guoze  WANG Lifeng  WANG Jijun  CHEN Xiaobin  ZHAO Lingqiang 《《地质学报》英文版》2013,87(Z1):425-426

  相似文献   

Seismogenic Structure of the April 20, 2013, Lushan Ms7 Earthquake in Sichuan   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

ZHANG Yueqiao  DONG Shuwen  HOU Chuntang  SHI Jusong  WU Zhonghai  LI Hailong  SUN Ping  LIU Gang  LI Jian 《《地质学报》英文版》2013,87(3):633-645

At 08:02 on April 20, 2013, a Ms7.0 earthquake occurred in Lushan, Ya'an, in the Longmenshan fault zone, Sichuan. The epicenter was located between Taiping Town and Shuangshi Town, Lushan County and the maximum earthquake intensity at the epicenter reached class IX. Field investigations in the epicenter area found that, although buildings were seriously damaged, no obvious surface rupture structure was produced, only some ground fissures and sand blows and water ejection phenomena being seen. An integrated analysis of high-resolution remote sensing image interpretation, mainshock and aftershock distribution, and focal mechanism solutions indicated that this earthquake was an independent rupturing event in the southwestern segment of the Longmenshan fault zone, belonging to the thrust-type earthquake. Ruptures occurred along the south-central segment of the Shuangshi-Dachuan fault and the principal rupture plane dipped SW at 33-43°. It is inferred that the Lushan earthquake might be related to the ramp activity of the basal detachment zone (13-19 km) of the Longmenshan fault zone. Historically, there occurred at least two Ms6-6.5 earthquakes along the Shuangshi-Dachuan fault zone; thus it is thought that the Lushan earthquake, different from the Wenchuan earthquake, was a characteristic one in the southwestern segment of the Longmenshan fault zone. In-situ stress measurements indicated the Lushan earthquake was the result of stress release of the southwestern segment of the Longmenshan fault zone after the Wenchuan earthquake. This paper analyzes the tectonic setting of the seismogenic structure of this earthquake.  相似文献