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141.
一种新的、快速的碳、氮、硫同位素测定手段──EA-IRMS连线分析技术 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
储雪蕾 《矿物岩石地球化学通报》1996,(4)
一种新的、快速的碳、氮、硫同位素测定手段──EA-IRMS连线分析技术储雪蕾(中国科学院地质研究所,北京100029)关键词元素分析仪-同位素比值质谱仪,连线分析碳,氮,硫同位素碳、氮、硫三种元素的稳定同位素在地学、生态学、环境科学等领域受到了重视,... 相似文献
142.
四川呷村黑矿型矿床硅质岩的硅、氧同位素组成及其与现代海底硅质烟囱比较研究 总被引:14,自引:0,他引:14
本文首次报道了川西呷村黑矿型矿床硅质岩的硅、氧同位素组成,其δ~(18)O为12.8‰-18.3‰纵,形成温度约99-120℃,δ~(30)Si为0.0‰-1.5‰,与Mariana和GalaPagos热液硅质烟囱的δ~(30)Si值范围基本相当,揭示两者具相似的形成机制。硅质岩和硅质烟囱δ~(30)Si最大值与相伴火山岩δ~(30)Si值一致,反映硅质来自被热液淋滤交代的火山岩系。根据SiO_2溶解度-温度关系提出,来自海底之下1-2km处的水-岩反应带、温度高于320℃的初始流体,通过绝热上升或传导冷 相似文献
143.
Greg B. Arehart 《Ore Geology Reviews》1996,11(6):383-403
Sediment-hosted disseminated gold (SHDG) deposits comprise a major portion of the gold production and reserves in the US. Although presently known to be common only in western North America, SHDG deposits are a significant source of world gold production. These deposits are characterized by extremely fine-grained disseminated gold, hosted primarily by arsenian pyrite. Other metals show very little enrichment although in addition to As, anomalous concentrations of elements such as Sb, Hg, Tl and Ba are utilized as exploration tools. The host rocks are dominantly silty carbonates, but ore concentrations are also present in siliceous and silicified rocks as well as intrusive rocks. Alteration consists of decarbonatization, silicification (jasperoid formation) and argillization, which are arranged both spatially and temporally in that order. Argillic alteration is zoned from kaolinite-dominated cores to sericite-dominated margins. The deposits commonly exhibit significant structural (faults) and stratigraphic (composition/permeability) controls. Until the last few years, SHDG deposits were considered as near-surface, epithermal type deposits in origin. Because of their fine-grained nature and the lack of macroscopic features such as veins, it has proven quite difficult to extract geochemical data that are clearly related to their genesis. However, fluid inclusion data indicate pressures corresponding to depths of 2–4 km under lithostatic conditions. Temperatures are constrained by fluid inclusions and phase equilibria to near 225°C. Stable isotope data from alteration minerals and fluid inclusions indicate that the ore fluids were dominated by meteoric waters, some of which had clearly exchanged oxygen with wallrocks during their passage through the crust. Although the data vary, most ore fluids probably had δD values near −150‰ and δ18O values ranging from −10 to +5‰. Sulfur isotope values reported from SHDG deposits span a wide range, from −30 to +20‰ (sulfides) and 0 to >45‰ (sulfates). Ore-related sulfides (pyrite, realgar) fall at the upper end of the range reported for sulfides. The alteration and mineral assemblage indicate the ore fluids were probably near neutral and gold was likely carried as a bisulfide complex. The depositional mechanism(s) probably included mixing, cooling and oxidation. These mechanisms are consistent with the observed alteration features, i.e. quartz precipitation, calcite dissolution and sericite-kaolinite coexistence. It also explains the presence of both siliceous ores containing native Au and sulfide ores containing Au in pyrite. The extreme variations in sulfur isotopes as seen at Post and fluid inclusion data from Carlin may be indicative of some phase separation (‘boiling’), but such relations have not been documented in other deposits and the importance of phase separation to gold deposition appears minimal. 相似文献
144.
A. Bollhöfer A. Eisenhauer N. Frank D. Pech A. Mangini 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》1996,85(3):577-585
Thorium- and uranium isotopes were measured in a diagenetic manganese nodule from the Peru basin applying alpha- and thermal
ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS). Alpha-counting of 62 samples was carried out with a depth resolution of 0.4 mm to gain
a high-resolution230Thexcess profile. In addition, 17 samples were measured with TIMS to obtain precise isotope concentrations and isotope ratios. We
got values of 0.06–0.59 ppb (230Th), 0.43–1.40 ppm (232Th), 0.09–0.49 ppb (234U) and 1.66–8.24 ppm (238U). The uranium activity ratio in the uppermost samples (1–6 mm) and in two further sections in the nodule at 12.5±1.0 mm
and 27.3–33.5 mm comes close to the present ocean water value of 1.144±0.004. In two other sections of the nodule, this ratio
is significantly higher, probably reflecting incorporation of diagenetic uranium. The upper 25 mm section of the Mn nodule
shows a relatively smooth exponential decrease in the230Thexcess concentration (TIMS). The slope of the best fit yields a growth rate of 110 mm/Ma up to 24.5 mm depth. The section from 25
to 30.3 mm depth shows constant230Thexcess concentrations probably due to growth rates even faster than those in the top section of the nodule. From 33 to 50 mm depth,
the growth rate is approximately 60 mm/Ma. Two layers in the nodule with distinct laminations (11–15 and 28–33 mm depth) probably
formed during the transition from isotopic stage 8 to 7 and in stage 5e, respectively. The Mn/Fe ratio shows higher values
during interglacials 5 and 7, and lower ones during glacials 4 and 6. A comparison of our data with data from adjacent sediment
cores suggests (a) a variable supply of hydrothermal Mn to sediments and Mn nodules of the Peru basin or (b) suboxic conditions
at the water sediment interface during periods with lower Mn/Fe ratios. 相似文献
145.
Chr Samtleben A. Munnecke T. Bickert J. Pätzold 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》1996,85(2):278-292
The Silurian of Gotland, Sweden, consists of 440 m of carbonate deposits. Repeatedly, uniform sequences of micritic limestones
and marls are interrupted by complex-structured reefs and by adjacent platform sediments. Generally, the alteration of facies
is interpreted as the result of sea-level fluctuations caused by a gradual regression with superimposed minor transgressive
pulses. The purpose of this study is a facies interpretation based on both field observations and stable isotope measurements
of brachiopod shells. Approximately 700 samples from stratigraphically arranged localities in different facies areas have
been investigated. The carbon and oxygen isotopes show principally parallel curves and a close relationship to the stratigraphic
sequence. Lower values occur in periods dominated by deposition of marly sequences. Higher values are observed in periods
dominated by reefs and extended carbonate platforms. The oxygen isotope ratios are interpreted to reflect paleosalinity changes
due to varying freshwater input, rather than to paleotemperature. Carbon isotope ratios are believed to have been connected
to global changes in the burial of organic carbon in black shales during periods of euxinic deep water conditions. Consequently,
the facies succession on Gotland results from global paleoclimatic conditions. Changes in terrigenous input due to different
rates of weathering and freshwater runoff, rather than sea-level fluctuations, control the carbonate formation of the Silurian
on Gotland. 相似文献
146.
147.
148.
南极乔治王岛中——新生代岩浆岩Sr—Nd—Pb同位素组成及源区特征 总被引:7,自引:1,他引:7
对乔治王岛11个火山岩和2个侵入岩样品做了Sr-Nd-Pb同位素分析,其中(87Sr/86Sr)i=0.70326~0.70392,εNd=3.02~6.72,206Pb/204Pb=17.776~18.515,207Pb/204Pb=15..506~15.571,208Pb/204Pb=37.868~38.308。根据以上同位素组成及其相互关系并结合岩石学和微量元素特征及火山岩中熔融包裹体成分,得出以下结论:(1)研究的乔治王岛岩浆岩起源于亏损地幔(DMM)和地幔流体交代成因的富集地幔EMI混合形成的源区;(2)该源区具有广义Dupal异常,它正是由于EMI组份加入即通过流体交代作用而产生的;(3)流体主要是俯冲深海沉积物脱碳酸盐作用而释放出的富CO2流体。 相似文献
149.
东川铜矿床同位素地球化学研究:I.地层年代与铅同位素化探应用 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
采用Pb-Pb等时线法测定了昆阳群中亚群落雪组白云岩、黑山组碳质板岩和上亚群大营盘组碳质板岩样品,获得了(1716±56)Ma、(1607±128)Ma和(1258±70)Ma的年龄,确定了昆阳群中亚群时代约为1600—1800Ma,属晚古元古代,上亚群大营盘组约为1200—1300Ma,属中元古代。还应用铅同位素化探技术系统研究了汤丹铜矿1号硐中段西14穿脉岩石-矿石的铅同位素组成,结果表明铅同位素V1值与铜含量呈反相关系。这是运用系统剖面方法开展铅同位素化探的首次尝试。 相似文献
150.
中国东部寒武系与奥陶系界线地层的碳氧同位素研究 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
对我国东部不同地层区一些代表性的寒武系-奥陶系界线层位开展了碳?氧同位素研究?结果表明,由于沉积环境差异和成岩蚀变影响,界线层位的δ18O值变化较大,规律性不明显,δ13C值变化虽小,但在界线处均发生不同程度漂移?漂移的层位与寒武纪-奥陶纪主要生物群面貌变化的界线相一致?综合各方面资料分析,笔者认为,碳同位素组成的漂移很可能由晚寒武世到早奥陶世时期内海平面的升降所引起. 相似文献