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11.
12.
S. I. Mayr H. Burkhardt Yu. Popov A. Wittmann 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》2008,97(2):385-399
Internal surface, formation factor, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)-T2 relaxation times and pore radius distributions were
measured on representative core samples for the estimation of hydraulic permeability. Permeability is estimated using various
versions of the classic Kozeny–Carman-equation (K–C) and a further development of K–C, the fractal PaRiS-model, taking into
account the internal surface. In addition to grain and pore size distribution, directly connected to permeability, internal
surface reflects the internal structure (“micro morphology”). Lithologies could be grouped with respect to differences in
internal surface. Most melt rich impact breccia lithologies exhibit large internal surfaces, while Tertiary post-impact sediments
and Cretaceous lithologies in displaced megablocks display smaller internal surfaces. Investigations with scanning electron
microscopy confirm the correlation between internal surface and micro morphology. In addition to different versions of K–C,
estimations by means of NMR, pore radius distributions and some gas permeability measurements serve for cross-checking and
calibration. In general, the different estimations from the independent methods and the measurements are in satisfactory accordance.
For Tertiary limestones and Suevites bulk with very high porosities (up to 35%) permeabilites between 10−14 and 10−16 m2 are found, whereas in lower Suevite, Cretaceous anhydrites and dolomites, bulk permeabilites are between 10−15 and 10−23 m2. 相似文献
13.
On the use of gravity and magnetic anomalies for locating probable areas of metallic mineralization in South Sinai, Egypt 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The present study deals with processing and interpreting the potential gravity and magnetic data in order to locate promising
sites for metallic mineral occurrences in the basement rocks of South Sinai. Two promising sites were anticipated by combining
the geophysical results and the available geological information. Each site was profiled and interpreted to the nearly approximated
subsurface feature model, and the geometrical parameters of the expected subsurface structures may form mineralized bodies
such as depth, thickness, width, dipping, density contrast, and magnetic susceptibility contrast could be delineated. Detailed
ground Very Low Frequency (VLF) and Vertical Magnetic Gradient (VMG) methods were carried out in the site A2, eight VLF and
VMG anomalies were determined, and their depths were calculated. 相似文献
14.
Besides granites of the ilmenite series, in which the anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) is mainly controlled by paramagnetic minerals, the AMS of igneous rocks is commonly interpreted as the result of the shape-preferred orientation of unequant ferromagnetic grains. In a few instances, the anisotropy due to the distribution of ferromagnetic grains, irrespective of their shape, has also been proposed as an important AMS source. Former analytical models that consider infinite geometry of identical and uniformly magnetized and coaxial particles confirm that shape fabric may be overcome by dipolar contributions if neighboring grains are close enough to each other to magnetically interact. On these bases we present and experimentally validate a two-grain macroscopic numerical model in which each grain carries its own magnetic anisotropy, volume, orientation and location in space. Compared with analytical predictions and available experiments, our results allow to list and quantify the factors that affect the effects of magnetic interactions. In particular, we discuss the effects of (i) the infinite geometry used in the analytical models, (ii) the intrinsic shape anisotropy of the grains, (iii) the relative orientation in space of the grains, and (iv) the spatial distribution of grains with a particular focus on the inter-grain distance distribution. Using documented case studies, these findings are summarized and discussed in the framework of the generalized total AMS tensor recently introduced by Cañon-Tapia (Cañon-Tapia, E., 2001. Factors affecting the relative importance of shape and distribution anisotropy in rocks: theory and experiments. Tectonophysics, 340, 117–131.). The most important result of our work is that analytical models far overestimate the role of magnetic interaction in rock fabric quantification. Considering natural rocks as an assemblage of interacting and non-interacting grains, and that the effects of interaction are reduced by (i) the finite geometry of the interacting clusters, (ii) the relative orientation between interacting grains, (iii) their heterogeneity in orientation, shape and bulk susceptibility, and (iv) their inter-distance distribution, we reconcile analytical models and experiments with real case studies that minimize the role of magnetic interaction onto the measured AMS. Limitations of our results are discussed and guidelines are provided for the use of AMS in geological interpretation of igneous rock fabrics where magnetic interactions are likely to occur. 相似文献
15.
Chemical methods are generally chosen to monitor soil pollution but magnetic measurements proved to yield additional information at low cost and less time consumption. In this investigation, the novel use of rapid and non-destructive magnetic measurements to characterize Br levels in Xuzhou (China) urban roadside soils was reported. X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF) was used to quantify Br in the soil samples. Data from 21 roadside soil samples confirm Br contamination, with a mean level of 4.36 mg kg−1 and a range of 2.4–8.7 mg kg−1. These values are higher than that of unpolluted soils in Xuzhou that averages 1.1 mg kg−1. Hierarchical clustering analysis shows Br in Xuzhou roadside soils is mainly from road traffic. Clear correlations between Br levels and simple magnetic parameters [mass specific susceptibility (χ
LF), susceptibility of anhysteretic remanent magnetization (χ
ARM), saturation isothermal remanence (SIRM)] are observed. The present study shows that these three magnetic parameters can be used as a proxy for Br levels in Xuzhou urban roadside soils. 相似文献
16.
G. M. da Costa E. Van San E. De Grave R. E. Vandenberghe V. Barrón L. Datas 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》2002,29(2):122-131
A novel method for synthesis of aluminium hematites, based upon the homogeneous precipitation of Fe and Al oxinates in various proportions, is presented. The precursor precipitates are heated in air at 700?°C. X-ray diffraction, thermal analyses, BET, FTIR, optical reflection analysis, TEM and Mössbauer spectroscopy at room temperature and 80?K of the resulting products indicate that single-phase hematites are formed with structural Al substitution of up to 10 at%. Interestingly, the particle size (>100?nm) is not substantially reduced by the Al content. Although it remains difficult to obtain a homogeneously distributed Al substitution in the final hematite, this processing line offers a unique opportunity to separate the effects of grain size and Al substitution on the Morin transition temperature (T M) of Al hematite. From the comparison between the present hematites and a series of Al-substituted hematites with lepidocrocite as precursor, it could be shown that the effect on T M, associated with a change of a factor 10 in grain size, is about 1/3 of the effect caused by a change of 10 in the degree of substitution. Finally, it is suggested that proper thermal treatments under different conditions of the same precursors are likely to produce spinel phases. 相似文献
17.
18.
本文针对数字影像设备(如CT、MRI等)日益突出的图像存储和管理问题,进行深入的分析和研究。鉴于不同厂家和时期设备配置不同,提出了4种切实可行的解决方案:胶片扫描,视频采集,光盘或MOD输入,DICOM接口连接,完全解决了图像长期大量存储的问题。同时具有网络联机查询,图文报告,电子病历管理,激光相机接口等丰富的增值功能,是数字化医院的理想选择。 相似文献
19.
利用172-182年IMP-8飞船的太阳风观测资料和相应地磁活动性指数Dst和AE,研究了43个南向行星际磁场事件期间太阳风和磁层的耦合问题. 与这43个事件对应的地磁暴是中等的和强的磁暴(Dst<-50nT). 结果表明:(1) 在43个事件中有11个(约占25.6髎)紧随激波之后,18个处于激波下游流场中(占42髎),其余14个(占33髎)和激波没有关连. 绝大多数事件都伴有太阳风动压和总磁场强度的增加;(2) 当行星际晨昏向电场强度EI>-4mV/m时,只引起磁亚暴,对Dst指数没有明显影响. 仅当EI<-5mV/m时,磁亚暴和磁暴才会同时出现;(3) 太阳风动压的增加会增强能量向环电流的输入,但不是密度和速度单独起作用,而是以PK=ρV2的组合形式影响能量的输入;(4) 虽然行星际磁场(IMF)南向分量BZ对太阳风和磁层的耦合起着关键作用,但IMF的BX和BY分量相对于BZ的大小对太阳风向磁层的能量传输也有一定影响. 当BX、BY相对BZ较大时能量耦合加强. 相似文献
20.
Anne Pelletier Denis Gapais René-Pierre Ménot Jean-Jacques Peucat 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2002,334(7):505-511
The Palaeoproterozoic units of Terre Adélie show two types of structural domains associated with HT–LP metamorphic conditions: domes and NS–N340° striking vertical shear zones. Shear zones reflect dextral transpressive motions. Domes reflect sub-vertical shortening and principal stretching subparallel to shear zones. They could partly result from longitudinal flow coeval with transpression. Deformations are comparable to those described along the eastern and western boundaries of the Archean Gawler Craton (South-East Australia), which underlines the continuity between these two areas before opening of the Austral Ocean. To cite this article: A. Pelletier et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 505–511. 相似文献