近岸水下扇扇中厚砂体储层构型及对剩余油控制——以南襄盆地泌阳凹陷古近系核桃园组三段四砂组2小层为例     

尹艳树  刘元 《地质论评》2017,63(3):703-718

南襄盆地泌阳凹陷赵凹油田安棚主体区古近系核桃园组三段四砂组2小层(H3_IV2)为厚层近岸水下扇扇中砂体沉积,不同期次沟道砂体相互切割叠置,形成复杂的空间结构样式,极大影响了油田开发。亟需开展厚层砂体内部结构解剖,揭示不同期次沟道砂体分布,明确其结构样式对油水运动影响及剩余油分布控制。本文以储层构型要素分析法为指导,综合利用岩芯、测井、生产动态资料,对近岸水下扇扇中厚砂体构型进行了精细刻画。通过研究明确了研究层段构型界面6级级次划分方案,建立了复合辫状沟道内部单砂体边界的垂向和侧向识别标志,其中垂向边界识别标志有泥质类岩性界面和底冲刷界面2种,侧向边界的识别标志包括不同单砂体的顶面高程差异、厚度差异、测井曲线形态差异等5种;在单砂体识别的基础上开展了目的层厚砂体井间构型分布规律研究,将复合辫状沟道砂体解剖为单一期次辫状沟道砂体,明确了各单期辫状沟道砂体的展布特征,并统计分析了辫状沟道单砂体构型单元的特征参数;通过上述研究总结了研究区单砂体构型单元接触样式,主要包括孤立式、叠加式、叠切式3种垂向接触样式和分离式、对接式、侧切式3种平面接触样式;分析了单砂体对剩余油的控制作用,研究发现4级构型单元内部韵律性以及构型单元之间接触样式对油水运动有重要影响,是造成剩余油富集的两个重要因素。  相似文献   

东濮凹陷北部盐湖相原油特征与成因     

张洪安  李素梅  徐田武  庞雄奇 《现代地质》2017,31(4):768

东濮凹陷盐湖相油气成因与成藏机理研究薄弱。采用色谱/质谱(GC/MS)等常规技术,结合傅立叶变换离子回旋共振质谱、单体烃碳同位素技术,对东濮凹陷北部文明寨、卫城地区油气特征及其成因进行了解剖。结果表明,该区原油具有植烷对姥鲛烷优势显著、伽马蜡烷富集、升藿烷“翘尾”、甾烷异构化程度较低等咸水、盐湖相原油的典型特征。原油还具有正构烷烃单体烃碳同位素呈低碳重、高碳轻、近两段式分布的特征,与柴达木盐湖相原油有所差异。原油中检测到丰富的S1、S2、O1S1、N1、O1、O2、O3等芳构化程度较低的NSO化合物,其与该区低熟油的形成关系密切。油-油、油-岩详细对比表明,东濮凹陷北部原油主要来自埋深超过3 000 m的沙三—沙四段烃源岩、存在不同成熟度原油混合聚集现象。研究结果对该区进一步油气勘探具有重要指示意义。  相似文献   

The impact of organic fluids on the carbon isotopic compositions of carbonate-rich reservoirs: Case study of the Lucaogou Formation in the Jimusaer Sag,Junggar Basin,NW China     

《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2017

The processes involved in the interaction between organic fluids and carbonates, and the resulting effect on reservoir quality during the evolution and maturation of organic matter remain unclear despite the fact that these processes influence the carbon and oxygen isotopic compositions of carbonates. Here, we provide new insights into these processes using data obtained from a detailed analysis of a mixed dolomitic–clastic and organic-rich sedimentary sequence within the middle Permian Lucaogou Formation in the Junggar Basin of NW China. The techniques used during this study include drillcore observations, thin section petrography, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electron probe microanalysis, and carbon and oxygen isotope analyses. Oil grades and total organic carbon (TOC) contents represent the amount of oil charging and the abundance of organic fluids within a reservoir, respectively, and both negatively correlate with the whole-rock δ¹³C and δ¹⁸O of the carbonates in the study area, indicating that organic fluids have affected the reservoir rocks. Secondary carbonates, including sparry calcite and dolomite overgrowths and cements, are common within the Lucaogou Formation. Well-developed sparry calcite is present within dark mudstone whereas the other two forms of secondary carbonates are present within the dolomite-rich reservoir rocks in this formation. Comparing thin section petrology with δ¹³C compositions suggests that the carbon isotopic composition of matrix carbonates varies little over small distances within a given horizon but varies significantly with stratigraphic height as a result of the development of secondary carbonates. The net change in whole-rock δ¹³C as a result of these secondary carbonates ranges from 1.8‰ to 4.6‰, with the secondary carbonates having calculated δ¹³C compositions from −18.6‰ to −8.5‰ that are indicative of an organic origin. The positive correlation between the concentration of Fe within matrix and secondary carbonates within one of the samples suggests that the diagenetic system within the Lucaogou Formation was relatively closed. The correlation between δ¹³C and δ¹⁸O in carbonates is commonly thought to be strengthened by the influence of meteoric water as well as organic fluids. However, good initial correlation between δ¹³C and δ¹⁸O of whole rock carbonates within the Lucaogou Formation (resulted from the evaporitic sedimentary environment) was reduced by organic fluids to some extent. Consequently, the δ¹³C–δ¹⁸O covariations within these sediments are not always reliable indicators of diagenetic alteration by organic fluids or meteoric water.The characteristics and δ¹³C compositions of the sparry calcite within the formation is indicative of a genetic relationship with organic acids as a result of the addition of organic CO₂ to the reservoir. Further analysis suggests that both carbonate and feldspar were dissolved by interaction with organic CO₂. However, dissolved carbonate reprecipitated as secondary carbonates, meaning that the interaction between organic fluids and dolomites did not directly improve reservoir quality, although this process did enhance the dissolution of feldspar and increase porosity. This indicates that the δ¹³C and δ¹⁸O of secondary carbonates and their influence on whole-rock carbonate isotopic values can be used to geochemically identify the effect of organic fluids on closed carbonate-rich reservoir systems.  相似文献   

Characteristics and controlling factors of reservoir space of mudstone and shale in Es3x in the Zhanhua Sag     

《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2017

Zhanhua Sag is a widely accepted target zone with huge exploration and development potential for shale oil and shale gas resources. Many detailed studies have been undertaken around the geochemistry of the lower section of the third member of the Shahejie Formation (Es3x), while few studies have focused on the reservoir. In this study, based on the mineralogical features and geochemical characteristics, and by using statistical methods, the characteristics and controlling factors of reservoir space of mudstone and shale in Es3x in the Zhanhua Sag are explored through field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), high pressure mercury injection capillary pressure (MICP), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques. Three major findings were obtained. ① There are micropores and microfractures in the reservoir space, which include intergranular pores, clay intercrystal pores, pyrite intercrystal pores, dissolved pores, structural microfractures, and bedding microfractures. ② According to the features of pore size distribution (PSD), the pore distribution can be divided into the following three categories: 0–50 nm, 50 nm–2 μm, and >2 μm; the average volumes of these components are 0.01079 mL g⁻¹, 0.00361 mL g⁻¹, and 0.00355 mL g⁻¹, respectively, thus showing that the pores whose radii are distributed at 0–50 nm form the most important reservoir space (though those with the 50 nm–2 μm and >2 μm radii are also important and cannot be ignored). ③ There are different controlling factors when it comes to different scale pores. Based on statistics and FE-SEM results, the dissolved pores in calcite were determined to be the controlling factor for the 0–50 nm portion, the intercrystalline pores in clay and pyrite, and intergranular pores between authigenic minerals (calcite, dolomite, and pyrite) and clastic minerals (calcite and dolomite) were determined to be the controlling factors for the 50 nm–2 μm portion, and the structural microfractures and bedding microfractures were determined to be the main factors for the >2 μm portion. Furthermore, it is the brittle minerals content and bedded structure that control the microfractures. This study thus clarifies the types and characteristics of reservoir space and identifies pore structure controlling factors of mudstone and shale in Es3x in the Zhanhua Sag; this information has important significance for future reservoir evaluations.  相似文献   

东海陆架盆地西湖凹陷岩石圈热流变性质     

周海廷  姜效典  李德勇  邢军辉  宫伟 《大地构造与成矿学》2017,41(3):481-490

为了探讨东海陆架盆地西湖凹陷岩石圈热流变性质,本文以实测地温数据为依据,模拟西湖凹陷岩石圈热结构,在此基础上,应用流变学原理模拟确定西湖凹陷岩石圈流变性质。结果表明,西湖凹陷岩石圈为一个冷地壳-热地幔、强地壳-弱地幔的"奶油蛋糕"型岩石圈。西湖凹陷平均地表热流密度为71 m W/m~2,地幔热流密度为40~65 m W/m~2,对地表热流密度的贡献度达73%~79%,地表热流受地幔热流控制,莫霍面温度在700℃左右,热岩石圈平均厚度为66 km。西湖凹陷岩石圈流变分层明显,上、中地壳基本为脆性层,下地壳和岩石圈上地幔为韧性层,岩石圈总流变强度平均约为2.65′10~(12) N/m,其中地壳流变强度为2.12′10~(12) N/m,地幔流变强度为5.29′10~(11) N/m,有效弹性厚度为11.7~14.5 km,地壳的流变性质控制了岩石圈的流变行为。此外,西湖凹陷岩石圈总强度较低,在构造应力作用下易于变形,且存在壳幔解耦现象。西湖凹陷岩石圈热状态及流变性质决定了西湖凹陷东部地区主要以浅部地壳的断层滑动和地层破裂来调节深部的构造应力。  相似文献   

莱南斜坡带沙四段—沙三下亚段原型盆地恢复及其对沉积的控制     

王启明  黄晓波  周晓光  刘睿  李晓辉 《地质力学学报》2018,24(3):371-380

莱州湾凹陷南部斜坡带后期经历多次大规模构造运动改造,导致原始盆地面貌不清,沉积体系分布不明确。以构造演化分析为主线,通过地震解释、声波时差法和趋势厚度法相结合,对沙河街组早期沙四段-沙三下亚段沉积时期的原型盆地面貌及其配置关系进行了恢复,并明确了不同沉积体系的平面分布及控制因素。研究表明:（1）沙四沉积时期,莱南斜坡带整体受断裂伸展活动引起的块体差异升降,西部受两组东西向断层分割形成3个东西向展布的断槽,东部及南部为潍北凸起的隆起区,早期断层分割东西古地貌变化;（2）沙三下沉积时期,整体快速沉降,西部受东西向断裂差异抬升,形成局部高地,潍北凸起东部一部分后期逐渐淹没于水下,形成宽缓台地背景;（3）不同物源体系供给控制了沙四段扇三角洲与辫状河三角洲差异分布,古地貌与物源差异供给共同控制了沙三下亚段湖相碳酸盐岩与风化残积相的发育与垂向分布。沉积体系的发育和分布对于盆地原型面貌具有重要的响应关系。   相似文献   

海拉尔盆地贝尔凹陷下白垩统南屯组储集层特征   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

李树青  汪利 《古地理学报》2009,11(2):241-249

海拉尔盆地是大庆油田较大的含油气盆地之一,贝尔凹陷是盆地内最大的凹陷,属于海拉尔盆地贝尔湖坳陷的二级构造单元,同时也是该盆地最有潜力的勘探地区。其主要储集层为下白垩统南屯组、铜钵庙组砂岩、凝灰质砂砾岩和凝灰岩及基岩风化壳。其中南屯组储集层主要岩石类型包括火山碎屑岩、陆源碎屑岩及少量的火山岩,其储集层主要储集空间类型为粒间孔隙、粒内孔隙、填隙物孔隙、裂缝和溶蚀孔隙。其孔隙结构较差,喉道半径小,分布不集中,分选不好。受沉积相带、埋深压实作用以及次生孔隙的影响,贝尔凹陷储集层物性总体以中低孔、低渗为特征,储集层主要分布于贝西次凹、贝西单斜带、霍多莫尔断鼻带和苏仁诺尔以及苏德尔特断裂带。  相似文献   

黄骅坳陷歧南凹陷古近系沙河街组储集层物性影响因素分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

刘正华  杨香华  陈红汉  韦阿娟  郝利华 《古地理学报》2009,11(4):435

黄骅坳陷歧南凹陷是个活跃的生烃凹陷, 古近系沙河街组发育良好的储集砂体,具有一定的勘探潜力。通过岩石铸体薄片、扫描电镜、阴极发光和X衍射等技术,对研究区储集层岩石组分和储集层孔隙类型进行了识别鉴定。发现次生孔隙在不同构造单元分布不同。西部羊三木-扣村-仙庄缓坡带次生孔隙主要分布于3个带：①1650～1800 m,②2300～2600 m,③2880～2920 m。埕北断阶带次生孔隙分布于2200～2800 m。凹陷中心带次生孔隙分布在2900～3500 m。研究区以岩屑砂岩和长石岩屑砂岩为主,成分成熟度和结构成熟度低,具备次生孔隙发育的物质基础。沉积环境对储集层物性有一定的影响。在同等埋深的几类碎屑沉积砂体中,湖岸滩坝的储集物性最好,重力流主水道和近岸水下扇扇中水道相对较好,近岸水下扇间湾、扇端沉积以及重力流水道侧翼和末梢沉积较差。次生孔隙形成的主要机理为：①黏土包膜的发育有利于次生孔隙的发育。②有机质向烃类转换中形成的有机酸以及黏土矿物蒙脱石向伊利石转换过程中形成的酸性溶液,对长石和岩屑颗粒产生溶蚀,有利于次生孔隙的发育。③进入砂岩储集层中的孔隙水的活跃性影响次生孔隙的发育。④油气充注过程中溶解作用大于胶结作用,油气充注末期次生孔隙发育。⑤断层和不整合附近由于大气淡水中溶有大量CO2,进入储集层易形成碳酸,易于溶蚀长石等矿物,有利于次生孔隙发育。   相似文献   

济阳坳陷沾化凹陷古近系水化学场对湖盆演化的响应及其油气意义^*          下载免费PDF全文

陈中红  王黎  杨勇  查明 《古地理学报》2009,11(5):551-560

通过对沾化凹陷古近系1160条数据体的试油资料、原油物性资料的分析,对沾化凹陷古近系沙河街组四段到东营组的水化学场特征进行了研究,结果表明：沾化凹陷古近系水化学场分布特征与湖盆演化的旋回性有良好对应关系,从湖盆的断陷初期阶段到断陷鼎盛阶段（沙河街组四段到三段）,湖盆水体加深及淡化,矿化度及氯离子含量平均值逐渐下降;而在湖盆的总体萎缩阶段（从沙河街组二段到东营组沉积期）,水体总体变浅,矿化度及氯离子含量平均值总体增大。在各阶段,地层水类型均以NaHCO₃型占绝对优势（比例达到80％）,显示了典型的开放型湖盆的地层水场特征。NaHCO₃型地层水主要分布于地层水矿化度较低（<15 g/L）的地层中,指示了水交替活动强烈的开放水文环境,对油气保存不利;而相对较高矿化度（≥15 g/L）的NaHCO₃型地层水主要分布于生烃洼陷（渤南洼陷等）内部及义东断裂构造带附近,其成因主要与油气田形成和高含量的、以深部幔源为主的CO₂气及断裂沟通有关,其对应的原油密度基本小于0.9 g/mL,指示了相对有利的油气保存环境。  相似文献   

辽河断陷西部凹陷沙三段沉积相及相模式   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

张震  鲍志东  童亨茂  王勇 《高校地质学报》2009,15(3):387

西部凹陷沙河街组三段沉积厚度大,分布范围广,是深层储层的重要组成部分。通过对沙三段岩芯、钻/测井和地震资料的研究,识别出冲积扇、扇三角洲、近岸浊积扇、远岸浊积扇、断槽重力流水道、滑塌浊积扇及湖泊等7种沉积相类型,其中扇三角洲和浊积扇中各砂体微相的相互重叠构成区内最好的储层;该区沙三段沉积时期主要发育5套沉积体系,以冲积扇-扇三角洲-湖底扇沉积体系为主;在沙三段早中期,湖盆为水进沉积序列,西斜坡发育的扇三角洲和远岸浊积扇的砂体逐渐东移,展布范围逐渐扩大,而东陡坡扇三角洲中各亚相相带逐渐变窄,近岸浊积扇砂体呈长条状展布;到沙三段晚期,湖盆为水退沉积序列,西斜坡砂体展布范围、砂体厚度基本继承了前期的特征,东陡坡扇三角洲内各亚相相带逐渐变宽,并且向湖盆凹陷中心推进;沉积相带展布与迁移特征反映了古地形、边界同生断层、湖平面的相对变化以及物源的供给量等因素对沉积格局的控制。  相似文献