抛物 Ｒadon 域地震干涉技术     

朱恒  王德利 《世界地质》2015,34(2):484-490

当地震干涉技术应用在不完整数据体上时,缺失的地震记录会在合成的虚炮集记录上造成大量的假象。为减少假象的产生,笔者将抛物 Ｒadon 变换与地震干涉技术相结合,在抛物 Ｒadon 域中应用地震干涉技术。本文通过数值模拟验证了抛物 Ｒadon 域地震干涉技术的有效性,并将该方法应用在不完整数据体上。结果表明,抛物 Ｒadon 域地震干涉技术可以有效减少假象的产生,并能够压制缺失的地震数据的影响,提高虚炮集记录的质量。  相似文献   

排桩对柱面SH波散射问题研究：解析求解     

巴振宁  刘博佳  付继赛 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2021,51(5):1306-1315

采用波函数展开法结合Graf加法定理,利用桩体与土体之间的位移和应力连续边界条件,给出了全空间单排桩对柱面SH波散射解析解,并采用傅里叶逆变换,求得时域结果。该方法考虑了入射波曲率的影响,在频域内分析了柱面SH波入射时排桩散射的频谱规律,给出了时域排桩柱面SH波散射位移云图,讨论了桩数与桩间距对柱面SH波入射时排桩散射的影响。研究表明：在振源距排桩较近（d/a=10）时,低频段（η=0~1.0）排桩对柱面SH波的隔离作用显著;振源距排桩较远时,各频段排桩对柱面SH波的隔离作用均较为显著。桩间距固定时,增加桩数,排桩后方首次出现的最大位移响应相应减小,排桩散射的影响范围随之增大;对柱面SH波进行阻隔时,为提高阻隔效率的同时节约成本,不仅需要考虑桩数,还应考虑波源与桩体、桩间空隙相对位置的影响;排桩分布宽度固定时,由于入射波曲率对排桩散射的影响,减小桩间距,排桩后方首次出现的最大位移响应有可能会出现放大的情况,故应采用合理的桩间距对柱面SH波进行阻隔。  相似文献   

四川盆地东部海相下组合油气勘探领域与有利勘探方向     

孙自明  张荣强  孙炜  郝运轻  卞昌蓉 《现代地质》2021,35(3):798-806

四川盆地是一个大型叠合含油气盆地,经历了多期伸展-聚敛旋回,资源潜力巨大。近年来,盆地中部下组合天然气勘探在震旦系灯影组和下寒武统龙王庙组获得重大突破,但盆地东部尚未获得实质性进展,有利勘探方向尚待明确。以构造-沉积演化分析为基础,将盆地东部及邻区海相下组合划分为伸展分异台地(震旦纪至早寒武世沧浪铺期)、稳定统一台地(早寒武世龙王庙期至中奥陶世宝塔期)和挤压前陆坳陷(晚奥陶世至志留纪)三个演化阶段;根据油气成藏要素和运聚特征,划分出寒武系盐下碳酸盐岩、寒武系盐上碳酸盐岩和志留系致密碎屑岩等三个油气勘探领域,不同勘探领域制约油气成藏和富集的关键因素差异较大;指出了川东南震旦系灯影组四段台缘带、川东寒武系洗象池群碳酸盐岩浅滩和志留系小河坝组大型三角洲砂体等,为盆地东部海相下组合的有利勘探方向,同时明确了重点突破地区。  相似文献   

陕西主要成矿单元矿产特征及成矿时空域     

李维成  董王仓  朱雪丽  张明运 《矿床地质》2022,41(5):1009-1024

文章以近年来完成的“中国矿产地质志·陕西卷”研编成果为基础,建立了陕西省综合成矿单元划分体系,总结了主要成矿单元的矿产特征。研究成果显示,从阜平期到喜马拉雅期,由陕南龙门山-大巴山成矿区（Ⅲ-73）到陕北鄂尔多斯盆地成矿区（Ⅲ-60）,矿产地数量总体呈现逐渐增加的发展演化趋势;以矿产地时空分布的不均匀性为依据,提出了成矿时空域的概念,并划分出8个有利成矿时空域,进一步指出了有利找矿的成矿地质体或地质构造部位。上述研究成果和认识,对丰富区域成矿规律研究内容,指导矿产勘查具有一定的理论和实践意义。  相似文献   

周期排列水平管对地铁振动的隔振性能研究     

王明瑶  高盟 《岩土力学》2022,43(4):1147-1156

根据声子晶体理论,提出了一种周期性排列的水平管隔振方法并探讨了其对地铁振动的隔振性能。利用平面波展开法与Bloch定理结合,得到水平管的能带结构。建立轨道?隧道?土体相互作用的三维ABAQUS精细化模型,进一步验证了周期性水平管对地铁振动的减振效果,并探究了水平管材料及其相关参数对隔振带隙的影响。结果显示：数值计算所得的衰减域与理论分析的带隙结果相吻合,周期性排列的水平管对特定频带的振动隔离效果明显且其隔振频带较宽。衰减域随填充材料弹性模量的减小逐渐下移;隔振频带的起始值随桩径的增大而提高;随着轴心间距的增大,衰减域上下限同时减小,同时也在一定程度上降低了整个隔振结构的带隙宽度。计算表明周期性水平管在不同参数条件下的频带范围在40～900 Hz之内。  相似文献   

北非地区中生代盆地区域沉积中心发育机制新认识及油气差异富集效应     

黄雷  张忠民  赵晓辰  吕雪雁  王爱国  刘池洋  宋世骏  殷珂  李鑫  刘静静 《现代地质》2022,36(5):1218-1229

北非地区为世界上油气富集地区之一,区内油气分布表现出极大的不均匀性,以往研究对这一油气差异性富集控制因素的探讨较为薄弱。本研究重点从中生代期间发育的多个区域沉积中心的演化和形成机制的角度,探讨这一科学问题。对已有的基础地质和油气勘探资料的综合再分析表明,北非地区冈瓦纳大陆北缘发育维德迈尔—佩拉杰、苏尔特、东地中海三个彼此孤立存在的中生代沉积中心,这些沉积中心在空间上处于阿拉拉隆起、苏尔特隆起、黎凡特隆起三个海西运动中形成的NE向古隆起之上,具有“古隆起塌陷反转”的形成机理;沉积中心均靠近新特提斯洋边缘,总体呈现受海西运动形成的古隆起和新特提斯洋开启背景下的伸展作用联合控制。三个中生代沉积中心为中生代优质烃源岩发育区和油气富集区;受海西期塑造的古构造、海西构造剥蚀对砂岩储层的控制以及中生代烃源岩发育等有利因素所控,这些塌陷形成的中生代沉积中心及围区成为最为重要的油气富集区带。中生代盆地的这一形成过程为该区油气差异富集的重要控制因素。  相似文献   

Crust-derived felsic magmatism in the Emeishan large igneous Province: New evidence from zircon U-Pb-Hf-O isotope from the Yangtze Block,China     

《地学前缘(英文版)》2022,13(3):101369

Numerous intrusive bodies of mafic–ultramafic to felsic compositions are exposed in association with volcanic rocks in the Late Permian Emeishan large igneous province (ELIP), southwestern China. Most of the granitic rocks in the ELIP were derived by differentiation of basaltic magmas with a mantle connection, and crustal magmas have rarely been studied. Here we investigate a suite of mafic dykes and I-type granites that yield zircon U-Pb emplacement ages of 259.9 ± 1.2 Ma and 259.3 ± 1.3 Ma, respectively. The ε_Hf(t) values of zircon from the DZ mafic dyke are –0.3 to 9.4, and their corresponding T_DM1 values are in the range of 919–523 Ma. The ε_Hf(t) values of zircon from the DSC I-type granite are between –1 and 3, with T_DM1 values showing a range of 938–782 Ma. We also present zircon O isotope data on crust-derived felsic intrusions from the ELIP for the first time. The δ¹⁸O values of zircon from the DSC I-type granite ranges from 4.87‰ to 7.5‰. The field, petrologic, geochemical and isotopic data from our study lead to the following salient findings. (i) The geochronological study of mafic and felsic intrusive rocks in the ELIP shows that the ages of mafic and felsic magmatism are similar. (ii) The DZ mafic dyke and high-Ti basalts have the same source, i.e., the Emeishan mantle plume. The mafic dyke formed from magmas sourced at the transitional depth between from garnet-lherzolite and spinel-lherzolite, with low degree partial melting (<10%). (iii) The Hf-O isotope data suggest that the DSC I-type granite was formed by partial melting of Neoproterozoic juvenile crust and was contaminated by minor volumes of chemically weathered ancient crustal material. (iv) The heat source leading to the formation of the crust-derived felsic rocks in of the ELIP is considered to be mafic–ultramafic magmas generated by a mantle plume, which partially melted the overlying crust, generating the felsic magma.  相似文献   

Melting of hydrous pyroxenites with alkali amphiboles in the continental mantle: 1. Melting relations and major element compositions of melts     

《地学前缘(英文版)》2022,13(4):101380

Melting experiments on ultramafic rocks rich in the hydrous minerals phlogopite or phlogopite + K-richterite, some including 5% of accessory phases, have been conducted at 15 and 50 kbar. The assemblages represent probable source components that contribute to melts in cratonic regions, but whose melt compositions are poorly known. A main series of starting compositions based on MARID xenoliths consisted of a third each of clinopyroxene (CPX), phlogopite (PHL) and K-richterite (KR) with or without 5% ilmenite, rutile or apatite. Additional experiments were run without KR and with higher proportions of accessory phases. Melt traps were used at near-solidus temperatures to facilitate accurate analysis of well-quenched melts, for which reversal experiments demonstrate equilibrium.Results show that KR melts rapidly and completely within 50 °C of the solidus, so that melts reflect the composition of the amphibole and its melting reaction. Melts have high SiO₂ and especially K₂O but low CaO and Al₂O₃ relative to basaltic melts produced from peridotites at similar pressures. They have no counterparts amongst natural rocks, but most closely resemble leucite lamproites at 15 kbar. KR and PHL melt incongruently to form olivine (OL) and CPX at 15 kbar, promoting SiO₂ contents of the melt, whereas orthopyroxene OPX is increasingly stable at lower lithosphere pressures, leading to an increase in MgO and decrease in SiO₂ in melts, which resemble olivine lamproites. Melts of mica pyroxenites without KR are richer in CaO and Al₂O₃ and do not resemble lamproites. These experiments show that low CaO and Al₂O₃ in igneous rocks is not necessarily a sign of a depleted peridotite source. Accessory phases produce melts exceptionally rich in P₂O₅ or TiO₂ depending on the phases present and are unlike any melts seen at the Earth’s surface, but may be important agents of metasomatism seen in xenoliths. The addition of the 5% accessory phases ilmenite, rutile or apatite result in melting temperatures a few ten of degrees lower; at least two of these appear essential to explain the compositions of many alkaline igneous rocks on cratons.Melting temperatures for CPX + PHL + KR mixtures are close to cratonic geotherms at depths > 130 km: minor perturbations of the stable geotherm at >150 km will rapidly lead to 20% melting. Melts of hydrous pyroxenites with a variety of accessory phases will be common initial melts at depth, but will change if reaction with wall-rocks occurs, leading to volcanism that contains chemical components of peridotite even though the temperature in the source region remains well below the melting point of peridotite. At higher temperatures, extensive melting of peridotite will dilute the initial alkaline melts: this is recognizable as alkaline components in basalts and, in extreme cases, alkali picrites. Hydrous pyroxenites are, therefore, components of most mantle-derived igneous rocks: basaltic rocks should not be oversimplified as being purely melts of peridotite or of mixtures of peridotite and dry pyroxenite without hydrous phases.  相似文献   

青藏高原拉萨地块中西部超钾质岩Ca-Mg同位素特征及其地质意义     

刘峪菲  许继峰  张兆峰  王桂琴  陈建林  黄丰  祝红丽  刘芳 《地质学报》2018,92(3):545-559

本文通过对青藏高原拉萨地块中西部米巴勒及麦嘎地区的8个超钾质岩样品进行钙、镁同位素测定,在排除了风化作用、地壳混染、分离结晶及部分熔融等后期作用对超钾质岩钙、镁同位素组成的影响后,可能有来自俯冲新特提斯洋壳的碳酸盐沉积物交代超钾质岩的地幔源区。本文研究表明,米巴勒及麦嘎地区超钾质岩的δ~(44)Ca=0.59~0.75(平均值为0.68±0.04),明显低于上地幔(1.05±0.04)、硅酸盐地球值(0.94±0.05)及已发表的岩浆岩值(0.80±0.10),指示出超钾质岩源区含有低δ~(44)Ca组成的物质加入;Mg同位素组成δ~(26)Mg=-0.33~-0.24(平均值为-0.29±0.03),比上地幔值(-0.25±0.07)略低,但在误差范围内一致。超钾质岩的钙、镁同位素之间还存在一定的正相关性,进一步指示其源区有同时具有低钙、低镁同位素组成的物质加入。通过对拉萨地块构造演化过程的识别,笔者认为这些具有低钙、低镁同位素组成的物质极有可能是来自俯冲新特提斯洋壳的碳酸盐沉积物。  相似文献   

起伏地形频率域可控源电磁二维快速正反演   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李静和 《地质与勘探》2018,54(2):325-331

起伏地形频率域可控源电磁正反演研究受到众多学者的关注和重视,目前普遍实用的为未考虑地形的二维正反演算法程序。本文基于积分方程法正演和多场源、多频率、对比源反演算法,开展起伏地形条件下频率域可控源电磁二维快速正反演研究。通过引入层状参考模型、将地形与目标体整体作为异常场剖分区域,实现起伏地形可控源电磁正反演计算。针对包含地形在内的大尺度剖分区域引起的大型计算代价问题,采用快速傅里叶算法提高正反演计算效率。通过与现有正反演算法进行模型算例对比,验证了本文采用方法的可行性与有效性。  相似文献