Single grain optical dating of glacigenic deposits   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

G.A.T. Duller   《Quaternary Geochronology》2006,1(4):296-304

Determining the age of glacigenic sediments is difficult for many geochronological methods because of the lack of suitable materials for analysis. Luminescence dating can be applied to the mineral grains making up the glacigenic sediments. However a major source of uncertainty in previous studies has been whether the mineral grains were exposed to sufficient daylight prior to deposition for the luminescence signal to be reset. Measurements of the optically stimulated luminescence signal from single sand-sized quartz grains offers the potential for explicitly identifying if a sediment contains grains that were not exposed to sufficient daylight to reset their signal. Statistical analysis of the resulting data can then reject those grains to allow the age of the sample to be determined. This study is the first to apply single grain optical dating to glacigenic sediments, and demonstrates the issues involved by analysis of samples from Chile and Scotland. Ages from 2.4±0.5 to 17.3±1.5 ka are produced. Comparison of the results with independent age control suggests that the ages are reliable. The results also show that the extent of bleaching at deposition varies considerably from one sample to another. For the most incompletely bleached sample, luminescence measurements based on the average of many hundreds or thousands of grains would have overestimated the age of the sample by 60 ka, but the single grain method proposed here was able to reliably date it.  相似文献   

藏北羌塘盆地上三叠统那底岗日组与下伏地层沉积间断的确立及意义   总被引：9，自引：2，他引：9       下载免费PDF全文

付修根 王剑汪正江  陈文西 《地质论评》2007,53(3):329-336,I0003

藏北羌塘盆地上三叠统那底岗日组呈近东西带状展布，下部主要为凝灰岩、凝灰质砂岩夹流纹岩、玄武岩，上部主要为含砾砂岩、泥质粉砂岩和生物碎屑泥灰岩。笔者等野外调查中首次在下伏的上三叠统肖茶卡组顶部发现古风化壳，结合在那底岗日组底部识别出来的不同底界类型和底砾岩特征，证实那底岗日组与下伏地层之间存在沉积间断。早期磁性地层研究中也曾发现了该沉积间断的存在，间断时间被认为约2Ma。运用已有的生物地层资料确定肖茶卡组地层的沉积时间（晚三叠世诺利期一瑞替期），从而推测那底岗日组火山岩形成时代略晚于这个时间，很可能早于前人关于该套地层的时代认识。那底岗日组火山岩可能对研究东特提斯地区的晚三叠世生物绝灭、气候变化以及海退事件有重要意义。  相似文献   

藏北若拉岗日结合带上、下二叠统之间不整合界线的发现及其地质意义     

杨子江李学智  王海涛李咸阳 《地质通报》2007,26(4):398-403

若拉岗日结合带是金沙江结合带的西延部分,通过近年来的研究和地质调查,在该地区和邻区原命名的中、上三叠统若拉岗日群(T2-3rl)中有了较多的新发现。这些新发现表明这套地层是多时代地层的组合体,不限于中、上三叠统,并发现上二叠统地层与下伏石炭系—下二叠统之间为不整合接触关系,与上覆下三叠统之间为整合接触关系。这些发现都为重新认识该地区的地质构造演化提供了重要的资料。  相似文献   

藏北北羌塘盆地那底岗日组时代归属的新证据   总被引：17，自引：9，他引：17  

王剑  汪正江  陈文西  付修根  陈明 《地质通报》2007,26(4):404-409

藏北北羌塘盆地那底岗日组是一套角度不整合于三叠系肖茶卡组灰岩之上、假整合伏于侏罗系雀莫错组陆源碎屑岩之下的一套陆相火山岩夹火山碎屑岩及陆源碎屑岩地层,现有的资料都将其时代归属于早侏罗世。取自北羌塘盆地不同地区的2个那底岗日组流纹质晶屑凝灰岩和1个流纹质英安岩样品的SHRIMP锆石U-Pb定年结果分别为205Ma±4Ma、208Ma±4Ma和210Ma±4Ma,它们代表了那底岗日火山岩的形成时代,即那底岗日组的时代应为晚三叠世中期(诺利期)。那底岗日组形成时代的重新确定,对于重新认识羌塘盆地中生代火山喷发事件、羌塘盆地的性质与沉积构造演化具有重要意义。  相似文献   

Velocity and concentration profiles of particle movement in sheet flows     

Yu-Hai Wang  Guo-Hua Yu 《Advances in water resources》2007

Sheet flows occur widely in natural free-surface flows including rivers in flood, tidal estuaries and coastal waters in storm conditions when bed shear stress becomes sufficiently high. Particle volumetric concentration in sheet flows normally follows a linear distribution with the Rouse [Rouse H. Modern conceptions of the mechanics of fluid turbulence. Trans ASCE, 1937;102:463–543] distribution applicable in the dilute water column above the sheet-flow layer. However, a well-verified formula for determining particle velocity distribution in sheet flows is still lacking. This paper presents formulas to describe the particle velocity profile in steady or oscillatory sheet flows. They compare well with measured data. In particular, the novel formula for determining the particle velocity at the top of bedload–sediment-dominated sublayer in sheet flows is also well verified with measured data.  相似文献   

Glacial geomorphology of Teesdale,northern Pennines,England: Implications for upland styles of ice stream operation and deglaciation in the British-Irish Ice Sheet     

David J.A. Evans  Matthew Dinnage  David H. Roberts 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2018,129(6):697-735

The glacial geomorphology of Teesdale and the North Pennines uplands is analysed in order to decipher: a) the operation of easterly flowing palaeo-ice streams in the British-Irish Ice Sheet; and b) the style of regional deglaciation. Six landform categories are: i) bedrock controlled features, including glacitectonic bedrock megablocks or ‘rubble moraine’; ii) discrete mounds and hills, often of unknown composition, interpreted as weakly streamlined moraines and potential ‘rubble moraine’; iii) non-streamlined drift mounds and ridges, representing lateral, frontal and inter-ice stream/interlobate moraines; iv) streamlined landforms, including drumlins of various elongation ratios and bedrock controlled lineations; v) glacifluvial outwash and depositional ridges; and vi) relict channels and valleys, related to glacial meltwater incision or meltwater re-occupation of preglacial fluvial features. Multiple tills in valley-floor drumlin exposures indicate that the subglacial bedform record is a blend of flow directions typical of areas of discontinuous till cover and extensive bedrock erosional landforms. Arcuate assemblages of partially streamlined drift mounds are likely to be glacially overridden latero-frontal moraines related to phases of “average glacial conditions” (palimpsests). Deglacial oscillations of a glacier lobe in mid-Teesdale are marked by five inset assemblages of moraines and associated drift and meltwater channels, named the Glacial Lake Eggleshope, Mill Hill, Gueswick, Hayberries and Lonton stages. The Lonton stage moraines are thought to be coeval with bedrock-cored moraines in the central Stainmore Gap and likely record the temporary development of cold-based or polythermal ice conditions around the margins of a plateau-based icefield during the Scottish Readvance.  相似文献   

Isolation basin stratigraphy and Holocene relative sea-level change on Arveprinsen Ejland,Disko Bugt,West Greenland     

Antony J. Long  David H. Roberts  Matthew R. Wright 《第四纪科学杂志》1999,14(4):323-345

This paper presents the results of an investigation into Holocene relative sea-level (RSL) change, isostatic rebound and ice sheet dynamics in Disko Bugt, West Greenland. Data collected from nine isolation basins on Arveprinsen Ejland, east Disko Bugt, show that mean sea level fell continuously from ca. 70 m at 9.9 ka cal. yr BP (8.9 ka ¹⁴C yr BP) to reach a minimum of ca. −5 m at 2.8 ka cal. yr BP (2.5 ka ¹⁴C yr BP), before rising to the present day. A west–east gradient in isostatic uplift across Disko Bugt is confirmed, with reduced rebound observed in east Disko Bugt. However, RSL differences (up to 20 m at 7.8 ka to 6.8 ka cal. yr BP (7 ka to 6 ka ¹⁴C yr BP)) also exist within east Disko Bugt, suggesting a significant north–south component to the area’s isostatic history. The observed magnitude and timing of late Holocene RSL rise is not compatible with regional forebulge collapse. Instead, RSL rise began first in the eastern part of the bay, as might be expected under a scenario of crustal subsidence caused by neoglacial ice sheet readvance. The results of this study demonstrate the potential of isolation basin data for local and regional RSL studies in Greenland, and the importance of avoiding data compilations from areas where the isobase orientation is uncertain. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Support for the Innuitian Ice Sheet in the Canadian High Arctic during the Last Glacial Maximum     

John England 《第四纪科学杂志》1998,13(3):275-280

The extent of glacier ice in the Canadian High Arctic during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) has been debated for decades. One school proposed a regional Innuitian Ice Sheet whereas another proposed a smaller, non-contiguous Franklin Ice Complex. Research throughout western Nares Strait supports coalescent Innuitian and Greenland ice during the LGM, based on widespread glacial and marine deposits dated by ¹⁴C and amino acid analyses. This coalescence likely promoted a vigorous regional ice flow westward across Ellesmere Island to Eureka Sound. Post-glacial emergence in Eureka Sound suggests a former ice thickness at least as great as that in Nares Strait (≥ 1 km). Recently, independent field studies elsewhere in the High Arctic also support an Innuitian Ice Sheet during the LGM. Collectively, these studies resolve a long-standing debate, and initiate new opportunities concerning the reconstruction of high-latitude palaeoenvironmental and palaeoclimatic change. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

藏南拉轨岗日变质核杂岩带三层结构的影像证据及意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

隋志龙  杨巍然  李德威  黄春霞  刘德民 《地学前缘》2006,13(4):188-195

拉轨岗日变质核杂岩带是喜马拉雅造山带的组成部分,从几何学角度查明其结构是该变质核杂岩带研究的一个重要内容。利用遥感技术来宏观地研究该变质核杂岩带的空间结构及物质组成,是对野外调研成果的有效验证和有益补充。从遥感图像信息提取的结果可以看出,变质核、过渡带及盖层在色调(色彩)、空间形态、水系类型与分布状况、影纹图案等各个方面均存在不同程度的差异。这些光谱及空间特征的综合使得变质核杂岩的三层结构被清晰地显现出来,尤其是过渡带的弱信息也在有TM6加入的K-L变换等图像处理手段中被有效地提取出来,从而更确切地证明该变质核杂岩带具有三层结构。同时,结合已有资料从遥感信息机理方面探讨三层结构各自的物质组成及其演变,为西部地区深入分析区域地质构造提供了一种有效的方法。  相似文献   

龙岗古陆南缘光华岩群地质特征及时代探讨   总被引：5，自引：4，他引：1  

欧祥喜  马云国 《吉林地质》2000,19(3):16-25

吉林省通化市北部光华乡一带,发育有一套由变质基性席状岩墙、变质气孔状玄武岩、黑云变粒岩、大理岩、含榴二云片岩、变质流纹岩为组合的中-浅变质岩系.该套岩系岩石组合、变质程度均有别于龙岗古陆内的太古宙上壳岩.具有陆内裂谷环境下形成的双峰式火山岩建造特征.依据区域地层对比、岩石组合特征、同位素年龄资料,与周围侵入岩的相互关系,结合本地区地壳演化历史综合分析认为,其形成时代当属早元古宙,建立光华岩群.  相似文献