福建紫金山地区中生代岩浆岩成因——锆石Hf同位素证据     

梁清玲  江思宏  王少怀  刘翼飞  白大明  陈春良 《岩石矿物学杂志》2013,32(3):318-328

对福建紫金山地区中生代岩浆岩进行了锆石Hf同位素分析,结果表明中-晚侏罗世与早白垩世岩浆岩具有不同的Hf同位素组成.中-晚侏罗世花岗岩体具有低的εHf(t)值(-13.5～-2.9),Hf同位素的二阶段模式年龄(tDCM)峰值介于1.7～2.0 Ga,表明其主要来源于古元古代基底.早白垩世侵入-次火山岩分为四方花岗闪长岩体和紫金山次火山岩、悦洋次火山岩以及温屋次火山岩.四方岩体εHf(t)值介于-2.3～0.4,tDCM峰值介于1.3～1.4Ga;紫金山次火山岩εHf(t)值变化范围大(-8.9～5.6),tDCM峰值介于1.1～～1.5 Ga,表明两者均形成于中元古代基底和地幔物质混合作用的环境;悦洋和温屋次火山岩具有相对较低的εHf(t)(-2.7～-9.6)和较高的tDCM(峰值为1.4～1.7 Ga),表明二者来源于中-古元古代基底和少量幔源物质的混合物.早白垩世岩浆岩Hf同位素特征显示,紫金山地区的侵入-次火山岩体形成于同一岩浆源区,但岩浆源区随着时间的演化各组分及组分含量在不断变化,显示了该时期复杂的壳幔作用过程.紫金山地区中生代岩浆岩中锆石Hf同位素特征表明,中-晚侏罗世岩体与早白垩世侵入-火山岩来源于不同源区,为古太平洋板块俯冲作用不同阶段的产物.  相似文献   

Biostratigraphy and Paleoecology of Maastrichtian Sediments in the Zagros Basin, Iran     

Mahnaz Parvaneh Nejad SHIRAZI  Pegah SHAMS  Mohammad BAHRAMI 《《地质学报》英文版》2013,87(5):1387-1395

To enable the lithostratigraphic and biostratigraphic study of the Gurpi Formation,within the ‘Dezak’ or Globigerina Marl,a stratigraphic section at Booraki,located to the NNW of Shiraz,SW Iran,through the late Cretaceous was examined.The formation consists of shale and greenish-gray marls interbedded with cream limestone,brown sandstones and siltstones with an exposed thickness of 160 m in the studied section.Samples were taken at regular intervals in all yielding 14 genera and 16 different species of benthic and planktic foraminifera that allowed determination of the age of the beds as Maastrichtian.To examine the paleoecology of the formation,some important ecological factors including water level,salinity,and oxygen regime change during the depositional courses of the formation were analyzed.The density of foraminiferans decreases from the base to top of the Gurpi Formation whereas the ratio of planktic to benthic Foraminifera(i.e.,P/B) and proportion of shallow-water fauna increase.These foraminiferal changes indicate an increase and decrease in depth,temperature,salinity and oxygen,respectively,at the base and top of the Formation.  相似文献   

沂沭断裂带中南段钾质火山岩的元素地球化学与Sr-Nd-Hf同位素组成及其对岩石成因的制约   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

邱检生  李友连  刘亮  赵姣龙 《地质学报》2013,87(9):1193-1210

本文以沂沭断裂带中南段莒南-大店一带的钾质火山岩为对象,系统研究了它们的岩石学、元素地球化学和Sr-Nd-Hf同位素组成特征,据此探讨了源区地幔富集机制及岩石成因。莒南钾质火山岩主要为一套安粗质火山-潜火山岩组合,大店多发育粗面质火山岩,二者的锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄基本一致,均约为118Ma。在化学组成上,这套火山岩均偏碱性,里特曼指数(σ)介于4.10~5.07,且富钾(K_2O=4.21%~5.77%),在SiO_2-K_2O和K_2O-Na_2O关系图上,均投影在钾玄岩系区。安粗质和粗面质火山岩均富大离子亲石元素(Cs,Rb,Th,U,Pb)和轻稀土元素,贫高场强元素(Nb,Ta,P,Ti),但粗面质火山岩具较显著的Ba、Eu负异常,且轻重稀土比值较低。二类火山岩均具有富集且较均一的Sr-Nd同位素组成(I_(Sr)=0.7086~0.7091,ε_(Nd)(t)=-16.9~-18.2),锆石ε_(Hf)(t)值均为显著的负值(安粗质岩:-22.3~-24.3,粗面岩:-19.7~-23.6)。元素和同位素组成的综合分析表明,区内钾质火山岩的源区地幔极可能遭受了因扬子板块深俯冲和华北克拉通岩石圈拆沉等多次富集事件的影响。至早白垩世,随着郯庐断裂引张的加剧,诱发了软流圈地幔上涌,同时在断裂减压作用的影响下,促使了这一经叠次改造的富集地幔的部分熔融,由此产生的岩浆经进一步分异演化,导致了区内钾质火山岩的形成。  相似文献   

The upper Hawasina nappes in the central Oman Mountains: stratigraphy,palinspastics and sequence of nappe emplacement     

Daniel Bernoulli  Helmut Weissert 《Geodinamica Acta》2013,26(1):47-58

Abstract

In the Oman mountains, a succession of sedimentary decollement nappes, the Hawasina nappes, is sandwiched between the Samail ophiolite nappe and its underlying melange and the “autochthonous” sequences of the Arabian platform. The sediments of the Hawasina nappes document the Mesozoic evolution of the northeastern Arabian continental margin and the adjacent Tethys Ocean. In earlier paleogeographic reconstructions, based on simple telescoping of the tectonic units, the upper Hawasina nappes represent the distal part and the lower nappes the proximal part of the margin. New stratigraphic data suggest a revision of the paleogeography and a more complex model for nappe emplacement in the central Oman mountains. The lower Hawasina nappes with their Jurassic and Cretaceous base of slope and basin sediments (Hamrat Duru, Wahrah) form the original cover of part of the upper Hawasina nappes. In the latter (Al Ayn, Haliw), Triassic pelagic sediments, locally overlain by massive sandstone successions are preserved. Complete Mesozoic sequences with pelagic Cenomanian sediments as youngest dated elements are found in the highest Hawasina units (Al Aridh and Oman Exotics). The stratigraphic data indicate polyphase thrusting in the central Oman mountains. Downward propagation of thrusting in front of the Samail is responsible for cutting the original stratigraphie sequence into a number of thrust-sheets, involving successively older and more external formations. This kind of thrust propagation eventually leads to the observed superposition of originally lower stratigraphie units onto their original cover. Regional deformation of the nappe contacts in post-nappe culminations (J. Akhdar, Saih Hatat) is related to ramp-flat-systems in the Arabian foreland.  相似文献   

Notes de lecture     

Y. Callot  N. Deichmann  J.-P. Bravard 《Geodinamica Acta》2013,26(4):189-191

Abstract

3D stratigraphic geometries of the intracratonic Meso- Cenozoic Paris Basin were obtained by sequence stratigraphic correlations of around 1 100 wells (well-logs). The basin records the major tectonic events of the western part of the Eurasian Plate, i.e. opening and closure of the Tethys and opening of the Atlantic. From earlier Triassic to Late Jurassic, the Paris Basin was a broad subsiding area in an extensional framework, with a larger size than the present-day basin. During the Aalenian time, the subsidence pattern changes drastically (early stage of the central Atlantic opening). Further steps of the opening of the Ligurian Tethys (base Het- tangian, late Pliensbachian;...) and its evolution into an oceanic domain (passive margin, Callovian) are equally recorded in the tectono-sedimentary history. The Lower Cretaceous was characterized by NE-SW compressive medium wavelength unconformities (late Cimmerian-Jurassic/Cretaceous boundary and intra- Berriasian and late Aptian unconformities) coeval with opening of the Bay of Biscay. These unconformities are contemporaneous with a major decrease of the subsidence rate. After an extensional period of subsidence (Albian to Turanian), NE-SW compression started in late Turanian time with major folding during the Late Cretaceous. The Tertiary was a period of very low subsidence in a com- pressional framework. The second folding stage occurred from the Lutetian to the Lower Oligocene (N-S compression) partly coeval with the E-W extension of the Oligocene rifts. Further compression occurred in the early Burdigalian and the Late Miocene in response to NE-SW shortening. Overall uplift occurred, with erosion, around the Lower/Middle Pleistocene boundary. © 2000 Éditions scientifiques et médicales Elsevier SAS  相似文献   

海拉尔盆地中生代火山岩锆石U-Pb年代学及其地质意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

赵磊  高福红  张彦龙  徐怀民  张丽媛 《岩石学报》2013,29(3):864-874

本文报导了海拉尔盆地巴彦呼舒凹陷楚2井南屯组(K1n)和楚3井兴安岭群(J3xn)6个流纹岩中锆石的LA-ICPMS U-Pb定年结果,以便精确限定盆地内火山岩形成的时代以及火山活动与盆地形成和演化之间的关系.6个流纹岩中的锆石均呈自形-半自形晶,显示典型的岩浆生长环带或条痕状吸收,并具有较高的Th/U比值(0.48 ～2.41),表示其为岩浆成因.楚2井南屯组(K1n)1个流纹岩中锆石的206Pb/238U年龄介于123～ 134Ma之间,其加权平均年龄为127±2Ma,代表了该火山岩的形成时代为早白垩世晚期;楚3井兴安岭群5个样品的锆石206Pb/238U年龄分别为120±1Ma、127±4Ma、125±1Ma、125±1Ma和126±1Ma,表明其形成时代为早白垩世晚期,并非前人确定的晚侏罗世.除了上述年龄外,流纹岩中还存在140～168Ma的捕获锆石,这与区域上出露的塔木兰沟组火山岩的形成时代相吻合.根据上述定年结果并结合前人的资料,海拉尔盆地南屯组和兴安岭群火山岩的形成时代为早白垩世晚期,火山活动时间为中生代晚侏罗世-早白垩世,这与我国东部中生代火成岩活动的年代一致.从东北地区中生代火山岩的定年结果及其空间展布来看,海拉尔盆地的形成与演化应与环太平洋构造体系有关,即古太平洋板块的俯冲作用.  相似文献   

鄂尔多斯盆地东南部中生界地层节理发育特征与古应力场   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

姜琳  王清晨  王香增  姜呈馥  张丽霞  薛振华  褚杨 《岩石学报》2013,29(5):1774-1790

鄂尔多斯盆地东南部中生代地层中发育有六组节理(E-W、N-S、ENE-WSW、NNW-SSE、WNW-ESE、NNE-SSW),并且构成三期的正交节理系统(E-W与N-S、ENE-WSW与NNW-SSE、WNW-ESE与NNE-SSW).三期正交节理系统形成的先后期次为:E-W向和N-S向两组节理最早形成,WNW-ESE向和NNE-SSW向两组节理为第二期形成,ENE-WSW向和NNW-SSE向两组节理则最晚形成.E-W向、N-S向和ENE-WSW向三组节理的节理间距指数(FSI)分析结果表明,节理间距的发育程度除了受岩层厚度控制外,还受区域应力场的控制.E-W向、N-S向和ENE-WSW向三组节理的节理间距率(FSR)值分布范围指示不同组节理在区域上发育程度具有差异性.此外,E-W向的优势节理组的FSR值有超过间距与层厚比值的临界值,而非优势组的SN向节理的FSR值则全部小于临界值,表明E-W向和N-S向两组节理组成最早一期的正交节理系统.盆内中生代地层中的三期正交节理系统,所对应的古应力场分别为:(1)晚侏罗世盆地处在近E-W向的挤压环境下,形成了第一期正交节理系统,为E-W向和N-S向两组节理;应力来源于古太平洋板块向欧亚板块俯冲所产生的NW-SE向的挤压分量.(2)晚白垩世时,来自于古太平洋板块俯冲产生的NW-SE向挤压应力形成了第二期正交节理系统的WNW-ESE向和NNE-SSW向两组节理.(3)晚白垩世末至新生代,印度板块向欧亚板块下的俯冲产生NE-SW向的远程挤压应力,形成第三期正交节理系统的ENE-WSW向和NNW-SSE向两组节理.  相似文献   

闽西南地区晚三叠-中侏罗世沉积岩矿物和元素地球化学特征：对盆地构造背景转变的约束   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

许中杰  程日辉  王嘹亮  张莉  沈艳杰  于振锋 《岩石学报》2013,29(8):2913-2924

闽西南地区上三叠统-中侏罗统文宾山组、梨山组和漳平组经历了一次大规模的海侵-海退事件.泥岩的常量元素分析和ICP-MS微量、稀土元素测试结果显示的地球化学特征表明,该套沉积物源岩主要为沉积岩和花岗岩.文宾山组和梨山组沉积物源岩是来自被动大陆边缘物源区和酸性岛弧源区的沉积岩和花岗岩(Rb＞ 100×10-6; K20＞ 1％;Hf=5.38×10-6～ 14.17×10-6;La/Th=1.64 ～4.94).漳平组源岩来自酸性岛弧源区和长英质、基性岩混合物物源区的花岗岩(Rb＞300×10-6; K20 ＞2％;Hf=3.75 ×10-6～6.64×10-6; La/Th =2.73 ～4.21).砂岩骨架成分研究表明,文宾山组物源主要来自火山弧造山带;梨山组和漳平组物源来自火山弧造山带和岩浆弧物源区,这与泥岩地球化学特征显示的物源区吻合.不同时代岩性岩相组合、泥岩地球化学特征和砂岩矿物成分特征,以及样品在Zr-Th、La-Th-Sc、Th-Co-Zr/10构造环境判别图解中的位置,说明文宾山组沉积物沉积于既有被动大陆边缘特性,也有大陆岛弧(∑REE =22.51×10-6～152.6×10-6;LREE/HREE=7.21～ 15.01,8Eu =0.69 ～0.90,La/Yb =5.64～ 16.93;(La/Yb)N=3.66～10.99)特性的弧后伸展盆地.梨山组沉积物沉积于靠近大陆岛弧的活动大陆边缘(∑REE=140.4×10-6 ～335.5×10-6,LREE/HREE =9.52～15.90,δEu=0.48 ～0.62,La/Yb=11.04 ～21.13;(La/Yb)N =7.17 ～ 13.72),同时具有被动大陆边缘(∑REE=115.4×10-6～383.4×10-6,LREE/HREE=8.30 ～20.27,δEu =0.55～0.67,La/Yb=8.42 ～30.12;(La/Yb)N =5.47 ～ 19.56)特性的弧后挤压盆地.漳平组沉积物沉积于靠近大陆岛弧的活动大陆边缘(∑REE=98.34×10-6～260.5×10-6,LREE/HREE=11.28～19.38,δEu=0.56 ～0.64,La/Yb=10.19 ～23.91;(La/Yb)N =6.62 ～15.52)特性的弧后挤压盆地.  相似文献   

Stratigraphy and structural summary of the Cooma Metamorphic Complex     

T. P. Hopwood 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,60(4):345-360

A technique for obtaining age estimates for regolith profiles in Australia, based on the oxygen‐isotope composition of the clay mineral assemblage in a profile, is applied to a variety of regolith profiles and kaolinitic sediments from across Australia. Excluding monsoonal regions in the north of the continent, it is possible to distinguish profiles formed in the Late Mesozoic‐Early Tertiary (δ¹⁸O values between +15 and +17.5%δō) from profiles formed in post‐mid‐Tertiary times (>+17.5%ō). In addition it is concluded that there remain widespread remnants of a deep‐weathered regolith which developed in pre‐Late Mesozoic (Early Cretaceous or Jurassic?) times when Australia was at high latitude. The low δ¹⁸O values associated with clays formed in pre‐Late Mesozoic times (+10 to +15%o) suggest that deep weathering took place in a cool to cold and presumably humid climate, contrary to the traditional belief that deep weathering requires tropical to subtropical temperatures. The formation of deep‐weathered profiles at high latitude in a comparatively cold climate may be linked in part to higher past atmospheric CO₂ levels.  相似文献   

青岛八仙墩碎屑岩微量元素地球化学特征及沉积环境意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

孙建伟  付永涛  兰朝利 《海洋科学》2014,38(8):75-81

以青岛八仙墩碎屑岩样品中微量元素测试结果为基础,结合碎屑岩沉积构造等方面的证据,选用对沉积环境反映比较敏感的Sr、Ba、Th、U、V、Ni等微量元素指标,分析地层中微量元素含量及微量元素之间比值与沉积环境之间的对应关系,探讨了八仙墩碎屑岩的沉积环境。水平层理、冲洗交错层理、丘状交错层理和洼状交错层理等沉积构造以及浊积岩的鲍马序列都指示八仙墩碎屑岩为海相成因。八仙墩碎屑岩中的Sr/Ba(0.42~4.16,平均值为0.78),Th/U(3.82~6.78,平均值为4.88),V/(V+Ni)(0.75~0.95,平均值为0.82)和弱的Ce负异常表明八仙墩碎屑岩是在还原环境条件下形成的海相碎屑岩。被崂山花岗岩侵入,以及本套地层底部、来自苏鲁高压-超高压变质带的花岗片麻岩砾石,说明八仙墩碎屑岩形成于中生代,是一套中生代的海相地层。本套碎屑岩指示南黄海盆地深部应有相应的海相浊积岩地层,是良好的油气储层,对南黄海海相地层油气勘探具有重要的指示意义。  相似文献