Peatland development at the arctic tree line (Québec, Canada) influenced by flooding and permafrost     

Najat Bhiry  Serge Payette  lisabeth C. Robert 《Quaternary Research》2007,67(3):426-437

In this study, we documented the Holocene history of a peat plateau at the arctic tree line in northern Québec using stratigraphic and macrofossil analyses to highlight the effects of geomorphic setting in peatland development. Paludification of the site began about 6800 cal yr BP. From 6390 to 4120 cal yr BP, the peatland experienced a series of flooding events. The location of the peatland in a depression bounded by two small lakes likely explains its sensitivity to runoff. The proximity of a large hill bordering the peatland to the south possibly favored the inflow of mineral-laden water. The onset of permafrost aggradation in several parts of the peatland occurred after 3670 cal yr BP. Uplifting of the peatland surface caused by permafrost stopped the flooding. According to radiocarbon dating of the uppermost peat layers, permafrost distribution progressed from the east to the west of the peatland, indicating differential timing for the initiation of permafrost throughout the peatland. Most of the peatland was affected by permafrost growth during the Little Ice Age. Picea mariana macroremains at 6450 cal yr BP indicate that the species was present during the early stages of peatland development, which occurred soon after the sea regression.  相似文献   

西昆仑柳什塔格峰西侧火山岩的特征、时代及地质意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李博秦姚建新  王炬川计文化　韩芳林 《岩石学报》2007,23(11):2801-2810

在西昆仑麻扎-康西瓦-苏巴什结合带的柳什塔格一带发现了一套火山岩建造,主要由强蚀变玄武岩、绿帘阳起石岩、阳起石岩(原岩为玄武岩)组成,上覆少量深水沉积岩。火山岩的岩石地球化学特征表明其主要来源于富集地幔玄武岩浆,形成于洋岛环境,因此它是一个古结合带大洋洋壳的残留。采样作Rb-Sr等时线年龄分析,时代为震旦纪(563±48Ma),说明麻扎-康西瓦-苏巴什结合带所代表的洋盆在震旦纪就已经存在。这个发现对重新认识麻扎-康西瓦-苏巴什结合带的演化时限具有重要意义。  相似文献   

中国小冰期的气候   总被引：37，自引：2，他引：35       下载免费PDF全文

王绍武  叶瑾琳  龚道溢 《第四纪研究》1998,18(1):54-64

在建立了近百年中国10个区的年平均气温序列的基础上,利用史料、冰芯δ18O及树木年轮,重建了各区近400～1000年的10年平均气温序列。分析表明,近千年来中国可能有5次冷期分别出现于1100’s～1150’s,1300’s～1390’s,1450’s～1510’s,1560’s～1690’s及1790’S～1890’S。第4次冷期主要在中国大陆中部最明显,而第5次冷期在中国南部较强。新疆、东北及闽台气温变化与中国其它部分特别是南部及西南有一定差异。如果把最后两次冷期作为中国小冰期的两次主要寒冷阶段,其30年平均气温可能比20世纪中期中国最暖的30年(1920’S～1940’S)低0．6～0．11℃。  相似文献   

可可西里苟仁错湖泊沉积物元素地球化学特征及其环境意义   总被引：18，自引：4，他引：14  

吴艳宏  李世杰  夏威岚 《地球科学与环境学报》2004,26(3):64-68

湖泊沉积物元素地球化学特征及其比值，有效地揭示了湖泊沉积物物源区的化学风化程度．已成为反映古气候波动的有效指标。根据可可西里苟仁错湖泊沉积物的元素地球化学特征，通过CIA，ICV等元素比值的结果，揭示该地区1400AD以来化学风化作用十分微弱，因此湖泊沉积物元素组成，对气候变化非常敏感。研究表明1400AD以来该地区气候经历多次冷暖波动，且呈干旱化的趋势，1420AD左右进入小冰期，其中1480～1520AD最为寒冷，1900AD后干旱化加剧。  相似文献   

The status of artisanal fishing in El Salvador     

《Marine Policy》2015

El Salvador is one of the most environmentally degraded nations in Latin America, but the declining fishing industry is under-studied compared with deforestation and landuse. This paper examines the reactions to fish stock decline of two generations of fishers in La Union, El Salvador on the Golfo de Fonseca, one of the most important fishing areas in Latin America, using face to face interviews and questionaires. Both older (>35 years) and younger (<36 years) fishers supplemented their income with trading, farming and loans from their relatives in the United States. All older fishers reported larger fish catches five and ten years previously than at present. Previously, fishers caught more fish, but significantly more younger fishers than older fishers reported their fathers caught more fish than they did, indicating an increasing gap in fish catches in recent decades. More younger fishers than older fishers had fathers or male kin who were also fishers, indicating young men were less likely to join fishing without a parent or kin already involved. Minorities of both older and younger fishers engaged in supplementary activities. Environmental degradation disuaded fishers from switching to farming or hunting. The findings are similar to findings elsewhere on the decline of fish resources and generational gaps in environmental knowledge, but differ in that some other studies report fewer opportunities for fishers to access alternative or complementary activities. These findings are relevant to Latin American studies, considering the great value of the Golfo de Fonseca to the livelihoods of Central America.  相似文献   

楚雄小水井—西西郎金矿带成矿空间     

吴文辉  何忠福  蔡培全 《云南地质》2010,29(3):257-261

西西郎-小水井金矿带控矿因素为断裂和地层,岩浆期后热液、变质水及地下热卤水通过渗滤富集作用形成的微粒浸染型金矿床。该区是有理想的成矿空间。  相似文献   

腾冲-梁河地区锡铜铅锌稀有多金属成矿模式     

杨春海  何志魁  苏兰  邢永辉 《云南地质》2010,29(2):111-116

腾冲-梁河地区Sn、Cu、Pb、Zn等元素成矿规律明显,找矿标志清楚。由东往西划分为四个次级成矿带,各具有不同矿产组合或典型矿床。根据成矿地质条件、矿产分布特征、控矿因素和找矿标志等,归纳5种成矿模式。初步建立该区矿床找矿模型,为今后矿产预测奠定基础。  相似文献   

华南成矿省（云南部分）堆积型铝土矿典型矿床   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

冯晓宏  王臣兴  崔子良  刘宇淳  张兴恒 《云南地质》2010,29(1):7-12

云南堆积型铝土矿典型矿床称为卖酒坪式,成矿物质来源于吴家坪组或龙潭组原生沉积铝土矿／岩层。矿床分布于与矿源层邻近的下伏中、上泥盆统一下二叠统中发育的溶丘漏斗、溶蚀坡地、石牙坡地和峰丛谷地等4种岩溶地貌类型中。岩溶地貌对堆积体厚度及形态起控制作用,各堆积类型Al2O3、A／S和含矿率均有一定规律。  相似文献   

普朗斑岩铜矿包裹体、同位素研究及成矿时代     

胡清华  黄定柱  李冰  杨丽梅  尹光候 《云南地质》2010,29(3):351-357

普朗斑岩铜矿产于印支-燕山早期普朗复式斑岩体中。成矿流体来源广、盐度高,成矿温度从高温440℃到低温120℃,集中在160℃-240℃、280℃-320℃、340℃-380℃三阶段,多期次、多阶段性,与斑岩成矿作用特征一致。硫同位素3δ4SCDT‰T为（-2.23-3.75）‰,显示单一深源岩浆硫。岩体黑云母等40Ar-39Ar和矿石石英-辉钼矿Re-Os同位素年龄为206.4M a-213±3.8M a,属岛孤斑岩型铜矿床。  相似文献   

滇东北及毛坪铅锌矿遥感地质与成矿预测     

王雅丽  崔银亮 《云南地质》2010,29(4):438-443

根据遥感构造、含矿岩性地层、岩石蚀变异常等多种遥感地质信息,采用地质异常单元统计预测方法,对毛坪铅锌矿进行多元信息成矿预测,明确了找矿方向。  相似文献