新疆西天山查岗诺尔铁矿床环带石榴子石和绿帘石的发现及意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

冯浩轩  申萍  李昌昊  武阳  石福品  李文广 《矿床地质》2020,39(5):805-824

查岗诺尔铁矿是新疆西天山阿吾拉勒铁矿带内的重要大型铁矿床之一。矿体赋存在下石炭统大哈拉军山组安山质火山岩中,与普遍发育的石榴子石化、阳起石化和绿帘石化时空关系密切。石榴子石和绿帘石分属不同热液成矿阶段,它们均发育丰富的环带结构,具体表现为明显地颜色、干涉色、背散射图像及成分（FeO、Al₂O₃、SiO₂、MnO、TiO₂）等差异性。石榴子石具有2个世代、3个类型。早世代石榴子石（Grt1和Grt2）产于块状石榴子石-磁铁矿蚀变岩,呈褐黄色,粒度较细,发育核-边结构,呈非均质性,显示异常干涉色,其核部（Grt1-c）均匀相对富钙铝榴石（Gro_51-53And_41-43Spr_4-8）,而边部（Grt1-r）发育振荡成分环带,总体相对富钙铁榴石（Gro_18-35And_60-77Spr_4-6）;Grt2核部（Grt2-c）呈均质性,为钙铁榴石（And_99-100Spr_0-1）,边部显异常干涉色,发育振荡成分环带,为钙铝铁榴石（Gro_34-54And_38-61Spr_6-9）。晚世代的石榴子石（Grt3）以细脉状或角砾胶结物形式分布,呈红褐色,自形粗粒结构,显非均质性,发育振荡成分环带,端员组分总体以钙铁榴石为主,次为钙铝榴石（Gro_27-43And_50-68Spr_3-8）。石榴子石结构和元素含量变化表明,早期石榴子石形成于弱氧化-氧化、中性-碱性流体体系,其中向边部生长过程,由于新注入流体以及周期性压力汇聚和释放,体系的氧逸度、pH值呈振荡变化;晚期石榴子石形成于弱氧化、弱碱性、动荡的开放流体环境。绿帘石发育3个世代（Ep1、Ep2和Ep3）。Ep1发育核-边结构,核部（Ep1-c）均匀无环带,X_Fe值（X_Fe=Fe³⁺/（Al+Fe³⁺）,原子比值）为0.19~0.21,w（MnO）为0.05%~0.18%,w（TiO₂）为0.10%~0.12%,生长边（Ep1-r）多发育振荡环带,X_Fe值为0.26~0.29,w（MnO）为0.01%~0.14%,w（TiO₂）为0.19%~0.26%。Ep2沿Ep1-r边缘生长,不均匀且经历了溶解-再沉淀过程,X_Fe值为0.15~0.20,w（MnO）为0.42%~1.19%,w（TiO₂）为0.02%~0.07%。Ep3呈柱状或不规则粒状交代Ep2、贴近或穿切Ep1-r生长,较均匀、无环带结构,X_Fe值为0.28~0.37,w（MnO）为0.12%~0.77%,w（TiO₂）为0.02%~0.10%。绿帘石成分变化表明,从Ep1-c到Ep1-r,到Ep2,再到Ep3,流体体系氧逸度经历了先增加,后降低,再升高的变化过程。同时,流体成分也在变化,先从相对贫Ti和Mn向相对富Ti贫Mn演化,而后又变为富Mn贫Ti。因此,在热液磁铁矿矿化阶段,查岗诺尔铁矿的成矿热液的物理-化学环境是不断变化的。研究显示,石榴子石和绿帘石结构和成分研究可以刻画热液成矿系统的流体演化历史。  相似文献   

On the mechanism of resorption zoning in metamorphic garnet     

S. L. Hwang  P. Shen  T. F. Yui  H. T. Chu 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》2003,21(8):761-769

Abstract An analytical electron microscope study of almandine garnet from a metamorphosed Al–Fe‐rich rock revealed detailed composition profiles and defect microstructures of resorption zoning along fluid‐infiltrated veins and even into the garnet/ilmenite (inclusion) interface. This indicates a limited volume diffusion for the cations in substitution (mainly Ca and Fe) and an interface‐controlled partition for the extension of a composition‐invariant margin. A corrugated interface between the Ca‐rich margin/zone and the almandine garnet core is characterized by dislocation arrays and recovery texture further suggesting a resorption process facilitated by diffusion‐induced recrystallization, diffusion‐induced dislocation migration and diffusion–induced grain boundary migration. Integrated microstructural and chemical studies are essential for understanding the underlying mechanisms of processes such as garnet zoning and its modification. Without this understanding, it will not be possible to reliably use garnet compositions for thermobarometry and other applications that rely on garnet chemical information.  相似文献   

基于GIS的海口海岸带空间功能分区研究          下载免费PDF全文

张旭  张继伟  陈凤桂  温瑞  高宇 《海洋开发与管理》2021,38(5):35-41

随着沿海地区经济的快速发展,海岸带空间资源的利用将呈现多样化的特征。海岸带空间功能分区可以优化海岸带空间资源配置,统筹协调海岸带空间开发与保护格局,是海岸带资源可持续利用的重要基础。文章针对海岸带空间的特殊性,构建指标体系,对海口海岸带进行模糊综合评价,探讨海口海岸带空间适宜功能类型,并基于GIS 技术进行功能分区。结果表明：海口海岸带主要功能空间类型为旅游娱乐空间、城镇建设空间、农林渔牧空间和生态保护空间,其面积占比分别为16.84%、21.18%、22.54%、35.77%。其中生态保护空间面积最大,主要分布在海口市东部片区的东寨港。  相似文献   

基于主体功能区视角下新疆民生质量的区域差异及影响因素     

呼梦霞  杜宏茹  张小雷  杨晶  张璐 《干旱区地理》2017,40(3):655-663

主体功能区定位决定区域的发展方向和重点,各类型区逐步实现公共服务均等化,民生质量发展表现出一定的区域差异。本文基于新疆主体功能区规划和民生发展实际状况构建民生质量评价指标体系,运用熵值法计算2005 年和2014 年各主体功能类型区的民生质量,并结合差异贡献率动态分析各类型区民生差异的影响因素。结果表明：（1）各类型区民生质量存在显著差异,重点开发区最优,重点生态功能区最低;尤其是收入与消费、文化与教育和生态与环境方面水平差距日益拉大。（2）各类型区民生质量发展侧重点各有不同,在文化与教育方面呈现水平共同下滑趋势。（3）各因素对于影响类型区民生质量差异的作用效果不同,收入、消费、交通设施、信息化、医疗卫生和生态平衡水平等成为拉大民生差距的主要因素。（4）收入消费水平和交通设施水平对拉大类型区民生质量差距的强度最为突出,生态平衡水平和信息化水平对拉大差距的程度逐渐加强,社会保障水平和教育水平对缩小差距的作用最强。基于上述分析,对缩小新疆主体功能区民生发展差距,保障基本公共服务均等化提出相应对策建议。  相似文献   

Formation of elongated granite–migmatite domes as isostatic accommodation structures in collisional orogens     

《Journal of Geodynamics》2014

The mid-Carboniferous Pelhřimov core complex, Bohemian Massif, is a crustal-scale elongated granite–migmatite dome interpreted to have formed by gravity-driven diapiric upwelling of the metapelitic middle crust. The vertical diapiric flow is evidenced by outward-dipping foliation and lineation patterns, deformation coeval with the widespread presence of melt, rapid exhumation of the dome center from depths corresponding to pressure of about 0.6 GPa to shallow levels (pressure less than 0.2 GPa) within 2 M.y., and kinematic indicators of downward return flow of the mantling rocks. As compared to common diapirs, however, the Pelhřimov complex exhibits a more complicated inferred strain pattern with two perpendicular, irregularly alternating directions of horizontal extension in what is interpreted as the diapir head. Comparison of structural data from migmatites with anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) data in granites also reveals that only final increments of strain are recorded in the granites. The map dimensions and gravity image of the complex suggest that the diapiric upwelling affected a large portion of the orogen's interior between two microplates brought together during continental collision. The northwesterly microplate (the upper-crustal Teplá–Barrandian unit) collapsed vertically as an ‘elevator’ at around 346–337 Ma whereas the easterly microplate (Brunia) was underthrust beneath the Moldanubian rocks during ∼346–330 Ma (the indentor). It is suggested that these microplates then acted as cold and rigid margins localizing mid-crustal diapirism and associated voluminous S-type granite plutons inbetween, parallel to the edge of the Brunia indentor.We conclude that bringing together soft metapelitic middle crust with two rigid lithospheric blocks during collision resulted in significant lateral temperature and strength variations across the orogen's interior. A general conclusion from these inferences is that granite–migmatite domes delineating margins of collided microplates may form as crustal-scale structures accommodating late-orogenic isostatic reequilibration.  相似文献   

基于GIS技术的乐山市暴雨洪涝灾害风险区划研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

黄懿  代春梅 《高原山地气象研究》2014,34(1):62-67

利用乐山历史气象资料,综合乐山自然、社会经济与防灾资料,利用GIS技术和自然灾害风险指数,构建乐山暴雨洪涝灾害风险评价模型,对乐山暴雨洪涝风险的致灾因子危险性、孕灾环境敏感性、承灾体易损性、防灾能力多个因子定量分析,计算出全市范围暴雨洪涝灾害综合风险指数,并绘制了风险区划图。结果表明:乐山市中区、五通桥区、沙湾区、峨眉山市和夹江县的部分地区其暴雨洪涝灾害风险最大;金口河区、峨边县、马边县暴雨洪涝灾害风险最小。   相似文献   

贺兰山孔兹岩系的变质时代及其对华北克拉通西部陆块演化的制约   总被引：26，自引：18，他引：8  

周喜文  耿元生 《岩石学报》2009,25(8):1843-1852

贺兰山孔兹岩系作为华北克拉通西部孔兹岩带的重要组成部分,其变质时代问题一直悬而未决.利用SHRIMP锆石U-Pb定年技术,对贺兰山孔兹岩系中3个代表性富铝片麻岩(石榴堇青钾长片麻岩、石榴堇青二长片麻岩与石榴黑云斜长片麻岩)样品进行了精确定年.发现这3种岩石虽处不同层位,但其碎屑锆石年龄却非常集中,各测点207Pb/206Pb年龄总体变化在2.0～2.1Ga之间,加权平均年龄则在2017～2040Ma之间.这些碎屑锆石都具有岩浆结构特征,反映当时曾存在大规模花岗质岩浆活动,所成岩体为孔兹岩系沉积提供了充足物源.另有少量大于2.5Ga的碎屑锆石(2520～2949Ma),表明本区存在太古代岩浆活动记录.本区石榴堇青二长片麻岩中发育典型的变质增生锆石,其成因很可能与黑云母的脱水熔融反应有关.利用该锆石确定贺兰山孔兹岩系的变质时代为1950±8Ma.该时代与东部大青山、乌拉山孔兹岩系变质时代相同,表明华北克拉通西部的阴山地块与鄂尔多斯地块大体是以平行的方式正面拼贴到一起的,形成了目前的孔兹岩带.  相似文献   

流体包裹体研究:进展、地质应用及展望   总被引：8，自引：1，他引：7  

孙贺  肖益林 《地球科学进展》2009,24(10):1105-1121

在多数地质作用过程中,流体都担任着元素迁移的载体、化学反应的活化荆的角色.大量研究表明,岩石、矿物以及元素在有无流体的情况下会表现出迥异的物理和化学性质,所以对于认识某一地质过程而言,流体方面的研究往往能够提供极其重要的信息.流体包裹体则以其直接反映古流体的成分,在各种矿物中的普遍存在性,以及对各种后期改造有一定的抵抗力等特点而成为研究古地质流体的最佳样本,并已经被成功地应用到各种地质过程的研究中.从基本概念出发,讨论了流体包裹体的种类和原生、次生流体包裹体的区分,对流体包裹体的岩相学观察要点以及流体包裹体研究的最新进展做了简要的综述,着重介绍了研究中常用的分析方法及变质岩中流体包裹体的研究,并举例说明了流体包裹体在矿床学、石油地质学中的应用,以及近期的一些关于流体包裹体中保存生物标志和生物遗迹化石的研究,最后对未来流体包裹体研究的发展方向作了简单的展望.  相似文献   

P-T Paths Derived from Garnet Growth Zoning in Danba Domal Metamorphic Terrain, Sichuan Province, West China     

Cheng Suhua  Lai Xingyun  You Zhendong 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2009,20(2)

Danba (丹巴) domal metamorphic terrain belongs to Songpan (松潘)-Ganze (甘孜) orogenic belt, where typical Barrovian and Buchan metamorphic zones are preserved. The former included chlorite, biotite, garnet, staurolite, kyanite and sillimanite zones, while the latter only developed silimanite+muscovite and sillimanite+K-feldspar zones. Integrated study has been carried on metamorphic reactions of garnet production and consumption, P-T paths and P-T-X-M phase relation and thermal tectonic model for Danba metamorphic zones. Petrological textures in thin sections show that garnet production and consumption in kyanite-sillimanite zone is mainly attributed to ChI+Ms+PI+Q=Grt+Bt+H2O and kyanite=sillimanite respectively. Based on mineral compositions, the geothermobarometry gives an average P, T condition of (4.9±0.3)×108 Pa, 543±30℃ for the first growth stage of the garnet and (5.8±0.3)±108 Pa, 534±29 ℃ for the second stage of garnet growth respectively. Anti-counter clockwise P-T paths were drawn using Gibbs method by NCMnKFMASH system for sample G98686 in the kyanite zone. The P-T-X-M modeling for the first mineral assemblages shows that the prediction is similar to the measured values in gossular, almandine and spessartine but mole fraction of pyrope and Fe/(Fe+Mg) deviated far from the contours; while that for the second mineral assemblages exhibits that the prediction is consistent with the measured value of pyrope, grossular content and Fe/(Fe+Mg) of garnet. A thermal tectonic model that there are at least three structure levels across the thrnst-decollement zones is presented according to the P-T paths, metamorphic grades and deformation styles for the staurolite-kyanite zone of the Barroviau type metamorphism, which will provide some constraints for the evolution of the nappe complex.  相似文献   

GIS支持下的东川区泥石流危险度区划   总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2  

刘洪江  唐川  崔鹏 《干旱区地理》2005,28(4):445-449

在建立东川区泥石流信息系统的基础上,根据泥石流形成原因,初步选择面积、相对切割度、主沟沟床比降、相对高差、主沟长度、圆状率作为评价指标,利用东川区21条典型泥石流沟的数据,通过主成分分析,选择出面积、圆状率、相对高差三个指标,由主成分载荷得到危险度评价公式,在ARC／INFO和ARCVIEW软件的支持下,把东川区划分为60个评价单元,计算出各个单元内的危险度总分值,依据分值划分为四个级别,重度危险区、危险区、轻度危险区和基本无危险区,最后根据泥石流危险度区划原则,得到东川区泥石流危险度区划图。  相似文献