Effects of Salt on Microbial Populations and Treatment Performance in Purifying Saline Sewage Using the MUCT Process     

《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2009,37(8):649-656

  相似文献   

盘锦芦苇湿地土壤微生物特征分析   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9       下载免费PDF全文

赵先丽  周广胜  周莉  吕国红  贾庆宇  谢艳兵 《气象与环境学报》2006,22(4):64-67

基于盘锦湿地生态系统野外观测站芦苇群落生长季6～9月的定位观测资料,分析了芦苇湿地土壤微生物季节动态及其与环境因子的关系。结果表明:盘锦芦苇湿地的土壤细菌、放线菌、真菌以及微生物的总数在生长季节呈现出先减少、后增加的变化趋势。湿地的土壤细菌、放线菌以及微生物的总数在8月达到最小,而真菌数量在7月达到最小。湿地土壤中,细菌数量最大,其次是放线菌,最少的是真菌。对细菌、放线菌、真菌以及微生物总数与环境因子的相关分析表明,细菌、放线菌与微生物总数主要受水分影响,而真菌则受水分与气温的协同作用影响  相似文献   

Gewässergütebewertung und Bewertung von Abwasserfahnen in Rhein und Main auf der Basis mikrobieller Enzymaktivitäten     

A. Weßler  K. Dmgen  R. Hryk  U. Obst 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》1997,25(1):17-26

Quality Mapping of Surface Water and Assessment of Treated and Untreated Waste-water Inputs into the Rhine and Main River Based on Microbial Enzyme Activities Microbial enzyme activities are used for an extension of the traditional quality mapping of surface water. In the following study, the enzymatic parameters were proved and validated on samples from various creeks and rivers in Baden-Württemberg and on samples gathered from the Rhine and Main Rivers (Germany). The test parameters should also be used for the control and the preservation of the capacity of the biological self-purification, which is the only natural and essential process in drinking-water conditioning of surface water. Main subject of the surveys was the development of criteria for an assessment of the measured enzymatical inhibition effects. Therefore, classes of inhibition and indices of inhibition are defined.  相似文献   

Seasonal Changes in Nano/Micro-Zooplankton Herbivory and Heterotrophic Nano-Flagellates Bacterivory off Cape Esan, Southwestern Hokkaido, Japan     

Akiyoshi Shinada  Syuhei Ban  Tsutomu Ikeda 《Journal of Oceanography》2003,59(5):609-618

Seasonal changes in nano/micro-zooplankton grazing on pico-, nano- and micro-size phytoplankton and heterotrophic nano-flagellates (HNF) feeding on heterotrophic bacteria were quantified by the dilution technique in the surface layer off Cape Esan, southwestern Hokkaido, Japan. Pico- and nano-size phytoplankton were major components throughout the year except in spring when a diatom bloom was observed. Although there was little seasonal variation in bacteria and HNF biomass throughout the year, the micro-zooplankton biomass varied appreciably with a peak in spring. Nano/micro-zooplankton grazing or feeding on pico-size chl-a and bacteria were well balanced throughout the year. However, nano-size and micro-size chl-a growth were much greater than grazing in summer. Nano/micro-zooplankton ingestion of phytoplankton was greater than their ingestion of bacteria almost throughout the year, which suggests phytoplankton are more important as food sources of nano/micro-zooplankton in microbial food webs off Cape Esan than bacteria off Cape Esan. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

Preservation of dinosaur tracks induced by microbial mats in the Sousa Basin (Lower Cretaceous), Brazil     

《Cretaceous Research》2013

Dinosaur footprints and tracks in the Sousa Basin (Lower Cretaceous, Brazil) occur in at least 37 localities, in distinct stratigraphic positions. Footprints are rare in the Antenor Navarro (lower) and Rio Piranhas (upper) formations, where lithofacies analyses point to sedimentation in ancient alluvial fan to fluvial braided palaeoenvironments. In the Sousa Formation, the generally finer grain sized sediments rendered them more suitable for footprint preservation, where lithofacies analyses point to sedimentation in warm, small/shallow and temporary lakes, swamps and meandering fluvial palaeoenvironments. Microbially induced sedimentary structures are observed in many of the fine-grained lithofacies where dinosaur tracks are also found, and the large number of these tracks in the Sousa Basin (particularly in the Sousa Formation, Lower Cretaceous) may be related to the role of the mats in their preservation. Observations on recent microbial mats show that footprint morphology is related to the mat thickness and to the water content of the mat and the underlying sediment. In dry mats, generally poorly defined or no footprints are produced, while in saturated ones the imprints are well-defined, sometimes with well-defined displacement rims. The formation of well-defined displacement rims around the prints of large dinosaurs occurs in thick, plastic, moist to water-unsaturated microbial mats on top of moist to water-unsaturated sediment. These aspects are commonly observed in the tracks of the Passagem das Pedras site in the Sousa Basin. The footprint consolidation and its early lithification probably occurred due the existence of microbial mats that allowed a more cohesive substrate, preventing the footprints from erosion. The sediments were initially stabilized by early cementation and by the mat fabric over the tracks. Successive flooding, and subsequent sediment influx allowed the large number of layers with dinosaur tracks and sedimentary structures.  相似文献   

微生物异常探索江汉盆地江陵凹陷万城断裂带北部油气富集规律及有利区     

袁志华  赵青  张玉清  邓富强  秦晓蕾  张忠坡  李英贤  李秀荣 《地质论评》2021,67(3):67040011-67040011

江汉盆地江陵凹陷万城断裂带北部研究区,地表条件复杂,地震和钻井施工困难,油气富集规律还不甚清楚。因此,试图通过微生物找油方法,最小成本最高效率,以探明本研究区的油气富集规律。研究区面积约230.0 km2,采集样品间距南北500 m × 东西250 m,共采集并分析了样品2354个。研究表明,微生物异常主要分布在万城断层的东侧,其中微生物气异常零星分布,异常较弱,无独立气藏。在综合地质等资料的基础上,微生物异常分布特征表明,万城断裂带显示了来自北西和北东向的双向物源,油气来源于梅槐桥洼陷,属近源成藏。万城断裂带东侧和坡折带低位扇砂体是油气有利富集区,前景较好,主要为古近系新沟咀组成藏。万城断裂带西侧有小面积油藏,可能系白垩系成藏。最后,对微生物异常区进行了分级评价,指明了重点攻关区、评价有利和较有利区,对大幅降低勘探风险和提高勘探成功率,具有重大的社会经济效益和深远的现实意义。  相似文献   

塔里木盆地西北缘震旦系微生物白云岩地球化学、年代学特征及其地质意义     

郑剑锋  沈安江  杨翰轩  朱永进  梁峰 《岩石学报》2021,36(7):2189-2202

震旦系奇格布拉克组微生物白云岩是塔里木盆地寒武系盐下超深层重要的勘探领域之一,但目前该领域古沉积环境及孔隙形成的成岩环境认识仍然不足。本文以阿克苏地区西沟剖面为主要研究对象,精细描述了上震旦统奇格布拉克组,系统分析了 175块岩石薄片,并优选样品开展了白云石有序度、碳氧锶同位素、微量元素和激光U-Pb同位素年龄测试分析,得出以下认识:(1)明确了奇格布拉克组主要发育叠层石、凝块石、泡沫绵层石三种微生物岩和鲕粒、粘结颗粒两种与微生物作用相关的颗粒岩,自下而上的相序组合构成晚震旦世碳酸盐岩缓坡背景下的内缓坡潮坪,微生物丘滩沉积;(2)根据碳氧同位素计算的古盐度(Z)值和古温度(T)值分别指示古海水具有较高的盐度和相对温暖的温度;(3)较高的Sr含量和低V、Ni、Ba、Co含量指示相对干旱的气候背景,低∑REE、Mo、Cu、Co、Ba含量及相对高的Pb含量及~(87)Sr/~(86) Sr值指示晚震旦世古水深整体浅、离岸近,而相对低的V/(V+Ni)值、Ce弱负异常和低Cu、Zn含量则指示了弱氧化海水的特征;(4) 5个微生物白云岩的U-Pb同位素年龄(531±29Ma～619±38Ma)和9个与之对应的不同产状碳酸盐胶结物的年龄(516±20Ma～572±25Ma和174.3±4.7Ma)以及δ~(13)C、δ~(18)O值特征综合指示微生物白云岩储层的孔隙主要为原生孔和准同生期大气水溶蚀孔,经历震旦纪末表生岩溶作用的改造及燕山期埋藏热液胶结作用的破坏。以上研究成果对该领域的岩相古地理研究和储层成因认识具有重要意义。  相似文献   

黑潮源区沉积物微生物多样性初步研究     

魏玉利  王鹏  赵美训  张传伦 《地球科学进展》2010,25(2):212-219

从黑潮源区采集上层沉积物,进行DNA提取,以细菌和古菌的16S rDNA通用引物PCR扩增黑潮源区沉积物中细菌和古菌群落的16S rDNA,并构建细菌和古菌的16S rDNA文库,经限制性片段长度多态性分析(Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism,RFLP),DNA序列测定和系统发育分析,对黑潮源区表层沉积物的细菌和古菌多样性进行了研究。研究结果表明:黑潮源区细菌包括了变形杆菌(Proteobacteria)、酸杆菌(Acidbacterium)、浮霉菌(Planctanycene)、疣微菌(Verrucomicro-bia)和Candidate division OP8和拟杆菌(Bacteroidetes)共6个类群,其中变形杆菌是优势类群。古菌包括了泉古菌(Crenarchaeota)和广古菌(Euryarchaeota),其中泉古菌占优势;泉古菌包括MCG、C3、MBGA和MGI 4个类群,而广古菌包括SAGMEG、MBGE和MEG 3个类群,其中MBGE是优势类群。  相似文献   

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674987110000095   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Xiluo Hao  Kwunlun Leung  Rucheng Wang  Weidong Sun  Yiliang Li 《地学前缘(英文版)》2010,1(1):81-89

<正>Bauxite deposits are studied because of their economic value and because they play an important role in the study of paleoclimate and paleogeography of continents.They provide a rare record of the weathering and evolution of continental surfaces.Geomicrobiological analysis makes it possible to verify that microorganisms have played a critical role during the formation of bauxite with the possibility already intimated in previous studies.Ambient temperature,abundance of water,organic carbon and bioavailable iron and other metal substrates provide a suitable environment for microbes to inhabit.Thio-bacillus, Leptospirilum,Thermophilic bacteria and Heterotrophs have been shown to be able to oxidize ferrous iron and to reduce sulfate-generating sulfuric acid,which can accelerate the weathering of alumi-nosilicates and precipitation of iron oxyhydroxides.Microorganisms referred to the genus Bacillus can mediate the release of alkaline metals.Although the dissimilatory iron-reducing and sulfate-reducing bacteria in bauxites have not yet been identified,some recorded authigenic carbonates and "bacteriopyrites" that appear to be unique in morphology and grain size might record microbial activity.Typical bauxite minerals such as gibbsite,kaolinite,covellite,galena,pyrite,zircon,calcium plagioclase,orthoclase, and albite have been investigated as part of an analysis of microbial mediation.The paleoecology of such bauxitic microorganisms inhabiting continental(sub) surfaces,revealed through geomicrobiolo-gical analysis,will add a further dimension to paleoclimatic and paleoenvironmental studies.  相似文献   

The impacts of pasture- and manure-spreading on microbial groundwater quality in carbonate aquifers   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Celico  F.  Musilli  I.  Naclerio  G. 《Environmental Geology》2004,46(2):233-236

Hydrogeological and microbiological research is in progress to analyze the interaction between groundwater and microbial pollutants, produced by pasture and/or manure spreading, in the areas of different carbonate aquifers of southern Italy. Several springs and wells were studied, and the precipitation, the discharge, the groundwater level and the classic microbial indicators of pollution were monitored weekly or daily. The experimental results show that the pasture and the manure spreading produced microbial contamination of the groundwater, even if runoff infiltration in swallow holes does not exist. The time dependence of microbial contamination shows a series of peaks irregularly distributed, related to the precipitation that produce effective infiltration.  相似文献