ESR/U-series dating of faunal remains from the paleoanthropological site of Biache-Saint-Vaast (Pas-de-Calais,France)     

《Quaternary Geochronology》2015

Discovered accidently during factory building construction works, the Middle Palaeolithic site of Biache-Saint-Vaast (Pas-de-Calais, France) was excavated from 1976 to 1982 by a team of Lille University directed by Alain Tuffreau. An abundant archaeological and paleontological material, including two human skulls, was there recovered from fossil alluvial deposits of the Scarpe River. In order to determine the ages of these remains, the ESR/U-series method was applied on bone and teeth. As the U-series data obtained of the main part of the analyzed tissues do not allow the use of the classical US-ESR model, the recently proposed AU-ESR model, taking into account if necessary U-leaching from some of the tissues, was used to calculate combined ESR/U-series ages for these samples. The obtained ages suggest a MIS7 attribution to the faunal remains and permit an age of ca 240 ka to be assigned for the human remains and associated archaeological material, in accordance with the stratigraphic data and the large mammal associations.  相似文献   

Optical dating of flowstone and silty carbonate-rich sediments from Panxian Dadong Cave,Guizhou, southwestern China     

《Quaternary Geochronology》2015

Panxian Dadong Cave located in the western Guizhou is a very important Paleolithic site in China. At this site bone and stone artifacts, human teeth and mammalian fossils (known as Ailuropoda-Stegodon fauna) were found, and the site was previously dated to 120–300 ka using ESR/uranium-series methods. In this study, we successfully extracted fine quartz grains from flowstone and silty carbonate-rich sediments in the excavated area. The quartz extracts displayed excellent luminescence properties, and satisfied the SAR (single-aliquot regenerative dose method) acceptance criteria. The sensitivity-corrected OSL signals are not saturated at a dose up to about 1400 Gy. The cultural unit was OSL dated to 190–300 ka, corresponding to MISs 7–8. The flowstone deposits overlying the cultural unit were determined to be 13–190 ka and the silty carbonate-rich sediments underlying the cultural unit to be 300–360 ka. The optical ages are in general agreement with the coupled ESR/U-series and U-series ages.  相似文献   

青海木里聚乎更天然气水合物潜在区中侏罗世岩相古地理特征     

邵龙义  杨致宇  李永红  商晓旭  王伟超  吕景高  文怀军 《现代地质》2015,29(5):1061-1072

青海聚乎更矿区不仅赋存丰富的煤炭资源,同时也是全球陆域中纬度高海拔地区天然气水合物的首要发现地,同时也是我国非常规天然气(煤层气和页岩气)勘探开发的潜在热点地区,且天然气水合物勘探的层位主要为中侏罗世含煤岩系。通过对青海聚乎更矿区中侏罗世含煤地层野外露头、钻孔岩心、测井等资料整理分析的基础上,对研究区内中侏罗世含煤岩系沉积时期的沉积环境及古地理进行了分析。以定量和定性分析相结合的方法对研究区岩相古地理进行重建。以钻孔沉积相分析为基础,结合单因素分析多因素综合作图法及研究区目的层段沉积相断面图分析,最终恢复各段沉积期的岩相古地理格局。木里组下段岩性主要为细砾岩、含砾粗砂岩及粗砂岩等粗粒岩性,分析认为木里组下段主要发育辫状河沉积;木里组上段随着水体的不断加深,发育形成 了研究区主采的下1、下2煤层,该段主要以三角洲沉积为主,同时研究区西南区域发育滨浅湖沉积;江仓组上段沉积时期,水体进一步加深,成煤环境逐渐变差,发育形成多套薄煤层,以三角洲沉积为主,西南区域的滨浅湖沉积范围进一步扩大;江仓组上段是发现水合物的主要层段,其岩性主要以油页岩、暗色泥岩等为主,含有典型的湖泊沉积的瓣鳃类化石,为湖泊沉积。总体上,聚乎更矿区在中侏罗世经历了辫状河、三角洲平原、三角洲前缘、滨浅湖、半深湖-深湖的持续变深的演化过程。  相似文献   

Phosphate-rich deposits associated with the Mio-Pliocene unconformity in south-east Australia     

JULIE A. DICKINSON  MALCOLM W. WALLACE 《Sedimentology》2009,56(2):547-565

Phosphates are present on the surface of the Mio-Pliocene unconformity in the Otway, Port Phillip and Gippsland basins of south-east Australia. The phosphates occur as lenticular lag deposits and include reworked phosphatic intraclasts, vertebrate bone and teeth. In situ phosphatized burrows are also found in sediments of Late Miocene and Early Pliocene age. The phosphatic intraclasts on the unconformity are interpreted as reworked phosphatized burrows derived from latest Miocene sediments (6 to 5 Ma). The phosphatization of these intraclasts is temporally related to the unconformity. The timing of phosphogenesis coincides with a period of transgression across the south-east Australian margin following Late Miocene uplift. This transgression is responsible for initial marine erosion of the underlying Miocene sequence, creation of a period of very slow sedimentation that was favourable to phosphate formation and subsequent deposition of the latest Miocene through to Pliocene sediments. The continental weathering of the uplifted highlands adjacent to the sedimentary basins, global phosphorus enrichment in the Late Miocene oceans and localized upwelling may all have contributed to phosphatization in south-eastern Australia.  相似文献   

Drowning history of a Miocene carbonate platform (Zhujiang Formation, South China Sea)   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Ute Sattler  Adrian Immenhauser  Wolfgang Schlager  Valentina Zampetti   《Sedimentary Geology》2009,219(1-4):318-331

The identification and interpretation of drowning events in the geologic record can aid significantly to the reconstruction of the depositional, tectonic and eustatic history of a study area and often improve reservoir and seal prediction in carbonate rocks. The differentiation between drowned platforms showing a record of continuous deepening and those with a record of exposure followed by rapid deepening remains, however, problematic. The Zhujiang carbonate platform (Liuhua 11-1 field, South China Sea) study shown here provides an example of an integrated approach combining high-resolution geochemistry, microfacies analyses and foraminiferal biostratigraphy in order to improve the reconstruction of environmental conditions prior, during and after platform demise and drowning. The Zhujiang carbonate platform displays the following vertical succession of four facies types i) skeletal grain facies with a miogypsinid/lepidocyclinid-dominated fauna deposited in a moderately deep (< 50 m), oligotrophic back-reef setting; ii) in situ corals in patch-reef facies in an oligotrophic lagoon (< 10 m); iii) rhodoid facies with in situ red algal crusts, dominated by Heterostegina sp. and spiroclypeids, possibly capped by a subaerial exposure surface. Well-rounded rhodoids representing a mesotrophic lagoon dominate the upper portions of the rhodoid facies; iv) pelagic marine shales of the Hanjiang Formation burying the carbonate platform after drowning. This facies succession, in combination with geochemical evidence suggests a deepening-upward trend. This trend might have been interrupted by transient subaerial exposure but no evidence for meteoric diagenesis was found at the drowning unconformity topping the carbonate platform. Instead, microfacies analyses suggest that platform demise may be related to progressive changes in environmental conditions, including increasing nutrient-levels and/or decreasing temperature up-core towards the drowning unconformity. These findings are of significance for those concerned with Miocene carbonate factories and, more specifically, the demise of carbonate platforms in general.  相似文献   

Evaluation of bulk carbonate δ¹³C data from Triassic hemipelagites and the initial composition of carbonate mud     

NEREO PRETO†  CHRISTOPH SPÖTL†‡  CHIARA GUAIUMI 《Sedimentology》2009,56(5):1329-1345

Bulk carbonate samples of hemipelagic limestone–marl alternations from the Middle and Upper Triassic of Italy are analysed for their isotopic compositions. Middle Triassic samples are representative of the Livinallongo Formation of the Dolomites, while Upper Triassic hemipelagites were sampled in the Pignola 2 section, within the Calcari con Selce Formation of the Southern Apennines in Southern Italy. Triassic hemipelagites occur either as nodular limestones with chert nodules or as plane‐bedded limestone–marl alternations which are locally silicified. In the Middle Triassic Livinallongo Formation, diagenetic alteration primarily affected the stable isotopic composition of sediment surrounding carbonate nodules, whereas the latter show almost pristine compositions. Diagenesis lowered the carbon and oxygen isotope values of bulk carbonate and introduced a strong correlation between δ¹³C and δ¹⁸O values. In the Middle Triassic successions of the Dolomites, bulk carbonate of nodular limestone facies is most commonly unaltered, whereas carbonate of the plane‐bedded facies is uniformly affected by diagenetic alteration. In contrast to carbonate nodules, plane‐bedded facies often show compaction features. Although both types of pelagic carbonate rocks show very similar petrographic characteristics, scanning electron microscopy studies reveal that nodular limestone consists of micrite (< 5 μm in diameter), whereas samples of the plane‐bedded facies are composed of calcite crystals ca 10 μm in size showing pitted, polished surfaces. These observations suggest that nodular and plane‐bedded facies underwent different diagenetic pathways determined by the prevailing mineralogy of the precursor sediment, i.e. probably high‐Mg calcite in the nodular facies and aragonite in the case of the plane‐bedded facies. Similar to Middle Triassic nodular facies, Upper Triassic nodular limestones of the Lagonegro Basin are also characterized by uncorrelated δ¹³C and δ¹⁸O values and exhibit small, less than 5 μm size, crystals. The alternation of calcitic and aragonitic precursors in the Middle Triassic of the Dolomites is thought to mirror rapid changes in the type of carbonate production of adjacent platforms. Bioturbation and dissolution of metastable carbonate grains played a key role during early lithification of nodular limestone beds, whereby early stabilization recorded the carbon isotopic composition of sea water. The bulk carbonate δ¹³C values of Middle and Upper Triassic hemipelagites from Italy agree with those of Tethyan low‐Mg calcite shells of articulate brachiopods, confirming that Triassic hemipelagites retained the primary carbon isotopic composition of the bottom sea water. A trend of increasing δ¹³C from the Late Anisian to the Early Carnian, partly seen in the data set presented here, is also recognized in successions from tropical palaeolatitudes elsewhere. The carbon isotopic composition of Middle and Upper Triassic nodular hemipelagic limestones can thus be used for chemostratigraphic correlation and palaeoenvironmental studies.  相似文献   

Tufa as a record of perennial fresh water in a semi-arid rift basin, Kapthurin Formation, Kenya     

CARA ROURE JOHNSON  GAIL M. ASHLEY†  CAROL B. DE WET‡  RACHEL DVORETSKY‡  LISA PARK§  VICTORIA C. HOVER¶  R. Bernhart Owen  SALLY MCBREARTY 《Sedimentology》2009,56(4):1115-1137

Lithological and biological features of a fossiliferous tufa in the Kapthurin Formation, Baringo, Kenya, reveal the presence of a lush wetland in a semi-arid environment during the Middle Pleistocene ( ca 500 ka) in this portion of the East African Rift Valley. Four geological sections, each between 3 m and 8 m in thickness, exposed over a distance of 0·5 km, reveal a 1 to 2 m thick paludal tufa which is composed of three carbonate beds, two dark grey silty claystones and a reddish-brown silty palaeosol. High resolution stratigraphic analysis, carbonate petrography, stable isotope and elemental geochemistry, clay mineralogy and fossil remains (molluscs, ostracods, diatoms and charophytes) reveal a ground water-fed system that fluctuated in depth and periodically disappeared altogether. Oxygen isotope ratios (δ¹⁸O) of tufa matrix range from −4·5‰ to −8·0‰ (Vienna Pee Dee Belemnite) and become more positive up section, indicating the decreasing influence of fault-related fluids and increasing residence time or freshness of wetland water, rather than evaporative enrichment. This spring was situated on a lake margin during low lake levels, thrived during periods of increased ground water input and was ultimately replaced by an alkaline lake. The wetland would appear to have existed during a cool interval within the generally warm Marine Isotope Stage 13 or perhaps during the warm second half of Marine Isotope Stage 13. The ground water source of this wetland arose through a fault system. Thus, the position of the tufa deposit is controlled structurally but the timing and duration of the wetland system may have been influenced by both climatic and tectonic factors.  相似文献   

Late Middle Jurassic (Late Bathonian-early Callovian) radiolarian cherts from the Neotethyan Bornova flysch zone, Spil Mountains, Western Turkey   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

U. Kagan Tekin  M. Cemal Goncuoglu 《Stratigraphy and Geological Correlation》2009,17(3):298-308

Alternating radiolarian cherts and mudstones associated with basaltic lavas occur in a olistolith within the Late Cretaceous Bornova Flysch in W Anatolia. Cherts yielded diverse and moderately preserved, Nassellaria-dominated radiolarian faunas of late Bathonian-early Callovian age. Associated volcanic rocks are geochemically classified as remnants of oceanic seamounts. This is so far the first late Middle Jurassic age from the crust of the Neotethyan Izmir-Ankara Ocean in W Anatolia, and suggests that its spreading started earlier. Similar ages were reported from the Vardar and Meliata-Hallstadt Tethyan oceanic branches in Greece and Serbia, which also opened in Late Triassic but closed earlier. Published in Russian in Stratigrafiya. Geologicheskaya Korrelyatsiya, 2009, Vol. 17, No. 3, pp. 70–80. The article is published in the original.  相似文献   

新疆天山干沟加里东花岗岩构造环境   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

周汝洪  刘正荣  裴江平  邓东松  孙江华  陶玲 《新疆地质》2009,27(4)

传统研究将新疆天山干沟段博罗科努带花岗岩划为石炭纪或泥盆纪,中天山花岗片麻岩划为加里东期~([1,2]).本文根据1:5万区调成果,将其分别厘定为志留纪和前寒武纪~①.论证了志留纪干沟序列花岗岩构造环境.其序列组成为石英闪长岩-花岗闪长岩/斜长花岗岩/英云闪长岩-二长花岗岩组合,二长花岗岩略多,地球化学特征具典型造山花岗岩特征,K-Na-Ca图解中性段具英云闪长岩趋势,酸性段呈钙碱性趋势,其构造环境为大陆弧.据花岗岩中的斜长石内高岭土和绢云母结晶形态,辨识出研究区志留纪干沟序列花岗岩具绿片岩相变质.  相似文献   

A New Basal Neoceratopsian Dinosaur from the Middle Cretaceous of Jilin Province,China   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

JIN Liyong  CHEN Jun  ZAN Shuqin  Pascal GODEFROIT 《《地质学报》英文版》2009,83(2):200-206

A new basal neoceratopsian dinosaur, Helioceratops brachygnathus gen. et sp. nov., is described from the Quantou Formation (late Early Cretaceous or early Late Cretaceous) in the Liufangzi locality (Jilin province, China). Helioceratops differs from other basal neoceratopsians with its deep dentary ramus, its steeply-inclined ventral predentary facet, its heterogeneous dentary crowns, and by the denticles and secondary ridges asymmetrically distributed on either side of the primary ridge on its dentary teeth. Along with Auroraceratops and Yamaceratops, Helioceratops represents one of the most derived non-coronosaurian neoceratopsians. The palaeogeographical distribution of basal neoceratopsians appears limited to northern China and southern Mongolia in the current state of our knowledge. It is therefore probable that this region constituted the birthplace for more advanced, Late Cretaceous Coronosauria.  相似文献