Conservation-induced resettlement as a driver of land cover change in India: An object-based trend analysis     

《Applied geography (Sevenoaks, England)》2016

Located in the foothills of the Indian Himalaya, Rajaji National Park was established to protect and enhance the habitat of the Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) and tiger (Panthera tigris). In 2002 the Van Gujjars, indigenous forest pastoralists, were voluntarily resettled from the Chilla Range (an administrative unit of Rajaji National Park) to Gaindikhata, a nearby area where they were granted land for agriculture. In this study we used a variety of remote sensing approaches to identify changes in land cover associated with the resettlement. The methods comprise two main approaches. First, we used object-based image analysis (OBIA) to identify the pre-resettlement land cover classes of use areas (representing agricultural expansion and adjacent areas of grazing, and collection of fuelwood and fodder) and recovery areas (representing areas where settlements were removed, and the adjacent areas of resource use). Secondly, we used trend analysis to assess the gradual and abrupt changes in vegetation that took place in use and recovery areas. To conduct the trend analysis we used BFAST (Breaks For Additive Season and Trend), which separates seasonal variation from long-term trends, and identifies breaks that can be linked back to disturbances or land cover changes. We found that the OBIA classification yielded high average class accuracies, and we were able to make class distinctions that would have been difficult to make using a traditional pixel-based approach. Pre-resettlement, the recovery areas were classified as mixed forest and riparian vegetation. In contrast, the use areas were classified primarily as grass dominated, brush dominated, and plantation forest, and were located relatively far away from riparian areas. Following the resettlement, the trend analysis showed a sudden change in the seasonal variation of NDVI in areas converted to agriculture. Areas neighboring the new agricultural land experienced sudden decreases in NDVI, suggestive of disturbances, at a higher rate than the same land cover types elsewhere. At the same time, these neighboring areas experienced a gradual overall increase in NDVI which could be caused by an expansion of leafy invasive shrubs such as Lantana camara in areas heavily used for biomass collection. The recovery areas also experienced a gradual increase in NDVI as well as sudden breaks to this trend, but we lacked evidence to connect these changes to the resettlement. Our findings support the claim that the resettlement has shifted pressure from more ecologically valuable to less ecologically valuable land cover types, and suggest that to some degree resource use pressure has increased outside the park. The study employs a novel synthesis of OBIA and trend analysis that could be applied to land change studies more broadly.  相似文献   

基于Ma PObjects的油气地质信息与评价系统的设计与实现     

刘世翔  薛林福 《测绘科学》2007,32(2):151-152,148

以往的油气资源评价系统主要是在商用地理信息系统软件平台上开发出来的,其主要缺点就是专业应用模型与系统平台之间不能实现无缝集成。鉴于此,笔者设计实现了基于组件式地理信息系统技术的油气地质信息与评价系统,实现了油气地质信息管理模型与地理信息系统之间的有机结合。利用ESRI公司生产的Ma POb-jects组件,开发出具有通用地理信息系统功能和油气地质信息管理功能的应用系统。该系统可以实现油气地质信息管理、分析和评价等常用功能。  相似文献   

中国海岛县经济类型划分的研究   总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13  

张耀光 《地理科学》1999,19(1):55-62

对我国１２个海岛县经济类型划分的研究,了解目前海岛县所处不同的经济结构演进阶段,为因岛制宜布局海岛的产业及经济发展过程中产业结构调整提供科学依据。采用海岛县三次产业结构的重心轨迹的变化,动态和定量的分析海岛县三次产业结构的演进过程,从而划分出海岛县经济类型。  相似文献   

Integration of Sparse Geologic Information in Gold Targeting Using Logistic Regression Analysis in the Hutti–Maski Schist Belt,Raichur, Karnataka,India—A Case Study     

Sahoo  Nihar Ranjan  Pandalai  Hari Shankar 《Natural Resources Research》1999,8(3):233-250

Logistic regression has been used in the study to integrate indicator patterns for estimation of the probability of occurrence of gold deposits in a part of the auriferous Archaean Hutti–Maski schist belt. Data used consist of categorical and continuous variables obtained from a coded lineament map and geochemical anomaly maps of the pathfinder elements of gold in soil and groundwater. Main effects and interactions of the variables studied were used in formulating the logistic regression model. Regression models using lineament-proximity data, combined with soil and groundwater geochemical anomalies were tested on parts of the schist belt with data not used in estimation of model parameters. Predicted probabilities greater than 0.9 identified known deposit locations in the area.  相似文献   

乌尔米耶盐湖的综合利用          下载免费PDF全文

马培华  李海民  张彭熹 《盐湖研究》1999,(1)

伊郎乌尔米耶盐湖是中东地区最大的盐湖之一。本文针对该湖卤水的和当地自然地理条件,对其卤水中钾,钠,溴,镁等资源综合利用的可能性,合理的开发规模,可行的化学加工路线,未来建厂的选址,环境问题及技术经济可行性等问题进行了研究。结果表明,该湖的溴和钠资源具有重要的开发价值。  相似文献   

滇东北山区土地资源开发利用战略Ⅰ.土地资源特点、利用现状及潜力     

杨子生  贺梅 《山地学报》1999,(Z1)

分析了本区土地资源的基本特点、利用现状、存在问题及土地开发利用潜力。  相似文献   

Application of Mineral Exploration Models and GIS to Generate Mineral Potential Maps as Input for Optimum Land-Use Planning in the Philippines   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Carranza  Emmanuel John M.  Mangaoang  Jerrysal C.  Hale  Martin 《Natural Resources Research》1999,8(2):165-173

The inherent problems of classifying or inventorying potential mineral resources (as opposed to known mineral resources) pose specific challenges. In this paper, the application of a conceptual mineral exploration model and GIS to generate mineral potential maps as input to land-use policy decision-making is illustrated. We implement the criteria provided by a conceptual exploration model for nickeliferous-laterites by using a GIS to classify the nickeliferous-laterite potential of an area in the northeastern part of the Philippines. The spatial data inputs to the GIS are geological map data, topographic map data, and stream sediment point data. Processing of these data yields derivative maps, which are used as indicators of nickeliferous-laterite potential. The indicator maps then are integrated to furnish a nickeliferous-laterite potential map. This map is compared with present land-use classification and policy in the area. The results indicate high potential for nickeliferous-laterite occurrence in the area, but the zones of potential are in places where mineral resources development is prohibited. The prohibition was imposed before the nickeliferous-laterite potential was assessed by this study. Mineral potential classification therefore is a critical input to land-use policy-making so that prospective land is not alienated from future mineral resource development.  相似文献   

和田河流域水资源与生态环境变化及其对策研究   总被引：8，自引：1，他引：7  

刘志辉  谢永琴  穆建军  樊夙昱 《干旱区地理》1999,22(3):51-56

和田河流域光,热,水、土地资源丰富,农牧业 潜力很大,然而该流域生态环境极其脆弱,环境灾害多发,水资源开发利用及区域发展不可避免地其生态环境产生很大影响。本文从多个侧面阐述了该流域水资源与生态环境的相互关系和影响,并提出了相应的对策和建议。  相似文献   

乌鲁木齐河灌区水资源利用及可持续管理   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

王吉新 《干旱区地理》1999,22(4):22-28

通过对乌鲁木齐河灌区历年供水和用水状况分析,提出了该灌区水资源可持续利用的对策,并针对城市用水逐年增加与水资源供需矛盾日益突出的形势,从水份分析入手,从水资源可持续管理的角度,提出了水资源高效利用与管理的对策 。  相似文献   

中国沙漠和沙地的资源优势与农业发展   总被引：7，自引：3，他引：4  

肖洪浪  李福兴  龚家栋  赵雪  屈建军 《中国沙漠》1999,19(3):199-205

人口、粮食、土地之间的矛盾已成为今后我国几十年的主要问题。我国后备土地资源的68%分布在干旱、半干旱地区,其中沙漠和沙地面积辽阔,类型繁多,涉及212个县(旗)、48×106人。我国的沙漠和沙地具备适度开发利用的水资源依托,具有灌溉、雨养和高寒农业等特殊环境,是栽培作物和养殖家畜的集中区,许多尚无饲养或尚无栽培种类可以取代的野生动植物具有独特经济价值和高度的抗性。我国的沙地持续利用技术体系已初步建立,形成了一整套具有中国特色的流沙固定技术,结合各地的具体条件创建了许多成功的区域开发治理模式。沙漠和沙地开发必须摆脱传统的农业利用模式,依靠科技进步,多采光、少用水,结合资源条件、市场需求、投资能力,有计划、有步骤地规模开发。  相似文献