Degradation of Linear Alkyl Benzene Using an Immobilized Nano TiO2 Photocatalytic Reactor: Process Analysis and Modeling          下载免费PDF全文

Hadis Zangeneh  Ali Akbar Lorestani Zinatizadeh  Mostafa Feyzi 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2016,44(1):78-88

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兰坪盆地西缘沉积岩容矿脉状Cu-Ag-Pb-Zn多金属矿床成矿时代          下载免费PDF全文

张锦让  温汉捷  裘愉卓  邹志超 《高校地质学报》2016,22(2):219

兰坪盆地是中国著名的三江构造-成矿带的重要组成部分。兰坪盆地西缘发育大量沉积岩容矿脉状Cu-Ag-Pb-Zn多 金属矿床,矿体的分布受一个逆冲推覆构造控制。逆冲推覆构造的根部带主要发育脉状Cu-Ag（Mo） 矿床（包括金满 Cu-Ag、连城Cu-Mo及一系列脉状Cu矿床）;前锋带主要发育Pb-Zn-Ag（±Cu） 矿床（包括白秧坪Pb-Zn-Ag-Cu多金属矿 集区及一系列小型的Pb-Zn矿床)。为了探讨兰坪盆地西缘脉状Cu-Ag-Pb-Zn多金属矿床成矿时代,该文在系统总结前人年 代学数据的基础上,补充进行了金满Cu矿床与黄铜矿密切共生的方解石的Sm-Nd法和连城Cu-Mo矿床成矿早阶段辉钼矿 的Re-Os法测年。金满Cu矿床方解石Sm-Nd等时线年龄为58±5 Ma,连城Cu-Mo矿床Re-Os年龄为48±2 Ma,结合前人的资 料表明：（1） 根部带Cu矿床主成矿时代为56~48 Ma,对应于印度-亚洲大陆碰撞造山主碰撞阶段,后期（47~35 Ma） 很可 能存在一期Cu-Ag（Mo） 的叠加或改造成矿作用;（2） 前锋带Pb-Zn-Ag（±Cu） 多金属矿床的成矿作用主要发生在31~29 Ma 左右,对应于印度-亚洲大陆碰撞造山的晚碰撞构造转换期。  相似文献   

罗布泊腾龙台地第四系含钾盐类矿物赋存特征分析     

顾新鲁  陆成新  曾永刚  宋文杰 《新疆地质》2009,27(4)

罗布泊腾龙台地第四系盐类矿物中部分地段含钾,局部已达工业品位.本文从含钾盐类矿物的主要赋存层位及分布特征入手,在大量观察钻孔岩心和薄片、样品测试基础上,对第四纪含盐系,尤其是含钾盐类矿物赋存特征和分布进行分析,初步总结了3种成矿模式,从沉积时代学角度分析了今后固体钾盐找矿方向.  相似文献   

The Potential for Environmentally Sound Development of Marine Deposits of Potassic and Phosphatic Minerals Offshore,Southern Africa     

S. K. P. Coles  C. I. Wright  D. A. Sinclair  P. Van den Bossche 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2013,31(2):87-110

Extensive potassium and phosphorous-rich mineralization occurs on the outer continental shelf of the southern and west coasts of South Africa and Nambia. This article reviews the potential of exploiting these deposits in an environmentally sound manner for the manufacture of fertilizer. At present, reserves of potash and phosphate fertilizer are exploited from terresterial deposits, the majority being surface mined. The use of fertilizer in South Africa has shown no growth in the past 13 years, and, in some years, usage has even declined. On average, over the last decade, South Africa has consumed 2 million Mt of fertilizer (including nitrogen) per annum, the vast majority of phosphate fertilizer being produced by FOSKOR from the Phalaborwa Igneous Complex. Potash fertilizer is imported into South Africa. Although fertilizer consumption is expected to decrease in the short-term, there are good future prospects for the domestic and international fertilizer market. Considerable research into both glauconitic (containing K 2 O) and phosphatic deposits along the southern African continental shelf indicate that these sedimentary deposits have a complex genesis and mineralization. Of the total K 2 O reserves of 1300 million Mt on the southern African margin, 1000 million Mt is located off the southern African west coast, and the remainder situated on the Agulhas Bank. The largest glauconite concentration ( - 300 million Mt K 2 O) off southern Africa lies west of Saldanha Bay, South Africa. The distribution of P 2 O 5 off southern Africa is dominated by the vast deposit between Walvis Bay and Luderitz, Nambia. This reserve is estimated to contain 1000 million Mt of greater than 5% P 2 O 5 in a relatively small area of about 10000 km2. The phosphorite deposit south of Saldanha Bay constitutes a reserve of - 3500 million Mt of apatite and the deposit on the Agulhas Bank comprises 5500 million Mt. The phosphate deposit off Saldanha Bay occurs as an extensive, low to medium grade deposit. Although vast resources of potash and phosphatic minerals occur along the southern African outer continental shelf the expensive nature of marine exploitation may render most of these deposits, especially the phosphates, subeconomic. The low price of fertilizer andextensive natureontheonland deposits, although confined to asmallnumber of countries, mean that it will not be financially viable to extract these deposits. Assuming high grade glauconitic sand with the right composition can be located, the high market price indicates good future prospects for these potash deposits.  相似文献   

新疆博州地区地下水水化学成分特征灰关联分析          下载免费PDF全文

陈志军  朱健  张晶 《盐湖研究》2009,17(1)

依据新疆博州地区20处地下水水样的水质化验数据,应用关联分析与相关分析相结合的分析方法,分析了地下水样中几种成分与总硬度、总碱度、电导率及矿化度4个指标之间的关系。结果表明,总硬度变化主要受Mg2+影响,水中HCO3-含量与总碱度关系密切,电导率主要受SO42-影响,SO42-与Cl-对矿化度有较大影响。通过相关分析,发现它们之间线性相关性较好。  相似文献   

基于Aster和Landsat8数据在青海赛什腾地区蚀变信息提取研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王曦  程三友  林海星  陈静  肖良 《地质论评》2022,68(1):262-280

青海赛什腾地区位于无人区,穿越条件极差,传统地质找矿勘探工作难以开展,因其植被稀少,有利于多光谱遥感数据提取矿化蚀变信息.本文以Landsat8和Aster数据为数据源,利用成像光谱法和主成分分析法对赛什腾地区进行矿化蚀变信息的提取,成像光谱法包括最小噪声变换(MNF),像元纯净指数(PPI),n维可视化端元识别(n-...  相似文献   

Arterial faults and their role in mineralizing systems     

《地学前缘(英文版)》2019,10(6):2093-2100

In quartzo-feldspathic continental crust with moderate-to-high heat flow,seismic activity extends to depths of 10-20 km,bounded by isotherms in the 350-450 C range.Fluid overpressuring above hydrostatic in seismogenic crust,is heterogeneous but tends to develop in the lower seismogenic zone(basal seismogenic zone reservoir=b.s.z.reservoir) where the transition between hydrostatically pressured and overpressured crust is likely an irregular,time-dependent.3-D interface with overpressuring concentrated around active faults and their ductile shear zone roots.The term Arterial Fault is applied to fault structures that root in portions of the crust where pore fluids are overpressured(i.e.at hydrostatic pressure) and serve as feeders for such fluids and their contained solutes into overlying parts of the crust.While arterial flow may occur on any type of fault,it is most likely to be associated with reverse faults in areas of horizontal compression where fluid overpressuring is most easily sustained.Frictional stability and flow permeability of faults are both affected by the state of stress on the fault(shear stress,τ;normal stress,σ_n),the level of pore-fluid pressure,P_f,and episodes of fault slip,allowing for a complex interplay between fault movement and fluid flow.For seismically active faults the time dependence of permeability is critical,leading to fault-valve behaviour whereby overpressures accumulate at depth during interseismic intervals with fluid discharged along enhanced fault-fracture permeability following each rupture event.Patterns of mineralization also suggest that flow along faults is non-uniform,concentrating along tortuous pathways within the fault surface.Equivalent hydrostatic head above ground level for near-lithostatic overpressures at depth(1.65×depth of zone) provides a measure of arterial potential.Settings for arterial faults include fault systems developed in compacting sedimentary basins,faults penetrating zones of active plutonic intrusion that encounter overpressured fluids exsolved from magma,together with those derived from contact metamorphism of fluid-rich wallrocks,and/or from regional devolatilisation accompanying prograde metamorphism.Specially significant are active faults within accretionary prisms rooted into overpressured subduction interfaces,and steep reverse faults activated by high overpressures from b.s.z.reservoirs during compressional inversion.  相似文献   

沽源超级环形构造与中生代成矿大爆发     

宫进忠  施兴  张亚东  楚福录 《矿产与地质》2009,23(5):399-405

由火山喷发、岩浆侵入或陨石撞击作用所形成的环形构造,是地球物质活化迁移的重要场所,对区域成矿过程具有极大的制约意义。在河北省西北部坝上地区,围绕沽源县城一带,早白垩世岩浆岩、布格重力异常及水系沉积物地球化学异常均呈现明显的多级环带分布。这种现象并非尚义-崇礼-赤城深大断裂与乌龙沟-上黄旗岩浆岩带的简单复合叠置,而是以沽源为中心的火山机构的具体表现。该环形构造至少可划分为三个岩浆岩环带,分布着早白垩世（K—Ar100～123Ma）安山质火山-沉积岩和燕山旋回第四期（K—Ar100～138Ma）次粗面岩、次安山岩、二长斑岩、石英正长斑岩等浅成超浅成侵入岩体或岩株,它们的银、铅、锌、镉、铀、钍、钼、砷、锑等元素显著活化和富集。该环形构造控制着蔡家营铅锌矿、张麻井铀钼矿、彭家沟银矿、青羊沟铅锌矿、牛圈银金矿及北岔沟门铅锌银矿的时空定位。若干迹象表明,沽源环形构造可能是白垩纪时期一次陨击事件（因火星和木星之间两颗小行星的碰撞）的结果,这也许是中生代成矿大爆炸的根本诱发机制。  相似文献   

基于大数据分析的铜坑锡铟多金属矿床Sn-Zn-Pb矿化规律及其地质意义   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

燕永锋  贾福聚  杨光树  秦德先  陈爱兵  杨鸿飞 《岩石学报》2019,35(11):3398-3406

广西大厂矿田不但锡、锌、铅、锑等主要金属储量规模巨大,铟、锗、镉等稀散金属的经济价值也非常可观。本文系统收集整理了铜坑矿床资源勘查、开发过程中形成的1642个工程的编录资料,建立了三维空间数据库,对具有空间属性的Sn、Zn、Pb化学实验数据进行了统计分析。分析结果显示,相对92号矿体和细脉带矿体,91号矿体Sn、Zn品位高、富磁黄铁矿、主量金属相关性差,推测该矿体存在富含Sn、Zn的高温成矿流体叠加。岩浆期后热液型矿床随着远离含矿热液源头Zn/Pb值呈降低趋势,喷流沉积矿床随着距离喷口由近及远、沉积矿层由下往上,Zn/Pb值呈逐步增加趋势。铜坑矿床Zn/Pb空间分布规律是喷流沉积、岩浆热液叠加改造特征的复合,表明该矿床可能为喷流沉积-叠加改造复合成因。东岩墙(花岗斑岩脉)东西两侧随距离变远,Zn/Pb值呈近似对称性降低,推测东岩墙是成矿热液运移的通道。  相似文献   

矿物——成矿与找矿     

赵振华  严爽 《岩石学报》2019,35(1):31-68

单颗粒矿物微量元素激光原位定量分析测试数据的大量积累和研究,使矿物成为矿床地球化学研究和矿床勘查的重要示踪剂。本文重点选择磁铁矿、磷灰石、石榴子石、榍石、锆石、绿泥石和绿帘石等的原位分析研究所获得的认识,介绍单颗粒矿物成分组合及变化在矿床类型划分、成矿年龄测定、氧逸度、成矿过程与物质来源、找矿与勘探等方面的应用。不同矿床类型中普遍存在的矿物,如磁铁矿、磷灰石等的微量元素含量及组合差异,提供了矿床类型识别的标志。单颗粒矿物,特别是矿石矿物和密切共生矿物如锡石、铌钽铁矿、赤铁矿、石榴子石、方解石等的原位定年,使成矿年龄的直接准确测定成为现实。矿物中变价元素,如Fe、V、Mn、Ce、Eu含量和/或比值的变化,指示了成矿过程氧逸度及其变化特点。从矿物核部向震荡环带与边部的微量元素含量或同位素组成的变化,示踪了成矿过程中流体来源或性质的变化。斑岩和矽卡岩矿床中与成矿作用关系密切的蚀变矿物,如绿泥石、绿帘石的形成温度、特征微量元素比值,如Ti/Sr、Ti/Co、V/Ni、Mg/Sr等,与距矿床中心距离呈线性函数关系,可定量预测距矿床中心的距离,使以绿泥石、绿帘石为代表的找矿指示矿物研究迅速发展。  相似文献