天津两井水位同震效应分析     

马建英  邵永新  汪翠枝  刘学领 《华北地震科学》2009,27(1):20-24

从不同的方位对天津地区两口地震观测专用井记录到的国外7级、国内6级以上的地震进行分析。两口井所处的地理位置、地质结构、井深及其含水层岩性不同,对同一地震的表现形式也不尽相同。通过对比分析,得到井水位对地震的响应特点及几点认识：观测井孔一般对远场大震记录比较灵敏,而对近震及地方震反映不灵敏;井孔水位仪记录的水位波幅与震级、震中距有关;井孔同震效应的能力和井孔对固体潮的反映能力不一致。  相似文献   

Trends and drivers of marine debris on the Atlantic coast of the United States 1997-2007   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Christine A. Ribic  Seba B. Sheavly 《Marine pollution bulletin》2010,60(8):1231-1242

For the first time, we documented regional differences in amounts and long-term trends of marine debris along the US Atlantic coast. The Southeast Atlantic had low land-based and general-source debris loads as well as no increases despite a 19% increase in coastal population. The Northeast (8% population increase) also had low land-based and general-source debris loads and no increases. The Mid-Atlantic (10% population increase) fared the worst, with heavy land-based and general-source debris loads that increased over time. Ocean-based debris did not change in the Northeast where the fishery is relatively stable; it declined over the Mid-Atlantic and Southeast and was correlated with declining regional fisheries. Drivers, including human population, land use status, fishing activity, and oceanic current systems, had complex relationships with debris loads at local and regional scales. Management challenges remain undeniably large but solid information from long-term programs is one key to addressing this pressing pollution issue.  相似文献   

The use of benthic indicators in Europe: from the Water Framework Directive to the Marine Strategy Framework Directive   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Van Hoey G  Borja A  Birchenough S  Buhl-Mortensen L  Degraer S  Fleischer D  Kerckhof F  Magni P  Muxika I  Reiss H  Schröder A  Zettler ML 《Marine pollution bulletin》2010,60(12):2187-2196

The Water Framework Directive (WFD) and the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) are the European umbrella regulations for water systems. It is a challenge for the scientific community to translate the principles of these directives into realistic and accurate approaches. The aim of this paper, conducted by the Benthos Ecology Working Group of ICES, is to describe how the principles have been translated, which were the challenges and best way forward. We have tackled the following principles: the ecosystem-based approach, the development of benthic indicators, the definition of ‘pristine’ or sustainable conditions, the detection of pressures and the development of monitoring programs. We concluded that testing and integrating the different approaches was facilitated during the WFD process, which led to further insights and improvements, which the MSFD can rely upon. Expert involvement in the entire implementation process proved to be of vital importance.  相似文献   

Approach to quantification drawdown of groundwater wells:a case study from Sana'a City,Yemen     

Abdulhakim G.H.Al-KHOLID  SUN Youhong  Aref M.O.AL-JABALI  SUN Zhifeng 《世界地质(英文版)》2010,13(3)

Although research on a field investigation about quantification drawdown of ground water wells has hitherto been conducted with emphasis on Sanaa basin which is 3 200 km2 in area characterized by general hazard in quantity and quality of water,there exist uncertainties about the size of the hazardous annual decline in the level of underground water.So the authors are trying to assess reliable hazard data on the depth of ground-water which were obtained by measuring static water level.The data set are twenty six wells from 9 regions which were selected to represent Sanaa basin and collected during the course of the 20 months groundwater monitoring survey from January 2008 to January 2009.The results show that the average drawdown during 20 months to be 3.22 m with an average 0.16 m per month and 2 m per year.  相似文献   

平桥南区页岩气水平井钻井优化设计   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

龙志平  王彦祺  周玉仓  贺庆  刘广庆 《探矿工程》2017,44(12):34-37

在分析平桥产建井位部署特点及区块地质条件的基础上,系统总结了该区块页岩气水平井钻井存在的防漏堵漏工艺、钻井提速技术、水平段施工工艺等方面存在的问题,通过对平台部署、井身结构、井眼轨道、“井工厂”钻井模式、钻头选型、钻井液体系及固井工艺等方面的深入研究和优化,形成了平桥南区块页岩气水平井钻井优化设计方案,以实现平桥南区页岩气产建的高效开发。  相似文献   

钻探技术在煤矿水害防治工作中的应用          下载免费PDF全文

王永全  周兢 《探矿工程》2017,44(11):35-41

钻探作为煤矿水害防治工作一种重要的技术手段,得到了广泛的应用。煤矿大口径排水井钻进技术、底板多分支水平井地面定向钻进及注浆加固改造技术、井下定向探（疏）放水钻进技术、注浆封堵突水通道钻探技术和矿井突水灾害快速钻进救援技术等煤矿防治水钻探技术,在煤矿水害防治工作中得到了广泛应用,取得了良好效果。加强防治水钻探配套设备的研发和相关钻探工艺技术研究,将有力促进煤矿水害防治工作的发展。  相似文献   

基于亚太地区环境综合监测的陆地生态系统中水、热和二氧化碳的监测与模拟     

渡边正孝  王勤学  林诚二  MURAKAMI Shogo  LIU Jiyuan  OUYANG Zhu  LI Yan  LI Yingnian  Wang Kelin 《地理学报(英文版)》2005,15(2):131-141

The Integrated Environmental Monitoring (IEM) project, part of the Asia-Pacific Environmental Innovation Strategy (APEIS) project, developed an integrated environmental monitoring system that can be used to detect, monitor, and assess environmental disasters, degradation, and their impacts in the Asia-Pacific region. The system primarily employs data from the moderate resolution imaging spectrometer (MODIS) sensor on the Earth Observation System- (EOS-) Terra/Aqua satellite,as well as those from ground observations at five sites in different ecological systems in China. From the preliminary data analysis on both annual and daily variations of water, heat and CO2 fluxes, we can confirm that this system basically has been working well. The results show that both latent flux and CO2 flux are much greater in the crop field than those in the grassland and the saline desert, whereas the sensible heat flux shows the opposite trend. Different data products from MODIS have very different correspondence, e.g. MODIS-derived land surface temperature has a close correlation with measured ones, but LAI and NPP are quite different from ground measurements, which suggests that the algorithms used to process MODIS data need to be revised by using the local dataset. We are now using the APEIS-FLUX data to develop an integrated model, which can simulate the regional water,heat, and carbon fluxes. Finally, we are expected to use this model to develop more precise high-order MODIS products in Asia-Pacific region.  相似文献   

成层竖向排水井地基固结分析   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

刘加才  蔡南树  施建勇  艾英钵 《岩土力学》2005,26(8):1247-1252

实际工程中竖井地基具有成层性,有时竖井也并未完全打穿软土层。在竖井打设区满足竖井等应变固结理论、下卧层满足一维太沙基固结理论假设的基础上,将现有竖井地基固结理论推广到成层未打穿竖井地基情况。利用边界条件和竖直向连续条件,确定该系统的正交关系,并给出了其固结解答,该解具有广泛的适用性。通过对竖井打设区和下卧层层数的变化,即可获得现有关于简单未打穿竖井地基的固结解答。将该解答编制成应用程序,对一算例进行了分析。结果表明,平均固结度按孔压定义和按变形定义是不相同的,硬表层的存在会加快其下土层的固结。  相似文献   

挽救四平市白垩系承压水迫在眉睫     

朱玉生 《吉林地质》2005,24(3):28-31

白垩系承压水是四平市重要的供水水源地．水量中等。由于管理和开采不当．水位大幅度下降,地下水遭到了污染．拯救承压水势在必行。  相似文献   

Concordance degrees in macrozoobenthic monitoring programmes using different sampling methods and taxonomic resolution levels     

Pagola-Carte S  Urkiaga-Alberdi J  Bustamante M  Saiz-Salinas JI 《Marine pollution bulletin》2002,44(1):63-70

In summer 1997, an intensive survey on the hard bottoms of the 'Abra de Bilbao' (N. Iberian Peninsula) was carried out in the context of the macrozoobenthic monitoring programmes developed to assess the biological recovery of the area. Three types of measurements (abundance, biomass and cover) were used to describe and compare the structure and composition of the communities at three littoral zones: subtidal, lower intertidal and upper intertidal. In addition, several taxonomic aggregation levels of data were successfully applied. The main objective of this paper is to explore the relative effect caused on the results of such programmes by earlier decisions concerning the type of measurement and the taxonomic resolution level to be applied. A 'second stage' multivariate procedure of analysis has been perforrmed based on the previously obtained sampling site ordinations. The measurement type chosen has been found to have a greater effect on the results than the taxonomic resolution used. Moreover, it is suggested that analyses based on abundance data usually lose more information when taxonomic resolution decreases than those based on biomass or cover estimates. The highest concordance among the different analyses has been found in the subtidal zone, which is considered the most appropriate habitat for the development of benthic monitoring programmes.  相似文献