Geochemical evidence for variations in delivery and deposition of sediment in Pleistocene light–dark color cycles under the Benguela Current Upwelling System     

Rebecca S. Robinson  Philip A. Meyers  Richard W. Murray   《Marine Geology》2002,180(1-4):249-270

Distinctive light–dark color cycles in sediment beneath the Benguela Current Upwelling System indicate repetitive alternations in sediment delivery and deposition. Geochemical proxies for paleoproductivity and for depositional conditions were employed to investigate the paleoceanographic processes involved in creating these cycles in three mid-Pleistocene intervals from ODP Sites 1082 and 1084. Concentrations of total organic carbon (TOC) vary between 3.5 and 17.1%. Concentrations of CaCO₃ vary inversely to TOC and Al, which suggests that both carbonate dissolution and terrigenous dilution contribute to the light–dark cycles. Opal concentrations are independent of both TOC and CaCO₃, therefore eliminating diatom production and lateral transport of shelf material as causes of the light–dark cycles. δ¹³C_org and δ¹⁵N_tot values do not vary across light–dark sediment intervals, implying that the extent of relative nutrient utilization did not change. The stable δ¹⁵N_tot values represent a balanced change in nitrate supply and export production and therefore indicate that productivity was elevated during deposition of the TOC-rich layers. Parallel changes in concentrations of indicator trace elements and TOC imply that changes in organic matter delivery influenced geochemical processes on the seafloor by controlling consumption of pore water oxygen. Cu, Ni, and Zn are enriched in the darker sediment as a consequence of greater organic matter delivery. Redox-sensitive metals vary due to loss (Mn and Ba) or enrichment (Mo) under reducing conditions created by TOC oxidation. Organic matter delivery impacts subsequent geochemical changes such as carbonate dissolution, sulfate reduction and the concentration of metals. Thus, export production is considered ultimately responsible for the generation of the color cycles.  相似文献   

Determination of ammonium regeneration rates in the oligotrophic ocean by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry     

Darren R. Clark  Tim W. Fileman  Ian Joint 《Marine Chemistry》2006,98(2-4):121-130

A method has been developed for the determination of ammonium concentration and isotopic enrichment in seawater samples at the low nanomolar range (10–100 nmol/kg). It is based on the reaction of phenol/hypochlorite with ammonium to form indophenol, with subsequent solid phase extraction, derivatisation and analysis by Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry. The precision of the method was maximised by incorporating a deuterated indophenol internal standard. A system was developed which generated seawater with extremely low ammonium concentrations thus matching sample and standard matrices for quantitative analysis. Data are presented from a study of ammonium regeneration rates at three stations in the oligotrophic North–East Atlantic where ambient ammonium concentrations were < 21 nmol/kg. Results suggested that ammonium availability for phytoplankton was limited by the rate of ammonium regeneration. Efficient ammonium assimilation contributed to the very low ambient ammonium concentrations measured at these stations. The study highlights the need for the accurate determination of ammonium regeneration rates in studies of new production, particularly in extreme oligotrophic conditions. If not corrected for isotope dilution, f-ratio estimates may be overestimated by 10.7–13.7%.  相似文献   

A Matrix‐Matched Reference Material for Validating Petroleum Re‐Os Measurements          下载免费PDF全文

Junjie Liu  David Selby 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2018,42(1):97-113

This study presents two matrix‐matched reference materials developed for petroleum Re‐Os measurements. We present the Re and Os mass fractions and ¹⁸⁷Re/¹⁸⁸Os and ¹⁸⁷Os/¹⁸⁸Os values (ratio of the number of atoms of the isotopes) for repeatedly measured aliquots (ca. 120–150 mg test portions) of the NIST Research Material 8505 (RM 8505) crude oil, and its asphaltene and maltene fractions, and ~ 90 g of homogeneous asphaltene powder isolated from this oil. Measurements were performed using the Carius tube‐isotope dilution negative‐thermal ionisation mass spectrometry methodology. The RM 8505 crude oil contains 1.98 ± 0.07 ng g^?1 Re and 25.0 ± 1.1 pg g^?1 Os, with Re‐Os isotope amount ratios of 452 ± 6 for ¹⁸⁷Re/¹⁸⁸Os and 1.51 ± 0.01 for ¹⁸⁷Os/¹⁸⁸Os (n = 20, 95% conf.). The homogeneous asphaltene sample contains 16.52 ± 0.10 ng g^?1 Re and 166.0 ± 0.9 pg g^?1 total Os, and possesses isotope amount ratios of 574 ± 3 for ¹⁸⁷Re/¹⁸⁸Os and 1.64 ± 0.01 for ¹⁸⁷Os/¹⁸⁸Os (n = 24, 95% conf.). The intermediate precision of these data makes the RM 8505 whole oil and the (~ 90 g) homogenised asphaltene appropriate petroleum matrix‐matched reference materials for Re‐Os measurements. The asphaltene fraction of the oil is the main carrier of Re and Os of the RM 8505 whole oil, and caution is suggested in using asphaltene and maltene fractions of a single oil for Re‐Os geochronology.  相似文献   

2018-08-25~29期间全球电离层TEC对地磁暴的响应分析     

朱军桃  刘玉升  林知宇  代程远  毛志锋 《大地测量与地球动力学》2022,42(7):661-668

使用IGS提供的全球电离层地图对2018-08-26地磁暴期间TEC变化进行分析,利用滑动四分位距法提取全球TEC扰动特征,并初步探讨此次磁暴引起的电离层扰动响应机制。结果表明：1）磁暴主相期间,除北极地区外电离层TEC主要表现为正相扰动;在恢复相期间,电离层TEC在北半球呈现长期负扰,而在南半球则相反。2）磁暴期间全球电离层TEC扰动与热层成分O/N₂变化有关。星际磁场南向期间,东向快速穿透电场对全球日间电离层TEC正扰具有很大影响,高能粒子的沉降作用可能是高纬和极区TEC发生正扰的原因;夏冬季节环流会促进电离层在磁暴恢复相阶段的南北不对称响应。  相似文献   

内蒙古达里湖全新世有机碳氮同位素记录与环境演变   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

范佳伟  肖举乐  温锐林  翟大有  王旭  崔琳琳  Shigeru Itoh 《第四纪研究》2015,35(4)

内蒙古中东部的达里湖为一水文封闭型湖泊,位于现今东亚夏季风的北部边缘区,对区域环境变化十分敏感.本文对达里湖沉积中心提取的岩芯(DL04沉积岩芯)顶部8.5m沉积物进行了有机地球化学分析.15个全岩样品有机质的放射性碳测年结果表明:岩芯顶部8.5m涵盖了过去大约11500年.按约50年分辨率分析的225个总有机碳(TOC)、总氮(TN)含量、总有机碳/总氮(C/N)原子比值数据以及221个有机碳和有机氮稳定同位素(δ13C和δ13C)数据,详细揭示了全新世东亚夏季风边缘区的水文和生态变化历史.在距今11500 ～ 9800日历年(ca1.aB.P.)期间,所有地球化学指标均呈逐渐增大趋势,指示入湖河流逐渐增强,达里湖开始扩张,水生植物生产率逐渐升高;在9800 ～ 7700cal.aB.P.期间,TOC和TN含量以及C/N比值维持稳定高值,δ13C和δ15N值较小,指示湖泊维持高湖面状态,陆源输入和浮游植物生产率较高;在7700～ 5900cal.aB.P.期间,C/N比值和δ15N维持低值,TOC和TN含量呈现更高值,并且波动变化,δ13C值逐渐增大,表明湖面维持高水平,湖水显著变暖,浮游植物生产率显著升高,流域植被大幅度扩张;在5900 ～ 4850cal.aB.P.期间,TOC和TN含量,C/N比值以及δ13C值显著减小,δ15N值显著增大,暗示地表径流显著减弱,达里湖湖面显著下降,湖泊生产率快速下降;从4850cal.a B.P.开始,TOC和TN含量以及C/N比值呈逐渐减小趋势,δ13C和δ15N值呈逐渐增大趋势,表明湖面逐渐下降,湖水盐度、碱度升高,湖水可能变冷,湖泊生产率逐渐下降,流域植被收缩.全新世东亚夏季风边缘区水文和生态环境的变化可能直接或间接受北半球夏季太阳辐射量和区域季风降水强度的共同控制.  相似文献   

The Inhibitory Degree Between Skeletonema costatum and Dinoflagllate Prorocentrum donghaiense at Different Con- centrations of Phosphate and Nitrate/Phosphate Ratios     

CAO Jing  WANG Jiangtao 《青岛海洋大学学报(英文版)》2012,(2):153-158

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Multiple processes affecting surface seawater N2O saturation anomalies in tropical oceans and Prydz Bay, Antarctica     

CHEN Liqi  ZHAN Liyang  XU Suqing  ZHANG Jiexia  ZHANG Yuanhui  XU Guojie 《极地研究(英文版)》2012,23(2)

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稳定氮同位素示踪技术在湿地脱氮研究中的应用进展     

唐艳凌  章光新 《湿地科学》2008,6(3)

稳定同位素示踪技术广泛应用于现代环境科学研究中。其中,15^N作为氮循环过程唯一适用的示踪剂,在有关氮循环引发的环境污染问题的研究中发挥了极其重要的作用。湿地脱氮是湿地水质净化功能的重要体现,此过程有助于有效地减少受纳水体的外源氮负荷。在概述稳定氮同位素示踪原理和湿地脱氮过程的基础上,从湿地脱氮驱动机制、关键限制因素分析、脱氮定量研究3方面阐述15^N示踪技术在湿地脱氮研究中的应用,并展望了该技术在湿地脱氮研究中的应用前景。  相似文献   

厦门海域营养盐含量和比率变化及其对浮游植物群落的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陈宝红  陈长平  陈金民  高宇  林辉  黄海宁  暨卫东  高亚辉 《台湾海峡》2012,31(2):246-253

于2010年8月和10月对厦门海域营养盐和浮游植物等开展了两个航次的调查,目的在于研究该海域营养盐含量和比率变化及其对水采浮游植物群落的影响.各化学和生物要素的采集、保存和分析按照《海洋调查规范》或《海洋监测规范》的相关方法进行.研究结果表明,厦门海域浮游植物生长的营养盐限制性因子与1998年的研究结果比较,依然为PO4-P,而SiO3-Si含量和DIN含量相对充足.各项营养盐含量与盐度都有较明显的负相关性,其中保守性最明显的是DIN,而PO4-P与盐度的相关性相对最低.此外,8月份鉴定到的甲藻门种类和生物量明显高于10月份.本文认为,目前厦门海域营养盐比率变化的主要压力为N/P摩尔比率失衡.随着人为输入氮源的增加,在富氮的九龙江口及其邻近海域,极易发生中肋骨条藻赤潮,该藻的生物量与NO3-N和SiO3-Si含量的相关性十分明显.研究发现,厦门甲藻/硅藻生物量的比值与NO3-N和N/P摩尔比率有一定的正相关性,可能预示着该海域无机氮含量的增加及其引起的N/P摩尔比率增大会促进甲藻门种类的生长.并且浮游植物Shannon生物多样性指数可作为反映厦门海域富营养化较好的生物指标.  相似文献   

新立油田嫩江组三段沉积微相分析     

李朝晖 《东北石油大学学报》2012,(1):25-30,5

根据岩心、测井、粒度分析等资料,研究新立油田嫩江组三段(简称嫩三段)3个砂组的沉积微相,编制嫩三段3个砂组沉积微相平面展布特征图,分析各砂组沉积微相的类型及特征.结果表明:新立油田嫩三段发育于宽缓的拗陷盆地,基底沉降稳定,砂组—小层具有厚度较为协调、地层旋回性强的特点.该段发育于湖盆萎缩时期,下覆嫩二段地层为大段湖相泥岩沉积,三角洲进积进入本区,形成储层发育层段,为新立油田提交探明储量、动态分析开发调整方案提供地质依据.  相似文献