电渗析脱盐时威尔逊公式修正的新方法   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

宋德政 《海洋学研究》1996,14(1):58-64

本文列举了铝制品洗白碱性废水［１］、海水第二脱盐段①和人工配制ＮａＣｌ水溶液②三种水质，采用伏－安法测定权限电流密度后，用三步作图法，分别求出威尔逊修正式中的系数Ｋ，浓度指数ｍ和流速指数ｎ，建立了威尔逊修正公式的新模式：Ｉ_（ｌｉｍ_＝ＫＣ~ｍＣ~（ａ＋ｂｃ）本模式适用于组份复杂、浓度变化范围大的水溶液体系。用该模式计算的极限电流密度值与实验测定值之间的偏差在±１０％之内，具有很好的实用性。  相似文献   

Effects of separate and mutual application of Na and Si on drought resistance of Haloxylon ammodendron     

JianJun Kang  SuoMin Wang  Ming Zhao  GuangYu Li  ZiHui Yang 《寒旱区科学》2012,4(6):0490-0497

We studied pot cultivated Haloxylon ammodendron’s growth, physiological changes and drought resistance under NaCl, H₂SiO₃, and NaCl+H₂SiO₃ treatments. Results show that 0.3 g/kg NaCl, 0.2 g/kg H₂SiO₃ or 0.3 g/kg NaCl+0.1 g/kg H₂SiO₃ treatments can effectively promote growth and improve the drought resistance of H. ammodendron. Compared with that without NaCl treatment, H. ammodendron’s height, crown diameter and fresh weight increased by 42%, 91% and 62% respectively under 0.3 g/kg NaCl treatment, and its main stem diameter, main root diameter and main root length increased by 40%, 39% and 23%, respectively. Compared with that without H₂SiO₃ treatments, H. ammodendron’s height, crown diameter and fresh weight increased by 36%, 45% and 27% respectively under 0.2 g/kg H₂SiO₃ treatment, and its main stem diameter, main root diameter and main root length increased by 23%, 23% and 20%, respectively. Compared with that under 0.3 g/kg NaCl treatment, H. ammodendron’s height, crown diameter and fresh weight and main root length increased by 9%, 10%, 17% and 12% respectively under 0.3 g/kg NaCl+0.1 g/kg H₂SiO₃ treatment. Compared with that under 0.1 g/kg H₂SiO₃ treatment, H. ammodendron’s height, crown diameter and fresh weight increased by 28%, 76% and 68% respectively under 0.3 g/kg NaCl+0.1 g/kg H₂SiO₃ treatment, and its main stem diameter, main root diameter and main root length increased by 30%, 32% and 27%, respectively. This suggests that moderate levels of NaCl+H₂SiO₃ interaction can effectively promote growth and improve drought resistance of H. ammodendron than separate applications of NaCl or H₂SiO₃.  相似文献   

NaCl在DMF和1,2-丙二醇混合溶剂中电导的研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

王卫东 《盐湖研究》2005,13(3):35-37

在283~308K温度范围内测定了NaCl在DMF和1,2-丙二醇混合溶剂中的电导率,根据公式求得NaCl的摩尔电导率值,应用Kohlrausch经验规则,使用Origin软件进行线性拟合,作图外推求得NaCl在DMF和1,2-丙二醇混合溶剂中的无限稀释摩尔电导率λ0值,并讨论了NaCl溶液的电导率、摩尔电导率、无限稀释摩尔电导率与温度和浓度的关系。  相似文献   

非水溶剂中电解质溶液活度系数的测定:NaCl在1,2-丙二醇中活度系数的测定   总被引：10，自引：3，他引：10       下载免费PDF全文

王卫东  向翠丽  胡珍珠  陆江林 《盐湖研究》2004,12(1):43-45

应用钠离子选择性电极和Ag-AgCl电极组成可逆电池,通过测定电池的电动势,应用Debye H櫣ckel极限公式,计算了不同温度下NaCl在1,2-丙二醇非水溶剂中的活度系数,并根据电解质溶液的溶剂化理论对NaCl的活度系数的某些变化规律进行了讨论。  相似文献   

NaCl Aerosol Particle Hygroscopicity Dependence on Mixing with Organic Compounds   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

H.-C. Hansson  M. J. Rood  S. Koloutsou-Vakakis  K. Hämeri  D. Orsini  A. Wiedensohler 《Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry》1998,31(3):321-346

Organic compounds in the atmosphere can influence the activation, growth and lifetimes of haze, fog and cloud droplets by changing the condensation and evaporation rates of liquid water by these aqueous aerosol particles. Depending on the nature and properties of the organic compounds, the change can be to enhance or reduce these rates. In this paper we used a tandem differential mobility analyzer (TDMA) to examine the effect of tetracosane, octanoic acid, and lauric acid on the hygroscopic properties of NaCl aerosol particles at relative humidities (RH) between 30 and 95%. These organic compounds have been identified in ambient aerosol particle samples. A slight lowering of the deliquescence relative humidity (DRH) and suppression of hygroscopic growth for the NaCl-organic compound mixtures were observed when compared to pure NaCl particles. The growth of pure NaCl particles was 2.25 in diameter at 85% RH while the growth of the mixed particles was 1.3 to 1.7 in particle diameter at 85% RH with organic mass fraction of 30–50%. This shows that these organic compounds have to be present in rather large mass fractions to effect the hygroscopic behavior to a similar degree observed for ambient aerosol during field measurements. Despite the mixing of the organic material with NaCl, hysteresis was observed for decreasing RH histories, suggesting the formation of metastable droplets. These laboratory results are strikingly similar to ambient field results. For example, if the total organic mass fraction of the particles is between 0.30 and 0.50, the particle growth at 85% RH is about a factor of 1.4 for the laboratory and field measurements. Such reduction in growth compared to the pure inorganic salt is in contradiction to speculations concerning significant effects by organic compounds on cloud condensation nuclei and thus formation on clouds.  相似文献   

Study on the Electrical Conductivity of 0.025 mol NaCl Solution at 0.25–3.75 GPa and 20–370°C     

Zheng Haifei  Xie Hongsen  Xu Yousheng  Song Maoshuang  Guo Jie  Zhang Yueming 《《地质学报》英文版》1997,71(3):273-281

The electrical conductance of 0.025 mol NaCl solution was measured at 0.25–3.75 GPa and 20–370°C As shown by the results, the conductance increases with temperature, and there is a liner relation between the reciprocal of temperature and the logarithm of the conductance but their slopes are different at different pressures. The relations between the conductance and pressure is rather complex and there are some discontinuities: in the range of 2.25–3.75 GPa, the conductance increases with the pressure; in the range of 1.25–2.0 GPa, the conductance is not related to the pressure; and at a pressure of 0.75 GPa, the conductance is higher than that at the pressures nearby. This reflects that the NaCl solution has rather different properties of electronic chemistry at various pressures, and probably is an important cause for the existence of the layers with high electrical conductance and low velocity in the Earth's crust and mantle.  相似文献   

青藏高原木孜塔格冰川、玉珠峰冰川及扎当冰川可培养细菌的生理特征     

邢婷婷  刘勇勤  王宁练  沈亮  顾政权  郭泌汐 《冰川冻土》2016,38(2):528-538

为了解冰川微生物生长特点,分析了青藏高原木孜塔格冰川、玉珠峰冰川和扎当冰川可培养细菌在不同温度,及木孜塔格冰川可培养细菌在不同盐度和pH下的生长特性.木孜塔格冰川52%的可培养细菌不耐盐,只能在0%盐度下生长,38%的细菌可以在0%～4%/6%盐度培养基中生长,其余细菌可以在0%～1%/2%的盐度培养基中生长,且62%的细菌具有较广的pH值生长范围（pH 5～9）;另外,38%的细菌只能在弱酸性（5%）或者只能在弱碱性（33%）培养基中生长. 3个冰川可培养细菌生长温度范围均为0～35℃,木孜塔格冰川最适生长温度≤20℃的细菌占其细菌总数的86%,而玉珠峰冰川和扎当冰川最适生长温度≤20℃的细菌则分别占其细菌总数的69%和53%.不同冰川具有不同最适生长温度的细菌的比例不同,同一冰川不同深度相同属类的细菌有相近的生长温度特征、耐盐度和耐酸碱特征.  相似文献   

钠、硅及钠硅互作提高梭梭抗旱性的研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

康建军  王锁民  杨自辉 《中国沙漠》2012,32(3):793-800

采用盆栽试验,施用不同浓度NaCl、H2SiO3及NaCl＋H2SiO3对培育梭梭（Haloxylon a mmodendron）的生长、生理变化及抗逆性方面进行了研究。结果表明,0.3 g·kg-1 NaCl、0.2 g·kg-1 H2SiO3或0.3 g·kg-1 NaCl+0.1 g·kg-1 H2SiO3互作施用均能显著促进梭梭的生长并提高其抗旱性。单施NaCl时,0.3 g·kg-1 NaCl处理培育的梭梭株高、冠幅和鲜重与对照相比分别增加了42%、91%和62%,其主茎直径、主根直径和主根长分别增加了40%、39%和23%。单施H2SiO3时,0.2 g·kg-1 H2SiO3处理培育的梭梭株高、冠幅、鲜重与对照相比分别增加了36%、45%和27%,其主茎直径、主根直径和主根长分别增加了23%、23%和20%。与施用0.3 g·kg-1 NaCl处理相比,0.3 g·kg-1 NaCl+0.1 g·kg-1 H2SiO3互作处理梭梭株高、冠幅、鲜重和主根长分别增加了9%、10%、17%和12%;与施用0.1 g·kg-1 H2SiO3处理相比,0.3 g·kg-1 NaCl+0.1 g·kg-1 H2SiO3互作处理梭梭株高、冠幅和鲜重分别增加了28%、76%和68%,其主茎直径、主根直径和主根长分别增加了30%、32%和27%。这表明适量水平的NaCl+H2SiO3互作施用要比单独施用NaCl或H2SiO3能更有效地促进梭梭的生长并提高其抗旱性。  相似文献   

自动化监测电导率在盐示踪试验中的应用--以云南八宝水库盐示踪试验为例   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

汪进良  姜光辉  侯满福  陈定宁 《地球学报》2005,26(4):371-374

为了了解八宝水库库区地下河的连通性,评价蓄水后是否会发生渗漏,2003年12月底笔者在八宝水库进行了盐示踪试验。以此为例介绍了自动化监测电导率在示踪试验中的应用。实验证明水溶液的电导率直接和溶解盐的浓度成正比,水溶液中电导率的变化反映了溶解的NaCl的变化情况。本次试验通过自动化监测仪器记录水溶液中电导率随时间的变化,反映水中溶解的NaCl随时间的变化情况,根据流量数据换算得出回收量和回收率等数据。  相似文献   

NaCl在混合溶剂（1，2-丙二醇和水）中热力学性质的研究          下载免费PDF全文

王卫东  李金艳 《盐湖研究》2009,17(1):35-40

应用电导法测定了NaCl在混合溶剂(1,2-丙二醇和水)中的活度系数,讨论了电解质溶液活度系数与浓度的关系,并计算了NaCl在混合溶剂中的相对偏摩尔自由能,对其相对偏摩尔性质的某些变化规律作了初步的讨论。  相似文献