地球系统科学与数字地球   总被引：17，自引：0，他引：17  

王心源  郭华东 《地理科学》1999,19(4):344-348

数字地球将为地球系统科学研究带来研究方法,研究手段和信息获取渠道的革命,因对地观测和数据资源共享技术的发展将使传统的野外地学作业逐步走向现代化,从而使地球系统科学的建立真正成为可能。  相似文献   

陆表植被碳汇计量管理平台设计与实现     

赵自雨  冯仲科  程文生  李玉冬 《北京测绘》2020,(5):640-644

为了实现陆表植被碳汇量精准计测和森林资源的可持续发展,本文采用C#面向对象高级程序设计语言,利用组件式GIS技术和第三方UI控件进行开发,建立了一套现代化、信息化的管理平台。该平台实现了GIS基础操作、森林基础数表、森林资源二类调查、森林观测数据后处理和森林经营辅助决策五大功能模块,构建了较为系统的陆表植被碳汇计量管理基础业务体系。满足了森林资源管理和经营的需要,实现了对森林资源一体化经营和管理。  相似文献   

An Artificial Intelligent design for GPS Surveying Networks     

Hussain?Aziz?SalehEmail author 《GPS Solutions》2003,7(2):101-108

Metaheuristic techniques, which are based on ideas of Artificial Intelligence, are among the best methods for solving computationally the GPS surveying network problem. In this paper, the ant colony optimization metaheuristic, which is inspired by the behavior of real ant colonies, is developed to efficiently provide a general framework for optimizing GPS surveying networks. In this framework, a set of ants co-operate together using an indirect communication procedure to find good GPS observation schedules. A GPS surveying network can be defined as a set of stations, co-ordinated by a series of sessions formed by placing receivers on the stations. The problem is to search for the best order in which to observe these sessions to give the best schedule at minimum cost. Computational results obtained by applying the proposed technique on several networks, with known and unknown optimal schedules, prove the effectiveness of the proposed metaheuristic technique to solve the GPS surveying network problem.  相似文献   

可持续发展指标体系及综合评价研究评述   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

邱茂慧  陈忠暖  蔡霞 《热带地理》2002,22(3):222-226

可持续发展指标体系研究和可持续发展综合评价研究是可持续发展进程的一部分,是连接可持续发展战略理论与战略实施的桥梁,文中对近年来国内外出现的有关研究做了简要概括,分析了各研究成果的优缺点,总结了研究的发燕尾服特点并展望了研究的前景。  相似文献   

遥感技术在新一轮国土资源大调查中的进展与作用   总被引：6，自引：2，他引：4  

江利明  杨武年  房世波 《物探化探计算技术》2002,24(2):151-156

随着现代科学技术的飞速发展,遥感技术的应用领域越来越广泛,特别是在国土资源的本底调查、环境评价和科学规划等研究应用中,已成为空间多源信息获取的有力手段,为在国民经济发展中合理开发利用自然资源提供了科学的数据源和信息服务。作者在本文中就近年来遥感技术在遥感数据获取、遥感图像信息提取与分析等方面的进展作了简要阐述,并针对新一轮国土资源大调查的性质和任务,探讨了遥感、地理信息系统在新一轮国土资源大调查中的作用。  相似文献   

A UT1-Like Quantity from Analysis of GPS Orbit Planes     

Peter Kammeyer 《Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy》2000,77(4):241-272

This paper discusses a UT1-like quantity, UTGPS, determined daily from Earth-referenced GPS satellite orbits from the International GPS Service (IGS). For each satellite considered, the observed relation between the satellite's IGS orbit and a model of its orbit plane in inertial space is used to estimate UT1. This modeled orbit plane is initialized using the satellite's IGS orbit and the actual UT1 at an initial time. It is then propagated using standard models of gravitational forces and an empirical model representing the orbit-normal radiation pressure observed during several years of in-flight experience with the satellite. To estimate UT1, an a-priori transformation from terrestrial to true-of-date celestial coordinates is applied to the satellite's IGS orbit. The geocentric angular deviations of points of the resulting transformed orbit from the modeled orbit plane are analyzed, giving the angle between the ascending nodes of the satellite's transformed and modeled orbit planes. To this observed angle between nodes, converted to a UT1 difference, is added the a-priori UT1 value used in the transformation. From the result is subtracted a model of the angle, again converted to a UT1 difference, between the ascending nodes of the actual and modeled orbit planes. The final result is the estimate of UT1 from this satellite, and the median of the UT1 estimates from all satellites considered is UTGPS. The root-mean-square difference between UTGPS-UT1 at the beginning and at the end of an interval of one to four weeks is approximately 30 s times the square root of the interval's duration in weeks.This revised version was published online in October 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

A GIS-based mapping method on distribution of critical Ecological Situation in China     

YE Qing-hu  YANG Qin-ye  LIU Gao-huan 《地理学报(英文版)》2000,(3)

Introduction Human-induced environmental change in China has led to different consequences due to various causes. They conver certain regions and places where their impacts may threaten the long-term or even the short-term sustainability of human-environmental relationships. Designating such areas as "critical environmental situations," Russian Geographers have developed "red data maps" showing their locations[1]. Yet, there are no fully developed conceptualizations of environmental critical…  相似文献   

耕作措施对陕西耕作土壤碳储量的影响模拟^*   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

张凡  李长生  王政 《第四纪研究》2006,26(6):1021-1028

鉴于农业生态系统土壤有机碳(SOC)平衡对中国农业可持续发展的重要性,文章以陕西农业生态系统为对象,整合农业生物地球化学模型(DNDC)与陕西农业地理信息系统数据库,利用陕西地区气象和作物资料,对陕西省2000年作物生长发育和土壤碳循环进行了模型模拟,实例探讨了耕作管理对土壤碳储量的影响,并由此评价生物地球化学模型在气候变化、土壤性质及农业耕作管理措施对土壤碳含量影响方面的预测能力。敏感性分析表明土壤性状,尤其是初始有机碳含量是影响模型区域尺度模拟的最主要敏感因素。区域模拟使用灵敏系数分析法,分别采用敏感因子的最大、最小值驱动模型在每一模拟单元内的运算,以产生一个土壤有机碳变化的范围值,土壤有机碳变化的真实值应以较大机率包含在这一范围内。分析模拟结果可以得出3点结论: 1)2000年陕西耕作土壤总有机碳储量约为103TgC,是一个大气CO₂源,向大气释放碳0.5TgC; 2)提高作物秸秆还田率是提高陕西农田碳库储量的有效可行措施,将作物秸秆还田率从当前的15 ％ 提高到50 ％ 或90 ％ 会使陕西农田土壤从大气CO₂源转变为汇,每年分别增加土壤有机碳库储量0.7TgC或2.1TgC; 3)施用有机农肥(500kg/hm²)也会增加土壤碳输入,从而提高土壤碳储量,使陕西农田系统转变为较弱的碳(C)源,每年可多固定0.2TgC。  相似文献   

云南地热资源及其开发前景   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

殷瑛  王明珠  何绕生 《云南地质》2006,25(1):70-75

云南地热异常多且显著。滇西高温水热活动区是藏滇水热带的南延，滇东断陷盆地中低温水热活动区的形成得益于独特的地质结构，滇西、滇南花岗岩地热系统则主要吸收地层中K^40同位索放射热而成。开发前景极为广阔。  相似文献   

LBS在智能交通系统中的应用及构架研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

吴升  王钦敏  肖桂荣  励惠国 《测绘科学技术学报》2006,23(1):11-14

基于位置的信息服务(LBS)在正确的时间和地点,向正确的人群提供正确的位置信息,因而在智能交通系统中有着广泛的应用,其应用领域涉及车辆的导航、跟踪、监控、调度与安全,事件响应,信息获取与定制,进入区域提示,按位置收费等.从系统集成的角度,以LBS为核心来构建智能交通系统是一个先进而且经济的选择,该解决方案是一种以分布式、可互操作、使用标准的Internet和无线通讯网络协议为基础建立起来的架构,由客户层、中间件层、应用服务层和数据访问层组成.客户层是融无线通信、计算机、无线定位于一体的个人信息终端;中间件层提供一组与第三方无线定位系统集成的APIs,它支持与多种定位技术的连接;应用服务层由ITS的子系统和空间服务器组成,提供地图生成、邻近查找、地理编码、路径规划、身份认证、收费等服务;数据访问层为ITS存储和管理各种空间信息、交通信息和车辆信息.  相似文献