3D architecture of Quaternary sediment along the NW Atlantic Moroccan Rharb continental shelf: A stratal pattern under the dual control of tectonics and climatic variations     

《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2014

This study focuses on the evolution of the Atlantic NW Moroccan Rharb continental shelf during the Neogene and Quaternary. This region is part of a foreland basin bounded by the Rif mountain belt and thus provides an interesting geological setting to study the interactions between eustasy and tectonics and the driving mechanisms controlling stratigraphic patterns. The results are supported by an interpretation of new data including high-resolution seismic lines coupled with an interpretation of industrial seismic lines and detailed logs of industrial wells completed by micropaleontologic analysis of cuttings. The stratigraphy reveals a succession of three mega sequences related to the transition from an underfilled to an overfilled stage reflecting the long-term evolution of the foreland system. Moreover, evidence of cyclical sea-level changes are visible in the upper megasequence composed of three depositional sequences assumed to be fourth-order sequences generated in response to the most recent 100-ka glacio–eustatic cycles. This study also shows the peripheral deformation of the Rharb shelf responsible for changes in the geometry of the deposits and thicknesses of the sedimentary fill during the Pliocene and Pleistocene. The most important change was triggered by the uplift of the Lallah Zahra Ridge corresponding to a major Quaternary kinematic boundary and the broad uplift of the southern shelf interpreted as a flexural uplift of the forebulge domain. The deformation-controlled sediment dispersal pattern consists of a progressive growth of the shelf accompanied with a progressive shift of depocenters from the North East to the South West and a general progradation to the North West along the southern border. This progressive filling has led to the confinement of the Rharb paleo-valley across the continental shelf. The complete filling of the palaeo-valley was followed by the development of a more than 70-m thick prodeltaic lobe at the front of the Oued Sebou river mouth during the Holocene.  相似文献   

Evaluating the mechanical compaction of quartzarenites: The importance of sorting (Llanos foreland basin,Colombia)     

《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2014

Mechanical compaction is the main porosity-reducing process in sandstones, including high-reservoir-quality rigid-grain sandstones. For such sandstones, the extrapolation of theoretical or experimental compaction algorithms needs calibration with rocks having well constrained burial histories. Evaluating the compaction of these rocks is achieved by comparing current intergranular volume (IGV) with depositional IGV, which is strongly dependent on sorting. However, because sandstone sorting is difficult to measure accurately, its impact on depositional porosity and compaction state is largely underestimated. We use the quartzarenites of the Oligocene Carbonera Formation in the subsurface of the hydrostatically-pressured Llanos basin to illustrate the importance of sorting when evaluating the compaction of rigid-grain sandstones. IGV and sorting were measured in core samples using a combination of transmitted-light and cathodoluminescence images, resulting in improved accuracy over standard procedures. The compaction state of clean quartzarenites at given depths is best described using IGV-versus-sorting plots, which are used to derive compaction curves for specified sorting values. The IGV-versus-sorting trends are displaced to lower IGV values with increasing burial depth. The differences in IGV caused by differences in sorting exceed the differences in IGV resulting from 1000 m of burial, illustrating the high impact of sorting when evaluating compaction. Contrasting with published experimental results, the compaction of the Llanos basin ductile-grain-poor quartzarenites is independent of grain size, and grain rearrangement is the main compaction mechanism during the first ∼1.6 km of burial. Based on the Llanos data, we have generated IGV-versus-depth curves for clean pure quartzarenites of specific sorting, which can be used to predict their maximum primary porosity up to moderate burial depths. Differences with other published burial curves are probably related to unaccounted variations in sorting, ductile-grain content and framework-strengthening cements. However, the Llanos basin quartzarenites contain virtually no cements, explaining their high degree of compaction relative to other rigid-grain sandstones, and making them ideal to isolate the effects of compaction on the IGV of quartzarenites. The Llanos basin data suggest that, below ∼2.5 km of depth, clean well- to moderately well sorted quartzarenites continue reducing their IGV by mechanical compaction below the 26% limit, which should apply only to extremely well sorted, rigid grain, uncemented sandstones.  相似文献   

Organic geochemistry of marine source rocks and pyrobitumen-containing reservoir rocks of the Sichuan Basin and neighbouring areas,SW China     

《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2014

Three bitumen fractions were obtained and systematically analysed for the terpane and sterane composition from 30 Paleozoic source rocks and 64 bitumen-containing reservoir rocks within the Upper Sinian, Lower Cambrian, Lower Silurian, Middle Carboniferous, Upper Permian and Lower Triassic strata in the Sichuan Basin and neighbouring areas, China. These bitumen fractions include extractable oils (bitumen I), oil-bearing fluid inclusions and/or closely associated components with the kerogen or pyrobitumen/mineral matrix, released during kerogen or pyrobitumen isolation and demineralization (bitumen II), and bound compounds within the kerogen or pyrobitumen released by confined pyrolysis (bitumen III). In addition, atomic H/C and O/C ratios and carbon isotopic compositions of kerogen and pyrobitumen from some of the samples were measured. Geochemical results and geological information suggest that: (1) in the Central Sichuan Basin, hydrocarbon gases in reservoirs within the fourth section of the Upper Sinian Dengying Formation were derived from both the Lower Cambrian and Upper Sinian source rocks; and (2) in the Eastern Sichuan Basin, hydrocarbon gases in Middle Carboniferous Huanglong Formation reservoirs were mainly derived from Lower Silurian source rocks, while those in Upper Permian and Lower Triassic reservoirs were mainly derived from both Upper Permian and Lower Silurian marine source rocks. For both the source and reservoir rocks, bitumen III fractions generally show relatively lower maturity near the peak oil generation stage, while the other two bitumen fractions show very high maturities based on terpane and sterane distributions. Tricyclic terpanes evolved from the distribution pattern C₂₀ < C₂₁ < C₂₃, through C₂₀ < C₂₁ > C₂₃, finally to C₂₀ > C₂₁ > C₂₃ during severe thermal stress. The concentration of C₃₀ diahopane in bitumen III (the bound components released from confined pyrolysis) is substantially lower than in the other two bitumen fractions for four terrigenous Upper Permian source rocks, demonstrating that this compound originated from free hopanoid precursors, rather than hopanoids bound to the kerogen.  相似文献   

因子分析在海河流域石油类污染综合评价中的应用(英文)     

戴媛媛  宋文平  郑德斌  汪笑宇  尚晓迪  王立平  马超  张阳  孙学亮 《海洋通报(英文版)》2014,(1)

基于因子分析对2012~2013年海河流域pH、DO、COD、BOD5、氨态氮和总石油烃等6项水质指标的监测数据进行统计,并对其中四项指标进行水污染综合指数评估,旨在对海河水质进行较为系统的评价。结果显示,BJ1和HB2两个站位水质属于Ⅳ类标准,其余各站位均为Ⅴ类;各站位综合评价结果得到海河流域指数为1.44,说明海河流域处于污染状态,其污染程度超过该流域功能区的标准。因子分析发现,COD、DO和NH3-N之间差异显著(P0.05);主成分分析显示,除pH和BOD5外,其余指标都在0.70以上;COD、DO、NH3-N和TPH的贡献率较高,其中总石油烃的贡献率为100%,因此可以认为该海域的污染类型属于有机污染,且石油烃污染较为突出。  相似文献   

大汶口盆地漕河崖矿段岩盐矿地质特征及岩相分布规律     

朱猛 《山东地质》2014,(11):24-27

通过对漕河崖矿段进行勘探工作,发现该区岩盐矿层赋存较多,矿层厚度在0．40～14．72 m,NaCl 平均品位86．39％,属厚度较稳定,品位均匀矿层;岩盐矿层不仅局限在 F2,F3,F43个断层的切割范围内,在 F3断层北部尚有岩盐层赋存。  相似文献   

Evolution of neotectonic activity of East Anatolian Fault System (EAFS) in Bingöl pull-apart basin,based on fractal dimension and morphometric indices     

《Journal of Asian Earth Sciences》2014

This study is an attempt of a semi-automatic geomorphological GIS analysis based on morphometric indices. In the study, 10-m-resolution Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) are used to assess the neotectonic signals regarding the recent topographic developments and to attach additional significance to active tectonics in the Bingöl basin area. The methodology incorporates the determination of the structural similarities of the faults in the basins using fractal concepts and the application of four morphometric indices (Stream Power Index (SP), Multi-resolution Index of Valley Bottom Flatness (MRVBF), Terrain Ruggedness Index (TRI) and Valley Width-to-Height Ratio (Vf)). In order to detect the deviation from spatial randomness of the applied indices, the weighted correlation coefficient Moran’s I is used and the results are interpreted at a confidence interval of 99%. The spatial distribution of integrated index values is evaluated with the tectonically active fault zones in order to determine the probable activity and the structural deformation in the basin.The applied methodology reveals that the fractal analysis of the fault lines and the spatial analysis of the morphometric indices proved to be effective tools in analyzing the tectonic influence of the fault system on the basin area. Within the basin area, a relatively lesser degree of tectonic activity is observed, in contrast with the high tectonic activity outside the basin.  相似文献   

Provenance of Oligocene–Miocene sediments in the Subei area,eastern Altyn Tagh fault and its geological implications: Evidence from detrital zircons LA-ICP-MS U–Pb chronology     

《Journal of Asian Earth Sciences》2014

Oligocene–Miocene strata in the Subei and Xiaobiegai basins of the Subei area, located in the eastern Altyn Tagh fault (ATF), northern Tibetan Plateau, record important characteristics of the ATF evolution. Detrital zircons laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) U–Pb ages from two samples, together with paleocurrent directions and clastic composition in the Xishuigou section demonstrate that sediments in the Subei basin originated from the Danghenanshan range along its southern margin. Detrital zircons U–Pb ages from three samples in the Xiaobiegai basin, together with paleocurrent directions and clastic composition, indicate that sediments in the Xiaobiegai basin may partly originate from terranes along the northeastern margin of the basin in addition to the Danghenanshan range. Our results, combined with regional evolution, suggest that the Xiaobiegai and the Subei basins was a combined basin in Oligocene–early Miocene. This basin was folded, tilted, and dislocated at ca. 8 Ma by rapid uplift of the northern Tibetan plateau and rapid strike-slip of the ATF. As a result, the Subei basin became a thrust–fold belt of the Danghenanshan range front, and the Xiaobiegai basin grew into an intermontane basin in the northeastern part of the Danghenanshan range. Thus, the Subei area gradually acquired its present morphotectonic patterns.  相似文献   

大兴安岭中北段头道桥一带晚古生代构造沉积环境分析     

陈安霞  周多  张庆奎  关培彦  马良  邵学峰  费平 《地质与资源》2014,23(Z1)

大兴安岭中北段头道桥一带晚古生代整体为弧后盆地构造环境,发育泥盆系—下石炭统泥鳅河组、大民山组与红水泉组地层.研究区泥鳅河组为浅海沉积,化石发育.在弧后拉张作用下地幔物质上涌,形成大民山组一段细碧岩系,并使地壳下沉,水体加深,在大民山组二段达到最深,为半深海沉积.后期由于陆陆碰撞作用,地壳抬升,红水泉组转为浅海环境,并使该组上部地层抬升出水面遭受剥蚀.  相似文献   

南海北部深水区荔湾凹陷构造演化及其石油地质意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

纪沫  张功成  赵志刚  杨海长  曾清波 《地质通报》2014,33(5):723-732

荔湾凹陷北与白云凹陷相邻,南与双峰盆地(南海西北次海盆)相接,发育于洋陆过渡边界,具有独特的结构构造特征。选取荔湾凹陷为研究对象,在3D地震资料解释的基础上,以断裂特征分析厘定凹陷性质、构造古地貌恢复解析凹陷结构,进而指出古地貌恢复和构造演化对油气勘探的影响。研究获得三方面的创新性认识:①荔湾凹陷为洋陆过渡壳上发育的断坳,断坳作用占主导地位;②32Ma的底辟作用将荔湾凹陷改造为"四洼三凸"的构造格局,恩平组沉积期凹陷北部是一个连通的洼陷;③恩平组沉积期连通洼陷的古地貌有利于三角洲(烃源岩)的发育,背斜型圈闭的定型受控于32Ma的底辟作用,是荔湾凹陷油气勘探的有利目标。  相似文献   

鄂尔多斯盆地东南部油页岩资源评价   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李玉宏  姜亭  武富礼  张慧元  姚志刚  王宝文 《地质通报》2014,33(9):1417-1424

鄂尔多斯盆地蕴藏着丰富的油页岩资源,积累了大量测井系列齐全的石油钻探资料,但针对油页岩的调查评价工作程度低,可利用的含油率数据十分有限,难以准确评价油页岩资源量。利用陕西铜川地区油页岩探井的测井与含油率分析资料,结合ΔlogR方法,建立了该区油页岩含油率测井解释模型,可较准确地识别油页岩层段和解释计算含油率。在此基础上,利用大量的油气井测井资料解释含油率、识别和统计油页岩厚度,对1.3×104km2工作区内三叠系延长组长7油页岩资源量进行了评价,估算油页岩分布面积为1.08×104km2,预测远景资源量为3866×108t,干馏油页岩油远景资源量为179×108t,具有形成大型—特大型油页岩矿产地的资源潜力,为该区油页岩勘查利用提供了重要依据。  相似文献