Geologic and U–Pb geochronologic evidence for early Paleozoic tectonism in the Dadeldhura thrust sheet, far-west Nepal Himalaya   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

G.E. Gehrels  P.G. DeCelles  T.P. Ojha  B.N. Upreti 《Journal of Asian Earth Sciences》2006,28(4-6):385-408

The Dadeldhura thrust sheet inm western Nepal consists of Proterozoic–Lower Paleozoic sedimentary and plutonic rocks, and their metamorphic equivalents, that rest structurally on Proterozoic strata of the Lesser Himalayan sequence. Although regional metamorphism and ductile deformation were widespread during Tertiary thrust emplacement, relicts of early Paleozoic tectonism are preserved locally. New field and geochronologic studies, together with the findings of previous workers, indicate that this early Paleozoic tectonism included: (1) regional metamorphism to at least garnet grade, (2) regional folding of a thick metamorphic sequence into a broad east–west trending syncline, (3) outcrop-scale folding of metasedimentary rocks, (4) emplacement of Cambro–Ordovician granitic bodies during and after the metamorphism and deformation, (5) uplift and erosion of the metamorphic sequence, with garnet-grade rocks locally exposed at the surface, and (6) derivation of Ordovician conglomeratic sandstones from the early Paleozoic orogen. Similar records of metamorphism, deformation, and uplift/erosion have been found in other regions of the Himalaya, indicating that rocks of the Dadeldhura thrust sheet were originally involved in a regionally extensive orogenic system. Future tectonic models of Himalayan orogenesis must accommodate this early Paleozoic event.  相似文献   

Tectonic, sea-level, and climatic controls on Late Paleozoic sedimentation in the western basins of Argentina   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Carlos Limarino  Alfonsina Tripaldi  Sergio Marenssi  Luis Fauqu 《Journal of South American Earth Sciences》2006,22(3-4):205

Tectonic activity, sea-level changes, and the climate controlled sedimentation in Late Paleozoic basins of western Argentina. The role of each factor is investigated from the geologic record of the Río Blanco and Paganzo basins using three hierarchical orders of stratigraphic bounding surfaces. First-order surfaces correspond to regional unconformities, second-order ones to local unconformities with a lesser regional extent, and third-order surfaces represent locally extended sedimentary truncation. Using this methodology, the Carboniferous–Permian record of the Paganzo and Río Blanco basins may be divided into two megasequences, four sequences, and 12 stratigraphic sections. Megasequences are bounded by regional unconformities that result from tectonic events important enough to cause regional paleogeographic changes. Sequences are limited by minor regional extension surfaces related to local tectonic movements or significant sea-level falls. Finally, stratigraphic sections correspond to extended sedimentary truncations produced by transgressive events or major climatic changes. Sequence I is mainly composed of marine deposits divided into basal infill of the basin (Section 1) and Tournaisian–Visean transgressive deposits (Section 2). Sequence II is bounded by a sharp erosional surface and begins with coarse conglomerates (Section 3), followed by fluvial and shallow marine sedimentary rocks (Section 4) that pass upward into shales and diamictites (Section 5). The base of Sequence III is marked by an extended unconformity covered by Early Pennsylvanian glacial sedimentary rocks (Section 6) that represent the most important glacial event along the western margin of Gondwana. Postglacial deposits (Section 7) occur in the two basins and comprise both glaciolacustrine (eastern region) and transgressive marine (central and western regions) deposits. By the Moscovian–Kasimovian, fluvial sandstones and conglomerates were deposited in most of the Paganzo Basin (Section 8), while localized volcanic activity took place in the Río Blanco Basin. Near the end of the Carboniferous, an important transgression is recorded in the major part of the Río Blanco Basin (Section 9), reaching the westernmost portion area of the Paganzo Basin. Finally, Sequence IV shows important differences between the Paganzo and Río Blanco basins; fluvial red beds (Section 10), eolian sandstones (Section 11), and low-energy fluvial deposits (Section 12) prevailed in the Paganzo Basin whereas volcaniclastic sedimentation and volcanism dominated in the Río Blanco Basin. Thus, tectonic events, sea-level changes and climate exerted a strong and complex control on the evolution of the Río Blanco and Paganzo basins. The interaction of these allocyclic controls produced not only characteristic facies association patterns but also different kinds of stratigraphic bounding surfaces.  相似文献   

冈瓦纳大陆北缘早期的洋壳信息──来自青藏高原羌塘中部早古生代蛇绿岩的依据     

李才  翟庆国  董永胜  蒋光武  王明  解超明  吴彦旺 《地质通报》2008,27(10)

冈瓦纳大陆北缘裂解普遍认为发生在泥盆纪,形成了古特提斯洋并持续演化到晚三叠世。最近在羌塘中部的桃形湖—果干加年山一带发现了完整的蛇绿岩组合,蛇绿岩中的堆晶辉长岩具有洋中脊玄武岩的地球化学特征,在堆晶辉长岩中获得467 Ma～431Ma的锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄,这是龙木错-双湖缝合带首次发现早古生代蛇绿岩,应记录了冈瓦纳北缘早期的洋壳演化信息,冈瓦纳大陆北缘的裂解可能发生于早古生代。  相似文献   

小兴安岭东部早古生代花岗岩的发现及其构造意义   总被引：23，自引：4，他引：19  

刘建峰  迟效国  董春艳  赵芝  黎广荣  赵院冬 《地质通报》2008,27(4):534-544

通过全岩-单矿物的Rb-Sr法和锆石激光剥蚀等离子体U-Pb法定年研究,确定小兴安岭东部地区存在508～471Ma的早古生代花岗岩.根据岩石学和年代学的特征.进一步将小兴安岭东部地区的早古生代花岗岩划分为与高级变质岩伴生的片麻状花岗冈长岩-二长花岗岩(508Ma+15Ma)、块状花岗闪长岩-二长花岗岩(499Ma+1Ma)和碱长-碱性花岗岩(471 Ma±3Ma)3种岩石组合类型.上述3类花岗岩组合的依次出现反映了同碰撞-碰撞后伸展的构造演化特点,表明小兴安岭东部早古生代存在碰撞造山事件.  相似文献   

北祁连山古生代和中生代岩石古地磁的初步研究     

李燕平  张之孟 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》1986,(4)

本文通过对北祁连山近90个上古生代和中生代岩石样品的热退磁、交变退磁和剩余磁性的初步测定,认为石炭纪、二叠纪和侏罗纪岩石的剩余磁化强度已被现代地磁重新磁化;而上泥盆纪和三叠纪的剩余磁性可能是原生的,说明这一时期北祁连山地体有较大的北向移动,但三叠纪时尚未达到目前的地理位置。  相似文献   

Paleozoic glaciation in NE Africa: field and remote sensing-based evidence from the South Eastern Desert of Egypt     

Mohamed S. Elhebiry  Ibrahim Abu El-Leil  Alan E. Kehew  Mahmoud H. Bekiet  Islam Abdel Shahid 《International Geology Review》2020,62(9):1187-1204

ABSTRACT

Exhumed Paleozoic glacial deposits and landforms of the North Gondwana are reported here for the first time from the South Eastern Desert (SED) of Egypt. Using field observations and remote sensing datasets (Advanced Land Observing Satellite [ALOS], Phased Array L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar [PALSAR] radar, multispectral Landsat TM datasets, and digital elevation models [DEMs]), we mapped the distribution of Paleozoic glacial features (i.e. deposits and landforms) in the SED. Two main glaciogenic facies were identified in three locations in the SED: (1) massive, poorly sorted, matrix supported, boulder-rich diamictites in Wadi El-Naam and Korbiai, and (2) moderately-sorted, occasionally bedded outwash deposits in Betan area. Inspection of radar, DEMs, and Landsat Operational Land Imager (OLI) images revealed previously unrecognized ENE-WSW trending glacial megalineations (MLs) over the peneplained Neoproterozoic basement rocks in the central sections of the SED, whose trends align along their projected extension with those of glacial features (tunnel valleys and striation trends) reported from Saudi Arabia. The glaciogenic features in the SED are believed to be largely eroded during the uplift associated with the Red Sea opening, except for those preserved as basal units beneath the Nubia Sandstone Formation or as remnant isolated deposits within paleo-depressions within the basement complex. The apparent spatial correlation of the SED glacial features with well-defined Late Ordovician deposits in North Africa and in Saudi Arabia, and the reported thermochronometric analyses and fossil records are consistent with a Late Ordovician age for the SED glaciogenic features and support models that call on the continuation of the Late Ordovician (Hirnantian) ice sheet from the Sahara into Arabia through the SED of Egypt.  相似文献   

Models for dynamic evaluation of mudstone/shale cap rocks and their applications in the Lower Paleozoic sequences,Sichuan Basin,SW China     

《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2014

The estimation of the sealing capability of cap rocks dynamically is one of the fundamental geological problems that must be resolved in petroleum exploration. In this paper, a porosity–capillary pressure (ϕ–P_c) method was used to estimate the sealing capacity during cap rock burial and a permeability–capillary pressure (K–P_c) plus over-consolidation ratio (OCR) method to estimate the sealing capacity during uplift. Based on 120 capillary pressure–porosity measurements, a ϕ–P_c mathematical model has been established for the burial phase. By analyzing the permeability data measured from 12 mudstone/shale samples from different stratigraphic intervals under step loading conditions, a permeability–confining pressure (K–P) mathematical model has been constructed. Moreover, capillary pressure–permeability data measured from 141 mudstone or shale cap rocks have been used to establish a K–P_c mathematical model for seal capacity evaluation during uplift. Additionally, the OCR of mudstone or shale was calculated from the results of reconstructed burial and uplift histories. These mathematical models were used in case studies in the Sichuan Basin, South China. The results indicate that capillary pressure (P_c) is inadequate in evaluating sealing capacity of cap rocks but the combination of parameters P_c and OCR works well. The agreement between calculated and measured values shows the effectiveness and reliability of the models for dynamic estimation of the sealing capacity of mudstone/shale cap rocks established in this study.  相似文献   

内蒙古中部巴彦乌拉地区晚石炭世-早二叠世火山岩锆石SHRIMP U-Pb定年及其地质意义   总被引：12，自引：4，他引：8  

李可  张志诚  冯志硕  李建锋  汤文豪  罗志文 《岩石学报》2014,30(7):2041-2054

内蒙古巴彦乌拉地区广泛出露宝力格组火山-沉积地层。其中流纹岩样品的锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄分别为307.1±6.3Ma和308.9±1.8Ma,结合前人研究结果,宝力格组火山岩确切喷发时间应为晚石炭世到早二叠世。样品位于碱性-钙碱性系列岩石过渡区域,在TAS图中,中基性火山岩落入玄武质粗安岩、粗安岩和安山岩区,REE分馏明显,LILE富集,HFSE明显亏损,Nb、Ta、Ti、P负异常,Zr、Hf正异常,形成于岩石圈地幔部分熔融作用;流纹岩LILE(Rb、Th、U)富集,HFSE(Nb、Ta、Ti)明显亏损,具有高正εNd(t)和年轻tDM1值,是新增生的陆壳部分熔融的结果,并具有I型和A型两类花岗岩的地球化学属性。综合区域地质特征和前人研究资料表明,宝力格组火山岩形成于后造山构造环境。  相似文献   

湘北杨家坪中新元古宇和下古生界的近变质作用与成岩作用   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

王河锦  周钊  王玲  苑蕾 《岩石学报》2014,30(10):3013-3020

运用伊利石结晶度、K云母晶格常数b0、应变值τ、颗粒大小分布与矿物组合分析等低温变质指示数据对湘北杨家坪剖面中晚元古宇和下古生界的近变质作用和成岩作用进行了研究。Kisch国际标样用于校正伊利石结晶度的测定。中晚元古宇伊利石结晶度Kübler指数范围为:0.21~0.24°Δ2θ,而下古生界为0.28~0.67°Δ2θ。表明近变质作用影响了中晚元古宇和部分下古生界。按照Kisch国际标样的成岩/变质界限(0.21~0.38°Δ2θ,CuKα),将剖面划分为北部近变质带和中南部成岩带。由绿泥石化学成分地质温度计估计近变质峰期温度约为260℃。K云母晶格常数b0值变化范围0.9000~0.9045nm,平均为0.9017nm,表明近变质作用处于中压-中低压力范围。近变质带伊利石(主要是中晚元古宇)的多型为2M1型,而成岩带伊利石(主要是下古生界)的多型为2M1+1M混合类型。平均对数粒度与对数方差之积(GLR)称为对数总成熟效应具有不同的两组分布特征即近变质作用区(GLR1.88)与成岩作用区(GLR1.88),这是一个新的发现。后变质作用的构造应力不仅可产生断层,而且可引起矿物的应变,从而导致衍射峰的宽化,使得近变质带伊利石结晶度值次生变大到成岩值范畴。与剖面南部地区(长沙-澧陵-浏阳,黄土店-仙溪,沅古坪)比较,杨家坪剖面中晚元古宇和下古生界经历了中压-中低压近变质作用和成岩作用的影响。这一结果与多数前人认为的"元古宇板溪群处于绿片岩相或亚绿片岩相或低绿片岩相而震旦到下古生界为沉积盖层"的观点不同。  相似文献   

新疆北部古生代构造演化的几点认识   总被引：23，自引：12，他引：11  

徐学义  李荣社  陈隽璐  马中平  李智佩  王洪亮  白建科  唐卓 《岩石学报》2014,30(6):1521-1534

最近的地质调查和研究资料揭示,新疆北部古生代存在"三块两带"的构造格局,并经历了复杂的洋陆转换过程。地质、地球物理和碎屑锆石年龄结果显示,准噶尔盆地南部应存在一个至少发育前震旦系的古老陆块;初步认为东准噶尔北自额尔齐斯构造带东南的玛依鄂博地区至南部的卡拉麦里构造带南界,整体为一增生杂岩体,西准噶尔自额尔齐斯构造带南缘至谢米斯台南缘亦为一增生杂岩体。提出新疆北部加里东运动表现为准噶尔-吐哈陆块、中天山陆块群、伊犁地块等拼合形成哈萨克斯坦板块的一部分。从新疆北部泥盆系建造组合和沉积环境演变视角,探讨了早古生代形成的哈萨克板块北部洋盆从早泥盆世开始,至晚泥盆世拼合,洋盆经历了逐渐变浅直至消亡的演化过程。结合区域地质调查资料,提出南天山为一巨大的增生杂岩体,代表了哈萨克斯坦板块与塔里木板块最后增生拼合的位置,亦是古亚洲洋在中国境内最后闭合的位置,闭合的时限为早石炭末期。在以上认识的基础上,提出新疆北部晚古生代构造演化的"三块两带"基本框架:即在统一哈萨克斯坦板块形成后,自北而南依次存在西伯利亚板块、哈萨克斯坦板块、塔里木板块及其间的准噶尔洋盆和南天山洋盆。晚泥盆世哈萨克斯坦板块与西伯利亚板块完成增生拼贴;早石炭世末,塔里木板块与西伯利亚-哈萨克斯坦联合板块完成增生拼贴,古亚洲洋结束洋陆转换;晚石炭世至早二叠世,新疆北部进入后碰撞伸展至大陆裂谷演化阶段。  相似文献